Geologically Australia is the most ancient of the continents. But for many centuries it was marked on the maps as “terra incognita”.
The first man who reached the Australian coasts was Willem Jansz, a Dutch seaman. He landed on the northern coast of the continent in 1606.
The northern and western coasts were explored by the Dutch in the 17th century. The sailors named the continent New Holland.
In 1770 James Cook, a British navigator, reached the coasts of Australia. He wasn't the first to investigate Australia and named a lot of its mountains and bays.
The beginning of the British colonization of Australia was connected with the loss of the thirteen American colonies during the War of Independence. The British government lost the right to send criminals from England to North America. The loss was compensated by seizing new territories. The first group of criminals arrived in Australia in 1787 and founded a settlement named Sydney. And only in 1793 the first group of settlers who were not convicts came to Australia.
The 50s of the 19th century were the turning point in the history of Australia. The deposits of gold were found then, and it led the country to the rapid economic development. Till that time Australia had held the first place at the world wool market. Since that time the industry started to develop in the country.
The discovery of gold also led to a large wave of immigrants to the country. In 1900 the British colonies got the rights of states. In 1901 they united in a single state. That was the beginning of the modern Australia.
Translation
Geologically, Australia is the oldest of the continents. But for many centuries it was marked on maps as “terra incognita”.
The first person to reach the shores of Australia was Willem Janss, a Dutch sailor. He landed on the northern coast of the continent in 1606.
The northern and western shores were explored by the Dutch in the 17th century. The sailors named the continent New Holland.
In 1770, James Cook, a British navigator, reached the shores of Australia. He was the first to explore Australia and named many mountains and bays.
The beginning of British colonization of Australia was associated with the loss of the thirteen American colonies during the Revolutionary War. The British government lost the right to send criminals from England to North America. The loss was compensated by capturing new territories. The first group of outlaws arrived in Australia in 1787 and founded a settlement called Sydney. It was not until 1793 that the first group of settlers who were not convicts arrived in Australia.
The 1950s were a turning point in Australian history. Gold deposits were discovered and this led the country to rapid economic development. Until this time, Australia occupied the first place in the wool market in the world. Since then, industry has begun to develop in the country.
The discovery of gold also led to a large wave of immigrants to the country. In 1900, the British colonies received state rights. In 1901 they merged into single state. This was the beginning of modern Australia.
Australia - AustraliaGeographical Position
Australia is the only country in the world that is also a continent. It is the sixth largest country and the smallest continent.The capital of the country is Canberra. The official language is English.
Nature of Australia
Australia is the driest continent on the Earth. The unique climate and the isolation of Australia from other continents explain the existence of unusual plants and animals.
The commonest tree of Australia is the eucalyptus. In the drier areas there is the Australian acacia or mimosa. In those areas one can also find strange bottle trees. They preserve water in their trunks.
Australian animals are also very unusual. Among them there are kangaroos, duck-bills, koala bears, and others.
Population and Cities
Australian population is about 23 million people. The natives of the country are called Aboriginals. Now they comprise a very small part of the country’s population due to the former extrusion of the indigenous people in the past.
There are 5 big cities in Australia: Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth and Brisbane. Canberra was specially planned as a capital. All the government buildings are located there.
Sydney is the oldest and largest city in Australia. It is a big industrial centre. About 5 million people live in the city.
Attractions in Australia
Australia has a lot to offer to tourists.
The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands.
The most famous building in the country is the Sydney Opera House. Its roof looks like sails. It is a masterpiece of architecture. More than 5,000 people can visit concerts, operas, theater performances and other events.
Kakadu National Park is in Australia’s Northern Territory and covers about 20,000 square kilometers. It is a wetland with over 200 kinds of birds and 1,700 plant species. It is also the home of Australian crocodiles.
Australia is the only country in the world that is also a continent. It is the sixth largest country by territory and the smallest continent. The capital of the country is Canberra. The official language is English.
Nature of Australia
Australia is the driest continent on Earth. Australia's unique climate and isolation from other continents explain the presence of unusual plants and animals.
Eucalyptus is the most common tree in Australia. In drier areas there is the Australian wattle or mimosa. Strange bottle trees can also be found in these areas. They accumulate water in their trunks.
Australian animals are also very unusual. Among them are kangaroos, platypuses, koalas and others.
Population and major cities
Australia's population is about 23 million. The indigenous people of the country are called aborigines. They now make up a very small part of the population due to the displacement of the indigenous people in the past.
Australia has 5 big cities: Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth and Brisbane. Canberra was specifically planned as the capital. All government buildings are located there.
Sydney is the oldest and The largest city in Australia. This is a large industrial center. About 5 million people live in this city.
Sights of Australia
Australia has a lot to offer tourists.
The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef, consisting of more than 2,900 individual coral reefs and 900 islands.
The most famous building in the country is the Sydney Opera House. Its roof looks like sails. This is a masterpiece of architecture. More than 5,000 people can attend concerts, operas, plays and other events.
