COSMONAUTICS DAY
script of the holiday-competition
Target: developing children's knowledge about space, famous astronauts and space discoverers.
Tasks:
introduce the history of the creation of rocket technology,
develop children's curiosity, thinking, speech, memory, attention,
cultivate discipline, curiosity, pride in one’s country,
teach activity and collectivism.
Equipment:
presentation, laptop, projector
2 newspapers,
- cards with tasks,
The competition is formalized in game form: crews of astronauts compete, the progress of the competition is displayed on a colorfully decorated “Flight into Space” stand; the final route is Mars, Venus or the Moon. They create a gaming organ - the cosmonaut headquarters; at the headquarters they resolve all issues related to the course of the game.
Possible game roles:
space crew commanders,
astronaut number 1, etc.
PROGRESS OF THE CLASS.
I. Class organization.
II. Setting the topic and purpose of the lesson.
Teacher: Guys, you know that on April 12 our whole country celebrates Cosmonautics Day. Today we will talk about how people began to explore outer space, and why on April 12 we celebrate Cosmonautics Day.
Since ancient times, the mysterious world of planets and stars has attracted the attention of people, attracting them with its mystery and beauty. Previously, a long time ago, when people were just beginning to recognize the Earth, they imagined it as an inverted bowl, which rests on three giant elephants, standing importantly on the shell of a huge turtle. This miracle turtle swims in the sea-ocean, and the whole world is covered with a crystal dome of the sky with many sparkling stars. The mysterious shine of the stars and the bottomless depth of the sky have always attracted people. They have long tried to conquer the sky.
Do you know the legend about Daedalus and his son Icarus? Icarus and his father lived on an island that belonged to a very cruel king; it was impossible to escape from him either by land or by sea, the only way of salvation was heaven. But how?
Daedalus came up with a very interesting and convenient device - wings. He collected the feathers of birds and held them together with wax. Father and son attached wings to their backs and flew into the sky. Before the flight, Daedalus warned his son not to fly high into the sky, as the sun would melt the wax that held the wings together. The feathers will fly away and he will die. But Icarus was so captivated by the spectacle that he forgot about his father’s instructions and flew too high. The sun melted the wax, the feathers scattered, and Icarus fell into the sea from a great height. This is such a sad story.
Several thousand years have passed since then; many generations of kind and intelligent people have grown up on our Earth. They built ships and, having completed trip around the world, learned that the Earth is a ball. And astronomers have proven that the Earth flies in space, revolving around the sun, making one revolution around its axis per year.
The next step was to make a ball with a basket for passengers. A brazier with hot coals was placed in the basket. The ball was constantly filled with hot smoke. But such a ball did not fly long and low. They began to fill the balloon with gas; it could fly for a long time, but it was large and clumsy. He flew in the direction the wind was blowing. Then the airship was created, and then the airplane. And they began to fly in the air envelope of the Earth. But people did not stop there; they were attracted by space.
And here's 5 1 a year ago, an ordinary spring day on April 12, 1961 was destined to forever go down in human history. On this day, the Vostok spacecraft launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome with the first cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. Cosmonaut - there was no such word among many, many thousands of words. The pilot Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin brought it to Earth from the sky.)
YURI GAGARIN
I asked my dad one day:
"Who is Yuri Gagarin?
He's probably very important
And I know little about him..."
And dad then answered me:
"I'm glad you asked me about this,
He is a brave and courageous pilot,
He glorified the country throughout the world.
Gagarin was the first in the world
Who once flew into space?
To the boys on our planet
He gave me the dream of becoming an astronaut."
Now I'm proud to know
Who was Yuri Gagarin?
Ask me, I will answer you proudly:
He is the astronaut who was the first to reach the stars!
Reader: We live on our planet
In such a wonderful age!
And the first of the first in the rocket
Our Russian man is flying!
Not for the purpose of military intelligence,
On a super-fast ship
He flew alone in the Universe,
To return to the earth again!
(Sergey Mikhalkov)
Teacher: Guys, you listened well, and now we’ll play a little. To do this you need to split into two teams.
Team names are given ("R A chum salmon", "K O rabble" ) Vocabulary work
Teacher: Guys, would you like to visit outer space? Why?(guys' answers) Today our squad young cosmonauts goes on a trip. We will take a flight through our solar system.
Let's look at the journey map. We have to launch from Earth. Visit the Sun, visit Mercury, Venus. Fly over the Earth and see the Moon. Then we will land on Mars and see its satellites Deimos and Phobos. Next comes the ring of asteroids or it is also called the Asteroid Belt. This will be the last point of our journey. Then we will return to Earth. Our squad of young cosmonauts consists of... crews, each of them has its own commander. Astronauts! Be very careful during the flight! Listen to the commands of your commanders!
(Music performed by the ensemble "Earthlings". All children perform physical exercises under the commands of the teacher.)
Teacher: But to fly, we need a spaceship.
Competition 1.
A drawing of a rocket on a poster opens. The second copy of the drawing is cut into parts.
Crew teams are invited to assemble the ship (according to the model
).
A drawing of a rocket is shown. The teams have envelopes containing the same rockets, only cut up.
Task: collect the drawings as quickly as possible.
Teacher: Well done! You have completed this task!
The ship is prepared for flight, but the crew is not. Guys, what are the astronauts wearing?
Children: In spacesuits.
Teacher: Correct. Where are your spacesuits?
Competition 2.
From geometric shapes draw a spacesuit.
(Children draw on the board. The jury evaluates.)
Teacher: Guys, do you know how many planets there are in the solar system?
Competition 3.
Name the planets that revolve around the Sun along with the Earth.
(Teams are named one by one. Teams receive a point for each planet.)
Competition 4
How are the planets located? solar system? Our cosmonauts will show this.
They must put the planets in order and read their motto.
(Teams are given sheets with the names of the planets. On the back of each sheet is a word from the motto)
Any space route is open to those who love work.
