On October 24, 2007, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a law introducing a two-level higher education system in Russia.
Law "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts" Russian Federation(in terms of establishing levels of higher professional education)" makes appropriate amendments to the Law of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1992 "On Education" (as amended on January 13, 1996), to the Federal Law of August 22, 1996 "On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education ", in the law of the Russian Federation of July 6, 2006 "On amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the reduction of the period military service on call."
According to Article 6 of the Federal Law "On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education" in the Russian Federation the following levels of higher professional education are established: higher professional education, confirmed by the assignment of a bachelor’s qualification (degree) to a person who has successfully passed the final certification; higher professional education, confirmed by the assignment of the qualification “certified specialist” to a person who has successfully passed the final certification; higher professional education, confirmed by the assignment of a master's qualification (degree) to a person who has successfully passed the final certification.
The time frame for mastering the main educational programs of higher professional education is: for obtaining a qualification (degree) “bachelor”, no less than four years; to obtain the qualification "certified specialist" for at least five years, except in cases provided for by the relevant state educational standards; To obtain a Master's qualification (degree) it takes at least six years.
Persons who have received state-issued documents on higher professional education at a certain level have the right, in accordance with the received area of training (specialty), to continue their studies in the educational program of higher professional education at the next level.
Mastery by a person of an educational program of higher professional education at the corresponding level in higher education educational institution, having state accreditation, is the basis for him to occupy a certain position in a state or municipal organization, receive an official salary and allowances thereto. For persons who have completed educational programs of higher medical and higher pharmaceutical education, the basis for their occupation of these positions is the initial one-year postgraduate training (internship), confirmed by certificates of the established form.
The qualification “bachelor” upon entering a job gives a citizen the right to occupy a position for which qualification requirements higher professional education is provided.
According to Article 7 of the Federal Law “On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education”, persons who have completed training in educational programs higher and postgraduate professional education and those who have passed the final certification are issued documents on appropriate education. The following types of documents are established that certify the completion of higher professional education at various levels: bachelor's diploma; specialist diploma with higher professional education; master's degree; diploma of incomplete higher professional education; certificate of the established form about unfinished higher professional education.
According to the Ministry of Education, bachelor students will be taught basic professions, the number of which will be reduced from 120 to 60-100. According to the explanations of the Ministry of Education, the bachelor's degree provides for the training of qualified ordinary employees who will be able to occupy positions related to the implementation of executive functions in the production or socio-economic sphere, for example, to be line managers, sales specialists, administrators, engineers, journalists, etc.
The master's program will prepare specialists capable of solving the most complex problems professional activity(nuclear engineer, television journalist), etc. Masters and specialists will be prepared for research activities and independent analytical work, based on the personnel needs of the economy and social sphere. Innovations will not affect medical faculties medical universities and perhaps some creative majors.
Higher education has the goal of ensuring the training of highly qualified personnel in all main areas of socially useful activities in accordance with the needs of society and the state, satisfying the needs of the individual in intellectual, cultural and moral development, deepening and expanding education, scientific and pedagogical qualifications.
Persons with secondary general education are allowed to study bachelor's or specialty programs.
Persons with higher education of any level are allowed to study master's programs.
Persons with an education of at least higher education(specialty or master's degree). Persons with a higher education degree are allowed to study residency programs medical education and (or) higher pharmaceutical education. Persons with a higher education in the field of arts are allowed to participate in assistantship-internship programs.
Admission to educational programs of higher education is carried out separately for bachelor's degree programs, specialty programs, master's programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies), residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs on a competitive basis, unless otherwise provided this Federal Law.
Admission to master's programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies), residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs is carried out based on the results entrance examinations conducted by the educational organization independently.
Applicants to study in higher education programs have the right to provide information about their individual achievements, the results of which are taken into account by these educational organizations upon admission in accordance with the procedure established in accordance with Part 8 of Article 55 of this Federal Law.
Studying in the following educational programs of higher education is a second or subsequent higher education:
- 1) for bachelor's degree programs or specialty programs - by persons who have a bachelor's degree, a specialist's diploma or a master's degree;
- 2) for master’s programs - by persons who have a specialist’s diploma or a master’s diploma;
- 3) for residency programs or assistantship-internship programs - by persons who have a diploma of completion of residency or a diploma of completion of assistantship-internship;
- 4) for training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel - by persons who have a diploma of completion of postgraduate studies (postgraduate studies) or a diploma of a candidate of sciences.
1. Higher education has the goal of ensuring the training of highly qualified personnel in all main areas of socially useful activities in accordance with the needs of society and the state, satisfying the needs of the individual in intellectual, cultural and moral development, deepening and expanding education, scientific and pedagogical qualifications.
2. Persons with secondary general education are allowed to study bachelor’s or specialist’s programs.
3. Persons with higher education of any level are allowed to study master's programs.
4. Persons with an education of at least higher education (specialist’s or master’s degree) are allowed to master training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct), residency programs, and assistantship-internship programs. Persons with a higher medical education and (or) a higher pharmaceutical education are allowed to study residency programs. Persons with a higher education in the field of arts are allowed to participate in assistantship-internship programs.