National Park Kakadu is located in the Northern Territory of Australia and covers approximately 20,000 km 2 . It is a wetland with more than 200 species of birds and 1,700 species of plants. It is also the home of Australian crocodiles.
Australia, or the Commonwealth of Australia, as it is officially called, is located on the island continent. It also occupies the Island of Tasmania and some minor islands round the coast of the continent.
It is a highly developed industrial-agrarian country. Its area is about 8 million km2. It is the only state in the world that occupies the territory of a whole continent.
The capital of Australia is Canberra, which became the capital only in 1927.
From 1787 to 1867 Australia was a place where criminals were sent from Britain. That is why the official language of Australia is English.
Almost one half of Australian territory is occupied by deserts and semideserts. For quite a long period of time it was thought to be useless for economic development. But it is rich in coal, iron ore, bauxites, uranium, lead and many other mineral resources.
For almost a century the production and export of sheep wool was the basis of the economy of the country. Now the most important industries are oil, chemical, ore mining, radioelectronics, and food industry. The country exports agricultural products and raw materials.
As for the nature, the commonest trees of Australia are the eucalyptus and the Australian acacia or mimosa, the national emblem of the country. Such unusual animals as a kangaroo or a koala-bear originate from Australia.
Australia is one of the most unusual and exotic countries of the world. A significant feature of modern Australian society is the representation of a lot of cultures drawn from many lands by its people.
Historically part of the British Empire and now a member of a Commonwealth of Nations, it is a relatively prosperous and independent nation.
Australia
Australia, or the Commonwealth of Australia as the country is officially called, is located on an island continent. It also occupies the island of Tasmania and small islands around the mainland coast.
This is a highly developed industrial-agrarian country. Its area is about 8 million km2. This is the only state in the world that occupies the territory of an entire continent.
The capital of Australia, Canberra, became the capital only in 1927.
From 1787 to 1867, Australia was the destination for criminals from England. That is why official language Australia is English.
Almost half of Australia's territory is occupied by deserts and semi-deserts. For quite a long time they were considered useless for economic development. But they are rich in coal, iron ore, bauxite, uranium, lead and many other minerals.
For almost a century, the production and export of sheep wool has been the basis of the country's economy. Currently, the most important industries are the oil, chemical, mining, radio electronics, and food industries. The country exports agricultural products and raw materials.
As for nature, the most common trees in Australia are eucalyptus and Australian acacia, or mimosa - National emblem countries. Such unusual animals as the kangaroo or koala also come from Australia.
Australia is one of the most unusual and exotic countries in the world. An important feature of modern Australian society is the representation of many cultures brought to the continent from different lands.
Historically part of the British Empire and currently a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, Australia is a prosperous and independent country.
Australia is so interesting that it is difficult to imagine where to begin to describe this country. The most isolated continent on the planet with the most original things. Beautiful beaches, even better weather! Great food, music and very nice people. This country is like the old Los Angeles. A place to visit at least once in a lifetime for sure!
Essay on Australia
Australia is the only country in the world that is also a continent. It is the sixth largest country and the smallest continent. It lies between the South Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. The name of the country comes from Latin word "australis" which means "southern". The country's official name is Commonwealth of Australia.
The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of states. Australia has six states - New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. Each state has its government.
About 23 million people live in Australia nowadays. The natives of the country are called Aboriginals. Now they occupy a very small part of the country’s population due to the former extrusion of the native people in the past.
The capital of Australia is Canberra. All the government buildings are located there.
The capital is also the home of many cultural institutions, such as Australian National University, National Gallery, National Museum, Royal Military College, Australian Institute of Sport and many others.
The largest and the most visited city in Australia is Sydney. With the population of more than 4.6 million people. There is a great number of attractions in Sydney. The most well-known ones are Sydney Opera House, Sydney Harbor Bridge, St. Mary's Catholic Cathedral and others.
The country has some unique species of animals, which can’t be found anywhere else. Among them, koalas, kangaroos, wallabies, flightless emus, wombats and many others. So, the Australian Zoos can be another place of interest for tourists.
Essay on Australia
Australia is the only country in the world that is also a continent. It is the sixth largest country and the smallest continent. It is located between the southern part Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. The country's name comes from the Latin word "australis", which means "south". The official name of the country is the Commonwealth of Australia.The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of states. Australia has six states - New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. Each state has its own government.
Currently there are approximately 23 million people living in Australia. The natives of the country are called aborigines. They now occupy a very small part of the population due to the former extrusion of the indigenous people in the past.
The capital of Australia is Canberra. All government buildings are located there.
The capital is also home to many cultural institutions such as: Australian National University, National Gallery, National Museum, Royal Military College, Australian Institute of Sport and others.The largest and most visited city in Australia is Sydney. With a population of more than 4.6 million people. Sydney has many attractions. The most famous of them are the Sydney Opera House, the Harbor Bridge, the Catholic Cathedral St. Mary's and a number of others.
The country has some unique animal species that cannot be found anywhere else. Among them: koalas, kangaroos, wallabies, flightless emus, wombats and many others. So Australian zoos could be another interesting place for tourists.
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