Only the strong ones can be taken on a flight by a starship.
Teacher: And now we will be transported to the center of the solar system. The solar system is a family in which our planet Earth lives. In its center there is a hot ball of gas - this is the Sun. Surface temperature + 6000°C. Even in ancient times, people realized that without the sun there would be no life on Earth. The earth receives only a small portion of the sun's radiated heat. But this is enough for all life on Earth.
Nine planets and thousands of asteroids and comets revolve around the Sun.
And we are already flying over the planet Mercury. Astronauts, look carefully out the windows! Oh, how many unprecedented animals there are here!
Competition 5.
Arriving on Mercury, the astronauts find themselves in a space zoo. Each crew receives a task: to draw one animal and tell how it eats, what it is called and where it lives.
(Children receive sheets and pencils or markers. Draw animals and talk about them.
For example: Our animal is called Togo-Toot. It lives on the Island of Wild Hippos and eats purple tomatoes. Here is his portrait (drawing is shown).
The jury evaluates drawings and stories.)
Teacher: Well done! You made some interesting drawings. We fly further, approaching Venus.
Competition 6. /With fans/
Solve the crossword puzzle.
1. The aircraft on which Baba Yaga moved.
2. It is visible only at night.
3. The largest planet.
4. The closest star visible during the day.
5. The name of the dog that was the first to go into outer space.
6. Which one spaceship Yuri Gagarin visited space for the first time.
7. Earth satellite.
8. Alien aircraft.
We can clearly see what is happening on our planet. We are flying over Russia. Our country is very large, stretching from the Baltic Sea in the west to Chukotka and the Bering Strait in the east. And here comes the Moon. The Moon is the Earth's satellite. This is also a planet, but very small. She cannot move independently and is, as it were, “tied” to the Earth.
Teacher: And we are already flying over Mars. What is another name for this planet? (Red)
The Ancient Romans had the name of a rather bloodthirsty god of war. And indeed the reddish color of the planet is associated with the blood that people shed in their numerous military campaigns. In addition, like the mythological god, the planet has 2 satellites that accompany him in battles - and - Fear and Horror.
It was necessary to have not only great courage and strength, but also dexterity in order to fight these mythological monsters.
Competition 7.
The task "Who is faster and more dexterous."
One participant from each team is invited. You need to grab the corner of the newspaper with one hand. At the signal, try to collect the entire sheet into a fist. You cannot correct the sheet with the other hand. The first one to complete will win.
Competition 8.
"Ring of Asteroids"
Let's practice how to dock the ship correctly. The crew commander runs first, runs around the conditional planet, returns for the next player, takes him by the hand and the two of them run around the planet, return for the third, etc.
Teacher: It's time to return to Earth! And on the way - another competition.
Competition 9.
Make as many words as possible from the letters of the word COSMONAUtics.
Teacher: While the astronauts are working, we will try to answer the quiz questions.
Quiz.
1. Who invented the rocket with which it was possible to go into space?
(K.E. Tsiolkovsky, S.P. Korolev)
3. What animals have been to space?
(dogs Belka and Strelka, Laika, Chernushka, Zvezdochka, white mice and rats)
5. What is the name of the cosmodrome from which Russian rockets launch into space? Where is he located?
(Baikonur, Kazakhstan)
6. What was the name of the ship on which Yuri Gagarin went into space?
(Ship "Vostok")
7. What were the names of the ships on which the first Soviet-American flight was made?
("Soyuz" and "Apollo")
8. Name the first Russian female cosmonaut.
(Valentina Tereshkova)
9. Who was the first to go into outer space?
(Alexey Leonov)
10. Which planet in the solar system is the largest?
(Jupiter)
Well done guys, they listened well and played! While the jury is summing up the results, tell me which of you dreams of becoming an astronaut.
SPACE DITS
Words
You will now hear
Not comic at all
The boys and I will sing
Cosmic ditties.
I, like all our boys,
I want to be an astronaut
I will grow up and certainly
I'll fly to the distant stars.
The very first astronaut
Gagarin became Yura.
To become as strong
Need physical education.
All the guys know from childhood:
Yura is not an easy guy.
He said: “Let's go!”
He boldly waved his hand at us.
And shot straight up
Huge rocket
Leaving behind
The trail is like a comet.
Yesterday Tanka experienced
Flight in zero gravity
When the boys pushed
Her from the hill into the snowdrift.
I'm equipping a rocket
I'm going to the moon.
Maybe in space far away
I will find new friends.
Teacher: How should you prepare yourself for long-distance space flights?
Elena Ponomarenko
I WANT TO BE AN ASMONAUT
Dad is sitting at the table (the role is played by a boy). There is a second chair nearby.
HOST: Every boy dreams, of course,
That someday he will fly into space.
And the boy Seryozha was no exception,
I decided to be an astronaut when I grew up.
The boy Seryozha comes out into the middle of the hall.
SEREZHA: The astronauts are lucky,
They fly into space every day
They count the stars, walk on the moon...
How I want it the same way.
I want to become an astronaut
When I grow up and fly into space!
HOST: But first you need to find out
What does it take to become an astronaut?
Seryozha approaches dad.
SEREZHA: I’ll ask dad. Dad, tell me
What does it take to become an astronaut?
PAPA: Cosmonauts have their own special regime.
Exercise every day and they go to bed on time.
It's very important for health
Follow this special regime.
Jogging, push-ups, squats,
Douse with cold water.
At least start with this.
SEREZHA: Well, it’s a couple of trifles.
I’m already ready to do exercises.
And go to bed by the hour.
I can do all this myself.
DAD: Well, son, since you're ready,
Let's get started today.
HOST: He studied with dad all day,
And he did squats and push-ups,
I wiped myself with cold water,
And he even lifted the barbell.
He jumped, ran and skipped.
And by the evening I was terribly tired.
