The branch of agriculture - animal husbandry - is ubiquitous. In terms of its importance, it ranks second after crop production. The main countries where livestock is distributed play an important role in providing the world's population with food. The main areas of animal husbandry include: cattle breeding, pig breeding, sheep breeding.
animal husbandry
Australia, Oceania
There are countries of distribution of cattle breeding in Oceania. New Zealand is very developed. This country is the largest exporter of dairy products.
The plains in western Australia do not receive sufficient moisture to fully provide forage for cattle. But for sheep breeding, these are just ideal conditions. The continent is one of the three leaders in the world in terms of the number of sheep. It ranks first in the export of wool and lamb.
Europe
The main livestock countries in Europe suffer from limited agricultural land. Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, England have up to 80% of the share of livestock in the agricultural sector.
Dairy and beef cattle are mainly bred. Some countries pay great attention to pig breeding: Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands. Sheep are also bred in Europe. The leaders are Spain and England.
Crop production in the bulk is designed to meet the needs of animal husbandry in feed. That is why most of the fertile land is occupied. Limited areas force livestock breeders to use intensive livestock breeding methods.
Asia
In Asia, the main countries of cattle breeding are concentrated in the monsoon climate zone - the southern and eastern parts of the region and the western regions. Cattle breeding prevails, it develops on an extensive basis (due to an increase in livestock, and not the introduction of new technologies).
Countries with non-Muslim populations - Japan, Korea, China, Vietnam - cultivate pig breeding. China holds the first place in the world in terms of the number of pigs. Animal husbandry is designed to meet the internal needs of countries.
Africa
The continent occupies a special geographical position. Climatic conditions, the presence of vast natural pastures and fertile lands create favorable conditions for any type of agricultural activity. Confident farming requires land reclamation.
Africa's main cattle breeding countries are eastern Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. The level is low, the stock does not have a good genetic potential. Kenya has pastures suitable for the development of sheep breeding. With proper organization, this industry may well become the leading one in the country's economy (with an increase in the number of sheep in a few years to 6 million heads).
They practice a distant-pasture system of raising livestock. Feeding is not accepted. Cattle and sheep are constantly on the farm. Plant growing is in no way connected with animal husbandry and does not provide it with a forage base.
Animal husbandry in developed countries uses intensive farming methods to further flourish. This helps them maintain their leading positions both in terms of the number of livestock and the volume of products produced.
The population of the Earth is growing, along with it the level of consumption of meat is growing. Currently, the world export of beef is more than seven million, pork - more than one million, lamb - more than eight million tons.
The main exporters of beef - the most demanded type of meat - are Argentina, Brazil, Australia, Canada. The main importers are Russia, Japan, Korea, USA.