5. Admission to educational programs of higher education is carried out separately for bachelor's degree programs, specialty programs, master's programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies), residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs on a competitive basis, unless otherwise not provided for by this Federal Law.
6. Admission to master’s programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct), residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs is carried out based on the results of entrance tests conducted by the educational organization independently.
7. Applicants to study in educational programs of higher education have the right to provide information about their individual achievements, the results of which are taken into account by these educational organizations during admission in accordance with the procedure established in accordance with Part 8.
8. Studying in the following educational programs of higher education constitutes obtaining a second or subsequent higher education:
1) for bachelor's degree programs or specialty programs - by persons who have a bachelor's degree, a specialist's diploma or a master's degree;
2) for master’s programs - by persons who have a specialist’s diploma or a master’s diploma;
3) for residency programs or assistantship-internship programs - by persons who have a diploma of completion of residency or a diploma of completion of assistantship-internship;
4) for training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel - by persons who have a diploma of completion of postgraduate studies (postgraduate studies) or a diploma of a candidate of sciences.
1. Higher education has the goal of ensuring the training of highly qualified personnel in all main areas of socially useful activities in accordance with the needs of society and the state, satisfying the needs of the individual in intellectual, cultural and moral development, deepening and expanding education, scientific and pedagogical qualifications.
2. Persons with secondary general education are allowed to study bachelor’s or specialist’s programs.
3. Persons with higher education of any level are allowed to study master's programs.
4. Persons with an education of at least higher education (specialist’s or master’s degree) are allowed to master training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct), residency programs, and assistantship-internship programs. Persons with a higher medical education and (or) a higher pharmaceutical education are allowed to study residency programs. Persons with a higher education in the field of arts are allowed to participate in assistantship-internship programs.
5. Admission to educational programs of higher education is carried out separately for bachelor's degree programs, specialty programs, master's programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies), residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs on a competitive basis, unless otherwise not provided for by this Federal Law.
6. Admission to master’s programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct), residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs is carried out based on the results of entrance tests conducted by the educational organization independently.
7. Applicants to study in educational programs of higher education have the right to provide information about their individual achievements, the results of which are taken into account by these educational organizations during admission in accordance with the procedure established in accordance with Part 8 of Article 55 of this Federal Law.
8. Studying in the following educational programs of higher education constitutes obtaining a second or subsequent higher education:
1) for bachelor's degree programs or specialty programs - by persons who have a bachelor's degree, a specialist's diploma or a master's degree;
2) for master’s programs - by persons who have a specialist’s diploma or a master’s diploma;
3) for residency programs or assistantship-internship programs - by persons who have a diploma of completion of residency or a diploma of completion of assistantship-internship;
4) for training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel - by persons who have a diploma of completion of postgraduate studies (postgraduate studies) or a diploma of a candidate of sciences.
Good afternoon In accordance with Article 69 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation":
Article 69. Higher education
1. Higher education has the goal of ensuring the training of highly qualified personnel in all main areas of socially useful activities in accordance with the needs of society and the state, satisfying the needs of the individual in intellectual, cultural and moral development, deepening and expanding education, scientific and pedagogical qualifications.
2. Persons with secondary general education are allowed to study bachelor’s or specialist’s programs.
3. Persons with higher education of any level are allowed to study master's programs.
4. Persons with an education of at least higher education (specialist’s or master’s degree) are allowed to master training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct), residency programs, and assistantship-internship programs. Persons with a higher medical education and (or) a higher pharmaceutical education are allowed to study residency programs. Persons with a higher education in the field of arts are allowed to participate in assistantship-internship programs.
5. Admission to educational programs of higher education is carried out separately for bachelor's degree programs, specialty programs, master's programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies), residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs on a competitive basis, unless otherwise not provided for by this Federal Law.
6. Admission to master’s programs, training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct), residency programs, as well as assistantship-internship programs is carried out based on the results of entrance tests conducted by the educational organization independently.
7. Applicants to study in educational programs of higher education have the right to provide information about their individual achievements, the results of which are taken into account by these educational organizations during admission in accordance with the procedure established in accordance with Part 8 of Article 55 of this Federal Law.
Information about changes:
Federal Law of December 31, 2014 N 500-FZ, Part 8 of Article 69 of this Federal Law is stated in a new edition
See the text of the part in the previous edition
8. Studying in the following educational programs of higher education constitutes obtaining a second or subsequent higher education:
1) for bachelor's degree programs or specialty programs - by persons who have a bachelor's degree, a specialist's diploma or a master's degree;
2) for master’s programs - by persons who have a specialist’s diploma or a master’s diploma;
GUARANTEE:
Persons who have a higher professional education, confirmed by the assignment of the qualification “certified specialist”, have the right to be accepted on a competitive basis for training in master’s programs, which is not considered as receiving by these persons a second or subsequent higher education
3) for residency programs or assistantship-internship programs - by persons who have a diploma of completion of residency or a diploma of completion of assistantship-internship;
4) for training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel - by persons who have a diploma of completion of postgraduate studies (postgraduate studies) or a diploma of a candidate of sciences.