Dad and Seryozha pantomime depict exercises, running, wiping with water, etc.
At the last words of the presenter, Seryozha sits down tiredly on a chair.
DAD: Are you so gloomy, son?
Have you changed your mind about becoming an astronaut?
SEREZHA: Now I understand - this is not easy work
Space flights.
I haven’t changed my mind about becoming an astronaut,
But I'm not ready yet
To such cosmic loads.
Being an astronaut is not easy!
Of course I won't be sad
I will develop strength in myself,
Do exercises in the morning
And go to bed on time.
HOST: All boys dream about space,
They read books about space.
They study the stars in the sky,
They dream of becoming astronauts.
Now the jury will announce the winner to us
(The jury sums up the results and awards the teams.)
Teacher: I want to quote the words of the great cosmonaut Gagarin: “Having flown around the Earth in a satellite, I saw how beautiful our planet is. People, let us preserve and increase this beauty, and not destroy it.” Let's fulfill the behest of the first cosmonaut! Goodbye!
“He called us all into space...”
Neil Armstrong
About Yuri Gagarin
Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin was born on March 9, 1934 in the village of Klushino, Gzhatsky district, Western region of the RSFSR (now Gagarinsky district Smolensk region), near the city of Gzhatsk (now Gagarin). He comes from a peasant background: his father, Alexei Ivanovich Gagarin (1902 - 1973), is a carpenter, his mother, Anna Timofeevna Matveeva (1903 - 1984), is a pig farmer.
Yuri spent his childhood in the village of Klushino. On September 1, 1941, the boy went to school, but on October 12, the Germans occupied the village, and his studies were interrupted. For almost a year and a half, the village of Klushino was occupied by German troops. On April 9, 1943, the village was liberated by the Red Army, and school resumed.
On May 24, 1945, the Gagarin family moved to Gzhatsk. In May 1949, Gagarin graduated from the sixth grade of Gzhatskaya high school and on September 30 he entered the Lyubertsy vocational school No. 10. At the same time, he entered an evening school for working youth, where he graduated from the seventh grade in May 1951, and in June he graduated with honors from college with a degree in molding and foundry.
In August 1951, Gagarin entered the Saratov Industrial College and on October 25, 1954, he came to the Saratov Aero Club for the first time. In 1955, Yuri Gagarin achieved significant success, graduated with honors and made the first independent flight on the Yak-18 aircraft. In total, Yuri Gagarin performed 196 flights at the flying club and logged 42 hours and 23 minutes.
On October 27, 1955, Gagarin was drafted into the army and sent to Orenburg, to the 1st Military Aviation School named after K.E. Voroshilov. He studied with the then famous test pilot Ya.Sh. Akbulatova. On October 25, 1957, Gagarin graduated from college with honors. For two years he served in the 169th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 122nd Fighter Aviation Division of the Northern Fleet, armed with MiG-15bis aircraft. By October 1959, he had flown a total of 265 hours.
In 1959 he married Valentina Ivanovna Goryacheva. On December 9, 1959, Gagarin wrote a statement asking to be included in the group of cosmonaut candidates. A week later he was called to Moscow to undergo a comprehensive medical examination at the Central Research Aviation Hospital. Early next year, another special medical commission followed, which declared Senior Lieutenant Gagarin fit for space flight. On March 3, 1960, by order of the Air Force Commander-in-Chief Konstantin Andreevich Vershinin, he was enrolled in the group of cosmonaut candidates, and on March 11, Gagarin and his family left for a new place of work. On March 25, regular classes began under the cosmonaut training program.
On April 12, 1961, for the first time in the world, the Vostok spacecraft launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome with pilot-cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin on board.
In 1966, Gagarin was elected an honorary member of the International Academy of Astronautics, and in 1964 he was appointed commander of the Soviet cosmonaut corps. In June 1966, Gagarin had already begun training under the Soyuz program. He was appointed as Komarov's backup, who made the first flight on the new ship.
On February 17, 1968, Yuri Alekseevich defended his diploma project at the Air Force Engineering Academy named after Professor Zhukovsky. The State Examination Commission awarded Colonel Yu.A. Gagarin qualified as a "pilot-engineer-cosmonaut". Until his last days, Gagarin served as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
On March 27, 1968, he died under unclear circumstances near the village of Novoselovo, Kirzhach district Vladimir region during one of the training flights. He was buried near the Kremlin wall on Red Square.
Ranks:
· Hero of Socialist Labor of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (April 28, 1961);
· Hero of Socialist Labor of the People's Republic of Bulgaria (May 23, 1961);
· Hero of Labor of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
The Soviet government also promoted Yu.A. Gagarin in the rank of senior lieutenant immediately to major. Yu.A. Gagarin was:
· President of the Soviet-Cuban Friendship Society;
· honorary member of the Finland-Soviet Union Society;
· Since 1966 he has been an honorary member of the International Academy of Astronautics.
Orders:
· Lenin (USSR);
· Georgiy Dimitrov (Bulgaria);
· Karl Marx (GDR);
· Class II star (Indonesia);
· Order of the Cross of Grunwald (Poland);
· Banner of the 1st class with diamonds (Hungary);
· "Necklace of the Nile" (Egypt);
· Large Ribbon of the African Star (Liberia);
· “For merits in the field of aeronautics” (Brazil);
Medals and diplomas:
· Medal "Gold Star" (USSR);
· Gold medal named after Konstantin Tsiolkovsky “3a” outstanding works in the field of interplanetary communications" (USSR Academy of Sciences);
· Medal de Lavaux (FAI);
· Austrian Government Gold Medal, 1962;
· Gold medal and honorary diploma “Man in Space” from the Italian Cosmonautics Association;
· Gold Medal "For Outstanding Distinction" and an honorary diploma from the Royal Aero Club of Sweden;
· Big gold medal and FAI diploma;
· Gold Medal of the British Society for Interplanetary Communications, 1961;
· Columbus Medal (Italy);
· Gold medal of the city of Saint-Denis (France);
· Gold Medal of the Mazzotti Foundation's Courage Award (Italy), 2007.
Yuri Gagarin was elected an honorary citizen of the following cities: Baikonur (1977), Kaluga, Novocherkassk, Lyubertsy, Sumgait, Smolensk, Vinnitsa, Sevastopol, Saratov, Tyumen (USSR); Orenburg (Russia); Sofia, Pernik, Plovdiv (Bulgaria); Athens, Greece); Famagusta, Limassol (Cyprus); Saint Denis (France); Trencianske Teplice (Czechoslovakia). He was also presented with golden keys to the gates of the cities of Cairo and Alexandria (Egypt).
From the memoirs of A. Zheleznyakov
“... In May 1949, Yuri Gagarin graduated from the sixth grade of the Gzhatsk junior high school, and on September 30 of the same year he entered the Lyubertsy vocational school No. 10. In December 1949, the Ukhtomsk city committee of the Komsomol accepted Yuri as a member of the Komsomol.
Simultaneously with his studies at the school, he entered the Lyubertsy evening school for working youth, where he graduated from the seventh grade in May 1951. And a month later he graduated with honors from a vocational school with a degree in molding and foundry. Yuri Alekseevich was proud of his working profession all his life.
Having graduated from college and received a specialty, Gagarin decides to continue his studies and already in August 1951 he became a student at the Saratov Industrial College.
The years of study flew by unnoticed and were compressed to the limit by various activities. In addition to studying and industrial practice, Komsomol work and sports took up a lot of time. It was during those years that Gagarin became interested in aviation and on October 25, 1954, he first came to the Saratov Aero Club.
The coming 1955 became the year of the first significant successes of Yuri Alekseevich. In June he graduated with honors from the Saratov Industrial College, in July he made his first solo flight on a Yak-18 aircraft, and on October 10 he graduated from the Saratov Aero Club. And on August 3, 1955, the Saratov regional newspaper “Dawn of Youth” published a report “A Day at the Airfield”, in which Gagarin’s name was mentioned. “The first praise in print means a lot in a person’s life,” Yuri Alekseevich later wrote.
On October 27, 1955, by the Oktyabrsky District Military Commissariat of the city of Saratov, Yuri Alekseevich was drafted into the ranks of the Soviet Army and sent to the city of Orenburg to study at the 1st Chkalov Military Aviation School named after K.E. Voroshilov. Barely put it on military uniform, Gagarin realized that his whole life would be connected with the sky. This turned out to be the path to which his soul strove.
Two years flew by unnoticed within the walls of the school, filled with flights, combat training and short hours of rest. And so on October 25, 1957, the school was completed.
Two days later, another significant event occurred in Gagarin’s life - he married Valentina Ivanovna Goryacheva.
At the end of 1957, Gagarin arrived at his destination - the fighter aviation regiment of the Northern Fleet. Army everyday life began to flow: flights in polar day and polar night conditions, combat and political training. Gagarin loved to fly, flew with pleasure, and probably would have continued to do so for many more years if it had not been for the recruitment that began among young fighter pilots for retraining on new equipment. At that time, no one had openly talked about space flights, so spaceships were called “new technology.”
On December 9, 1959, Gagarin wrote a statement asking to be included in the group of cosmonaut candidates. A week later he was called to Moscow to undergo a comprehensive medical examination at the Central Research Aviation Hospital. Early next year, another special medical commission followed, which declared Senior Lieutenant Gagarin fit for space flight. On March 3, 1960, by order of the Air Force Commander-in-Chief K.A. Vershinina was enrolled in the group of cosmonaut candidates, and on March 11 he began training.
There were 20 young pilots who were to prepare for their first flight into space. Gagarin was one of them. When preparations began, no one could even guess which of them would open the road to the stars. It was later, when the flight became a reality, when the timing of this flight became more or less clear, a group of six people stood out and began to be trained according to a different program than the rest.
And four months before the flight, it became clear to almost everyone that Gagarin would be the one to fly. None of the leaders of the Soviet space program I never said that Yuri Alekseevich was better prepared than others. The choice of the first was determined by many factors, and physiological indicators and knowledge of technology were not dominant. Both Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, who closely monitored the preparations, and the leaders of the Defense Department of the CPSU Central Committee, who oversaw space developments, and the leaders of the Ministry of General Engineering and the Ministry of Defense understood perfectly well that the first cosmonaut should become the face of our state, worthily representing the Motherland in the international arena. Probably, it was precisely these reasons that forced the choice in favor of Gagarin, whose kind face and open soul conquered everyone with whom he had to communicate. A the last word turned out to be Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, who was at that time the First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. When they brought him photographs of the first cosmonauts, he chose Gagarin without hesitation.
But for this to happen, Gagarin and his comrades had to go through a year-long journey, filled with endless training in deaf and hyperbaric chambers, in centrifuges, and in other simulators. Experiment after experiment followed, parachute jumps were replaced by flights on fighter jets, on training aircraft, on a flying laboratory into which the Tu-104 was converted.
But all this is behind us, and the day comes on April 12, 1961. Only the initiated knew what was about to happen on this ordinary spring day. More less people they knew who was destined to turn the entire history of mankind upside down and quickly burst into the aspirations and thoughts of mankind, forever remaining in memory as the first person to overcome gravity.
On April 12, 1961, at 9:07 am Moscow time, the Vostok spacecraft launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome with pilot-cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin on board. After just 108 minutes, the cosmonaut landed near the village of Smelovki in Saratov region. The first flight lasted only 108 minutes (compare with the duration of modern flights, which last for months), but these minutes were destined to become stellar in Gagarin’s biography.
For his flight, Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin was awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union and “Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR”, awarded the Order of Lenin.
Two days later, Moscow welcomed the space hero. A crowded rally dedicated to the world's first space flight took place on Red Square. Thousands of people wanted to see Gagarin with their own eyes.
Already at the end of April, Yuri Gagarin went on his first trip abroad. The “peace mission,” as the first cosmonaut’s trip across countries and continents is sometimes called, lasted two years. Gagarin visited dozens of countries and met with thousands of people. Kings and presidents considered it an honor to meet him, politicians and scientists, artists and musicians...
...Fortunately for us, Yuri Alekseevich quickly recovered from star fever and began to devote more and more time to work at the Cosmonaut Training Center. Since May 23, 1961, Gagarin has been the commander of the cosmonaut corps. And already in the fall of 1961 he entered the Air Force Engineering Academy named after N.E. Zhukovsky to get a higher education.
The following years were very tense in Gagarin's life. Work on preparing new space flights and studying at the Academy took up a lot of time and effort. And there were (simply could not help but be!) numerous meetings with people, trips abroad, meetings with journalists. Their number did not decrease, even though the number of astronauts increased.
On December 20, 1963, Gagarin was appointed deputy head of the Cosmonaut Training Center.
But most of all he wanted to fly. He returned to flight training in 1963, and began preparing for a new space flight in the summer of 1966. In those years, the implementation of “ lunar program" One of those who began to prepare for the flight to the Moon was Gagarin. It’s not hard to guess how he wanted to be the first to go to our eternal companion. But that was still a long way off. For now, it was necessary to teach the Soyuz spacecraft to fly. The first test flight in a manned version was scheduled for April 1967. Vladimir Mikhailovich Komarov and Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin were preparing for it.
The fact that Komarov became the main pilot of the ship does not mean that he was better prepared. When this issue was being resolved, they decided to “save” Gagarin and not risk his life.
Everyone knows how the flight of the Soyuz-1 spacecraft ended. Speaking at a funeral meeting dedicated to the memory of Vladimir Komarov, his backup Yuri Gagarin promised that the cosmonauts would teach Soyuz to fly. In the end, this is what happened - the Soyuz are still flying. But this was done without Yuri Gagarin.
1968 was the last year in Gagarin's life. On February 17, he defended his diploma at the Academy named after N.E. Zhukovsky. He continued to prepare for new space flights.
With great difficulty, I obtained permission to fly the plane myself. The first such flight took place on March 27, 1968. And the last one... The plane crashed near the village of Novoselovo, Kirzhach district, Vladimir region.
The circumstances of that disaster have not been fully clarified. There are many versions, ranging from piloting error to alien intervention. But, no matter what happened that day, only one thing is clear - the first cosmonaut of planet Earth, Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin, died.
Three days later, the world said goodbye to its hero. Speaking at a funeral meeting on Red Square, President of the USSR Academy of Sciences M.V. Keldysh said: “Gagarin’s feat was a huge contribution to science; it opened a new era in the history of mankind - the beginning of human space flights, the road to interplanetary communications. The whole world appreciated this historical feat as a new grandiose contribution Soviet people for the cause of peace and progress." A crater on the Moon and a small planet are named after Gagarin.
Gagarin's flight lasted only 108 minutes, but it is not the number of minutes that determines the contribution to the history of space exploration. He was the first and will remain so forever..."
Every year on April 12, the whole world celebrates Cosmonautics Day. This is a real holiday that unites people all over the Earth in a common desire to understand what is beyond its borders. Events dedicated to this holiday were held in the district's libraries.
Central District Children's Library named after. Koshevoy invited her young readers to virtual trip on the Man in Space space station. The children were interested in learning the history of the creation of the first space stations, how preparations for flights take place, what astronauts eat in zero gravity, and what qualities are needed in order to go to the stars. A colorful multimedia presentation and a film about life on the space station complemented the librarian’s story.
From April 6 to April 12 at the Family Reading Center library space week has passed, dedicated to World Day astronautics.
On April 6, the children went on the space adventure “A Million Adventures” with Alisa Selezneva. Together with Alice, they learned about how man explored outer space and about the first animal astronauts. During the trip, the children worked together to solve crossword puzzles and solve space riddles.
On April 7 and 10, the guys went on a journey through the Solar System “Wonderful Family of Planets.” Children learned which planets are part of our solar system and studied the features of each. The meeting was especially enlivened by the information about our cosmic address – planet Earth. The children learned that in the family of the Sun, the Earth is unique - it is a fragile world, shrouded in water and oxygen, with an amazing diversity of life. At the end of the trip, the Teremok theater group showed the sketch “Cosmonautics Day,” which the children really liked.
On April 10, an hour of learning “They were the first: Alexey Leonov” was held in the library conference room, dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the first manned spacewalk. The guys (24 people) got acquainted with the book of the famous pilot-cosmonaut “I’m going into space”, the facts of the biography of Alexei Arkhipovich. Various surprises awaited them, for example, the guys were surprised to learn about Leonov’s passion for painting. He is the author of about 200 paintings and 5 art albums, including space landscapes.
Readers library named after V. Bianchi visited interactive lesson"Space spaces." The lesson was divided into several stages. At the beginning of the lesson, there was a story about the planets of the solar system and how to reinforce the material - an interactive crossword puzzle. Then the young explorers of the starry sky learned about the background of the development of cosmic thought, about K. Tsiolkovsky, S. Korolev, the first victories of Soviet science in space exploration (1st satellite, the flight of Belka and Strelka), problems in preparing the first man's flight into space. Yu. A. Gagarin's flight into space on April 12, 1961 was examined in detail. Further achievements of the USSR in space exploration (1st female cosmonaut, spacewalk), cosmonaut training programs, significance for the development of space exploration science. At the end of the lesson, the children took part in a big space quiz, with the help of which they consolidated their acquired knowledge in a playful way.
IN Library and leisure center a history lesson “Man Steps into Space” and a conversation-portrait “Son of the Earth and Stars” took place. The guys went on an exciting journey through time and space. Together with the librarian, we visited the origins of the development of astronautics, were present at the launch of the first satellite, and met four-legged “cosmonauts”. During the trip, photos of the planet's first cosmonaut, orbital station, etc. were shown. Children worked together to solve space problems and answer questions in the “Young Astronauts” quiz.
Cosmonautics Day
On April 12, Russia celebrates Cosmonautics Day to commemorate the first space flight accomplished by Yuri Gagarin on the Vostok spacecraft. This event marks its 55th anniversary in 2016. Libraries of the Bogotol region prepared and held various events dedicated to this significant date.
"Space Relay"
On April 12, the Bolshekosul Library hosted a “Space Relay Race” dedicated to Cosmonautics Day.
The purpose of this event: to expand children’s ideas about astronautics, to form a sense of patriotism through acquaintance with the great achievements of the Russian people, to develop Creative skills students through the use of game elements. 14 children attended the event.
The alternation of intellectual and sports and entertainment competitions made the event attractive for both boys and girls.
The librarians introduced the children to the history of the holiday, talked about the first cosmonaut Yu. A. Gagarin, the first manned flight in space which lasted only 108 minutes, but it was the most difficult and dangerous, and it was proven that a person can live and work in space. A little over an hour after this flight, Yuri Gagarin became the most famous person on the ground.
After this, the librarians invited the children to take part in the “Space Relay Race”. Two teams “Stargazers” and “Gagarinians” took part in it. The guys from each team competed for the title of “Best Star Squad”.
In the first competition, the children proved how friendly and harmonious the team is sound riding squad. The second competition revealed that the most erudite team in the field of astronautics was the “Stargazers” team.
The competitions “Carry a star on your head”, “Make a sun”, “Get into the spaceship hatch” showed how physically prepared the teams were. After all, the awkward and weak, as you know, are not accepted into the ranks of astronauts. The “Portrait of an Alien” competition showed what kind of inventors and dreamers these guys are.
All the tasks of our relay race were of a comic nature, so the most fun and friendly team “Stargazers” won. Commander Maxim Shriner showed how erudite his team is in matters of the space system.
At the end of the event, the guys were able to take pictures in a space rocket, but those who wanted to fly away to Mars on I haven’t been among those present all my life. The guys decided that there is nothing more expensive and nicer than our Earth.
A.N. Shelepenko
librarian,
ON .
Yanchenko
Head of Branch No. 5
B-Kosulskaya library
"Through hardship to the stars"
On April 12, the Krasnozavodsk library hosted an informational and educational game “Through Hardships to the Stars” for students in grades 3-4, dedicated to the Day astronautics.
The event began with a story from the head of the library, M.V. Panfilova, about the national holiday, about what now seems familiar to us, that spaceships are launching from Earth. In the high celestial distances, spacecraft dockings take place. Cosmonauts live and work in space stations for months, and automatic stations go to other planets.
You may ask, "What's so special about this?" But just recently they talked about space flights as science fiction. And on October 4, 1957, a new era began - the era of space exploration. On April 12, 1961, for the first time in the world, the first cosmonaut on the planet flew on the Vostok spacecraft. He was our citizen Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. The inhabitants of the Earth will always remember with gratitude the names of people who discovered a new sphere of human activity.
To the quiet melodies about astronautics, in poetic form, hosted by P. S. Zhiganova (representative social protection MBU KTSSON) and M.V. Panfilova told the story of the birth of astronautics. The children watched with great interest the presentation “Baikonur Cosmodrome”, from which they learned not only about the first cosmonauts, but also about famous designers, as well as about the first berth on the shore of the Universe, which became the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
Then all those present actively participated in the game program, dividing into two teams “Cosmos” and “Gagarinians”, the guys visited six space stations. Entertaining competitions: “What will we take with us into space”, “Space mysteries”, “Meeting with aliens”, “Competition of radio operators”, “Laboratory of designers”, “Space training”, “Meeting with aliens” raised the fighting spirit of the children. All participants were recognized as space experts.
The Gagarin team won, beating the Cosmos team by one point. Satisfied with their success, everyone received sweet prizes. This wonderful event has ended, but there are still many interesting meetings for children and teenagers ahead.
M.V. Panfilova
Head of Branch No. 9
Krasnozavodsk Library
Road to space
In a space rocket
With the name "East"
He is the first on the planet
I was able to rise to the stars.
Sings songs about it
Spring drops,
Will be together forever
Gagarin and April.
V. Stepanov
On this day 55 years ago, Yuri Gagarin made the first ever flight into space on the Vostok spacecraft. In honor of this holiday, the Crete Library held an event in the kindergarten “Road to Space”.
Before the start of the event, all the children were given anniversary emblems made by the library. Librarian Ksenia Aleksandrovna Lalyko invited preschoolers to go on a journey to the stars. She talked about the pioneers of the space age, how animals flew into space, how astronauts live and work on the International Space Station.
Before the start of the journey, the preschool children expressively read poems about space and astronauts. To become an astronaut, you need to have good health! The guys showed dexterity and dexterity in the “Physical Training” competition.
The children reinforced their knowledge about space with “cosmic riddles.” The children learned who was the first to fly into space, who was the first to go into outer space, and got acquainted with interesting facts about cosmonauts and their work in orbit, and also adopted Active participation in the exciting quiz “Cosmic ABC”. The improvisational game “Weightlessness” was fun, where children, accompanied by calm music, depicted the state of weightlessness in space. In the game "Constructors", the children had to assemble a model of a rocket for a while.
At the end of their space journey on the planet Moon, the children met the lunar resident Luntik. He played with them the outdoor game “Ten Sleepwalkers.” And they pleased him with a cheerful song “Let's fly to the moon.”
A colorful multimedia presentation and a film about life on the space station complemented the librarian’s story.
During the space travel, in a playful, accessible and popular form, preschoolers remembered the basic concepts about the structure of the Solar system, stars and constellations.
K. A. Lalyko
librarian of branch No. 13
Library of Crete
Oral journal " Amazing world space"
April 12 Krasnorechensk library arrived on a visit to the nursery garden with an oral journal “The Wonderful World of Space”.
The presenter of the oral magazine, Natalya Ivanovna Yanenko, told the story of the creation of the rocket, introduced her to the founders of space discoveries, to Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, who is called the father of astronautics. The children met Sergei Pavlovich Korolev- chief designer and organizer of rocket and space technology production.
Librarian Natalya Viktorovna Mikhailovskaya reviewed the literature on the topic “First in Space.” The children learned a lot about the first animals to fly into space, about the first cosmonauts and, of course, about Yuri Gagarin. The guys learned that in his childhood Yura was an ordinary child and dreamed of becoming a pilot. But the first profession that the future cosmonaut chose for himself was that of a metallurgist. 
Yuri Gagarin studied at the Saratov flying club, graduated with honors from the aviation school in Orenburg, then served in the Arctic, studied flying. He was the best in his studies, honest and decent, very brave. His confidence and optimism, his desire to conquer space, overcame all obstacles. The first manned space flight lasted only 108 minutes, but it was the most difficult and dangerous, and it was proven that man could live and work in space. A little over an hour after this flight, Yuri Gagarin became the most famous person on Earth.
Natalya Vladimirovna Maksimova presented a media presentation that talked about special clothing for an astronaut - a spacesuit, how the astronauts saw our planet, what the moon and planets of the solar system look like. The children enthusiastically took part in the “space quiz”; for each correct answer the children received a star.
N. V. Mikhailovskaya
librarian of branch No. 12
Krasnorechensk Library
“A mysterious connection with the stars”
On April 12, the Bulatov Library, together with the village club, held an educational and gaming program for children and teenagers, “A Mysterious Connection with the Stars,” aimed at introducing those present to such a science as astronautics and expanding children's horizons.
Librarian
The librarian also introduced the children to interesting facts from the biography of Yuri Gagarin.
The head of the club, N.A. Emelyanova, held a quiz about Space and competitions: “In the solar kingdom, the Space State”, “Man on the threshold of the Universe”, “Moonlight mosaic”, “Pioneer means first”. The children had fun solving space riddles.
At the end of the event, the librarian introduced the children to books about astronomy and stars, and congratulated everyone present on Cosmonautics Day.
M. A. Luzgina
librarian of branch No. 20
Bulatov Library
N. A. Emelyanova
Head of Bulatovsky SK
Marina Tsyplakova
Scenario of an event for Cosmonautics Day for older children preschool age"Journey into Space"
Scenario of the event for Cosmonautics Day.
Subject: « Journey into space» .
Target:
1. Expand your views children about astronautics.
2. Foster a sense of patriotism and pride for the Fatherland.
3. Organize competitive activities between teams.
4. Create active interaction among students in the team.
Equipment: portraits astronauts, an image of the planets of the solar system and famous constellations, cut-out pictures of a rocket, two balloons, rackets, demonstration material (slides about space, astronauts, Children's drawings).
Educator: Guys, who can guess what our topic will be dedicated to? event? (Answers children) .
The mysterious world of stars and planets has attracted the attention of people since ancient times. But it became closer and more accessible only with the penetration of man into space.
Let's see how this happened.
Video presentation
Aviation Day and astronautics is special, triumphant holiday! No wonder the whole world celebrates it!
Many centuries passed before humanity found a way to overcome gravity and rise to space. Guys, remember the fairy tales and legends. Whatever they flew on fairy-tale heroes! (Answers children) . (On bats and eagles, on flying carpets and wizards’ beards, on the Little Humpbacked Horse and magic arrows.).
The first who saw in a rocket a projectile capable of carrying earthlings into interplanetary space was the great Russian scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. The scientist carried out calculations, made drawings and came up with an aircraft that could fly beyond the Earth. But, unfortunately, he did not have such an opportunity. And only many years later another Russian scientist, S.P. Korolev, was able to design and manufacture the first space satellite.
On April 12, 1961, the world's first space flying with a person on board the ship. We had been preparing for this day for a very long time.
Scientists, test designers and people of many other professions were involved in preparing the great flight. Everything had to be taken into account, everything had to be foreseen in order for the flight to be successful. It took a long time to choose the pilot - astronaut.
And after much testing and discussion it was accepted solution: first in the world astronaut will become Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin.
Finally the decisive day arrived. April 12, 1961 Yuri Gagarin on spaceship"East" committed space flight. In 108 minutes, the satellite ship with the world's first astronaut circled the globe and returned safely to Earth. This was a powerful breakthrough in the development space!
And then there was a solemn meeting on Red Square. In a few hours, Yuri Gagarin became the most famous person in the world. When the government announcement about the great flight came over the radio, crowds of people filled the streets throughout the country. Everyone wanted to greet the world's first astronaut, Son of the Earth, Citizen of the Universe.
Valentina Tereshkova - the world's first woman- astronaut. To this day she remains the only woman to have committed solo space flight. She spent in almost three days in space.
It was originally planned to send to space two female crews at once, but later it was decided to abandon this idea.
Mine space flight B. Tereshkova committed on June 16, 1963. on the ship "Vostok-6". This was the sixth and last spaceship from the series"East". Start of ship B. Tereshkova did not happen at Baikonur "Gagarin site", but with a duplicate one.
45 years ago from launch vehicle launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome"Soyuz", on board which was spaceship"Voskhod-2". His crew consisted of two Human: ship commander Pavel Belyaev and co-pilot Alexey Leonov. The entire flight lasted a little more than a day, but it was a historic flight. During it - March 18, 1965, when the pilot astronaut Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov was the first of the earthlings to go beyond space ship and made the first man in history to go out into the open space.
Educator: Word " astronaut"appeared quite recently. On October 4, 1957, our rocket was launched into low-Earth orbit for the first time spacecraft made by human hands. And he began to revolve around the Earth, just as the Moon does. This is how the first one appeared artificial satellite. (Points to the satellite on the central wall.) Road to space was discovered.
Educator: Imagine being the future astronauts, and we're off to cosmodrome.
Charger:
We're going to cosmodrome,
We walk in step together.
We walk on our toes
We're walking on our heels.
They checked my posture.
And they pulled their shoulder blades together (walking on toes, on heels).
Let's run guys together -
We all need to warm up.
Educator: People have always wanted to know, is there life on other planets? And if there is, who lives there? But to find out, you need to fly to the planets. And now we can fly to space?
(Answers children) .
Educator: Let's build a rocket
Contest "Build a Rocket"
Educator: We assembled the rocket. And now we need to fly to space. But before we take off, let's stretch our fingers.
Finger gymnastics "House".
I want to build a house
(Fold your hands like a house and raise them above your head)
So that there is a window in it,
(Join the fingers of both hands into a circle)
So that the house has a door,
(Palms we connect our hands together vertically)
Nearby for a pine tree to grow.
(We raise one hand up and “spread” our fingers)
So that there is a fence around
The dog guarded the gate,
(We join our hands in a lock and make a circle in front of us)
It was sunny, it was raining,
(First, we raise our hands up, fingers “spread”. Then we lower our fingers down, making “shaking” movements)
And the tulip bloomed in the garden!
(Let's put it together palms and slowly open our fingers - “tulip bud”)
Educator: Well, let's go to journey? Crew take your seats, fasten your seat belts! Let's start counting the seconds until start.
Teacher and children together: Five! Four! Three! Two! One! Start!
Educator: Guys, we arrived on "Planet of Smarties".
1. Guys, what planet do we live on? (Earth).
2. First name astronaut flying into space? (Gagarin)
3. What were the names of the dogs that were the first to return from space? (Belka and Strelka).
4. What Yuri Gagarin said at the moment start? (Go)
5. Name spaceship, on which Gagarin went to space? ("East")
6. What is the protective suit called? astronaut? (space suit)
8. What is the name of the aircraft in which they fly space? (Spaceship) .
9. The fastest form of transport created on Earth? (Rocket).
10. How many minutes was Yuri Gagarin in space? (108 minutes)
11. What is the name of both the animal and the constellation? (Bear).
12. Give the first name astronaut who went into space. (A. Leonov).
Educator: Well done boys! All questions answered. And we leave this planet and go to another. And it's called "Sports". The inhabitants of this planet have prepared a relay race for us.
IN space any object weighs nothing. This state is called weightlessness. All items in space the ship is attached to its place. If this is not done, they will float freely. In such conditions, any person becomes a strongman. In zero gravity, not only a person, but also an object loses its weight. Now we will try to carry a balloon at arm's length on a racket.
Contest "Weightlessness".
Educator: And now we will do a short journey on all planets of the solar system. Let's name all the planets one by one. (Earth, Uranus, Neptune, Saturn, Venus, Mercury, Mars, Pluto, Jupiter). (Children name planets)
Physical exercise.
There lived an astrologer on the moon - ( "They're watching" into a telescope)
He kept track of the planets: (Point to the sky with your hand)
Mercury - once, (Describe a circle with your hands)
Venus two, (Cotton)
Three is earth, four is Mars, (Sit down)
Five - Jupiter, six - Saturn, (Tilt right-left)
Seven is Uranus, eight is Neptune, (Lean forward, bend back)
If you don't see it, get out! (Spread your arms to the sides)
Educator: Guys, while you and I were doing warm-ups, our ship landed on the planet "Riddles".
1. Among the blue field -
The bright shine of a large fire.
The fire moves slowly here,
It goes around Mother Earth,
There is a cheerful light shining in the window.
Well of course it is. (Sun).
2. On clear nights
A mother and her daughters are walking.
She doesn't tell her daughters:
Go to bed, it's late! -
Because mother is the moon,
And the daughters. (stars).
3. She spread her scarlet tail,
Flew off into a flock of stars.
Our people built this
Interplanetary... (rocket).
4. He is not a pilot, not a pilot,
He's not flying a plane,
And a huge rocket.
Children, who, tell me, is this? (astronaut)
5. In the evening, look at window:
It's already dark outside,
A light bulb is visible in the sky,
It's called. (moon).
E. Uspensky
6. Everyone has their own Houses:
Stories have volumes
There are clothing stores,
Cabbage and pears have baskets,
Animals have a zoo,
The cars have their own fleet.
Everything that is in this world,
Has a home on the planet.
And the planet, I know,
It's called. (Earth).
7. What kind of ceiling is this?
Sometimes he is low, sometimes he is high,
Sometimes he is gray, sometimes he is whitish.
It's a little bit bluish.
And sometimes so beautiful -
Lace and blue - blue! (Sky)
8. From which ladle?
They don't drink, they don't eat
Do they only look at him? (Big Dipper)
Educator: Astronauts must be very careful. Let's check your gaming-jumping-leap energy and cosmic mindfulness! If I I'll shout: "Jump", - then you, jumping up, loudly and unanimously respond: "Jump!". What if I I'll shout: "Jump!", - then you all jump up and answer: "Jump". Do you remember? Begin!
A game "Confusion : jump and gallop"
Educator: Well, guys, it’s time to return to our planet Earth. We're flying back. We fly with you past the constellations. What constellations do you know? (Answers children) . Now let's connect each star with a line and see what the drawing looks like.
Contest "Guess the constellation".
Educator: Our flight is over! Thanks to all! Open the hatch! Get out of the rocket! Congratulations on your successful return to Earth. At the end of the flight each the astronaut needs to eat. To remember the flight, I present you with sweet prizes.