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Valentina Vasilyevna Piouogide. The development of the structures of consciousness as a factor of personal growth of university students: dis. ... Cand. psychol. Sciences: 19.00.13: Taganrog, 2002 164 C. RGB OD, 61: 03-19 / 257-5

Introduction

I. The problem of self-examination of the structures of consciousness in the light of the achievements of modern science 9

1.1. Conceptual apparatus and research methodology 9

1.2. Scientific revolutions and their mapping in solving the problem of expanding the structures of consciousness 46

1.3. Religious consciousness in the development and professional formation of personality 56

1.4. Conclusions 60.

II. Expansion of the structures of consciousness and identity development in educational systems 63

2.1. Displaying the problem of consciousness in the religions and beliefs of the world 63

2.2. Psychotechnologies of the development of consciousness in religious practice 79

2.3. Conclusions 112.

III. Experimental study on the problem of self-examination of the structures of consciousness considered as a factor in optimization of cognitive processes 115

3.1. Planning and formulation of experiment 115

3.2. Experiment results and discussion 119

3.4. Conclusions 148.

Conclusion

Introduction to work

Relevance- The declared approach to the awareness of the primacy of universal values \u200b\u200band establishing their primacy over pragmatics of everyday life for its implementation requires, first of all, as prescribed by law, the inclusion in this process of higher education system, where the professional development and development of the personality of future implementers of new social attitudes and ideas is carried out. .

Cardinal changes in the field of politics, economics, ideology, public morality, which occur in our country, attract close attention of scientists from different specialties. Opinions and discussions of leading economists, lawyers, historians, sociologists are widely known. Psychological analysis of what consequences in the internal organization of the person led the past years: a sharp change in the value orientation, an increase in the number of mental depression and neurosis, the phenomenon of personality deadaptation, a sharp increase in the level of aggressiveness - still remains not complete (Bratus B.S., 1990 ). At the same time, in our opinion, the increased aspects of social reconstructions can be attributed to the increased interest of wide masses to the topic of spirituality, pushing researchers to analyze the concepts of faith, humanity, meaning of life, etc. (Bratus B.S., Zelichenko A.I., Komarov Yu.S., Kotova I.B., Non-Qurable A.V., Polycarpov BC, Torchinov E.A., Ugrinovich D.M., Cheefrans V.V. ., Shiyanov E.N., Yablokov, I.N. et al.).

In the conditions of changing the ideological platform of social relations, all forces that determine the dynamics of social development have been activated by the integration of many views on the nature of the person and the world order as a whole, the economic principle in the management began to play

a more significant role was manifested in interest in humanistic areas in the sphere of human sciences.

In connection with these changes, the need to search and implement new concepts of education, which, on the one hand, would meet the needs of the modern development of civilization, and on the other hand, would have turned to the spiritual and moral, historical and cultural characteristics of the Company. These processes affect a large range of problems associated with both the analysis of the already underlined educational systems and the search for new ways of formation and professional growth of the person, which should afford to understand the personality understanding accumulated in various spheres of spiritual activities: literature, art, religion and religion and Dr.

The sphere of religion is of particular interest due to a number of reasons.

Religion, being a span of culture, as is well known, has an opposite effect on various areas of public being (including science). In addition, the emergence and transformation of the identity idea in Russian psychology is due to the features of the historical development of the country, among which the situation and the role in the society of Orthodox Christianity (Kotova IB) stands out. And finally, the important characteristic of the last decade is the change in the relationship to religion from the state and society, as well as a surge of religiosity in various layers of the population, which is confirmed by numerous sociological studies.

Studies conducted within the framework of philosophy, ethnology, sociology, pedagogy and various sectors of psychology show that it was within the framework of various religions and a rich empirical material was accumulated and fixed, a thousand-year wisdom was concentrated (Bulgakov S.N., Karpov V.N., Nessel ., Uncompressive A.V., BC polycarpov, Solovyov BC, Yurkevich P.D. And many others).

In our opinion, the study of the life of A. Einstein, R. Monroe, F. Capra, D.I. Mendeleeva, A. Kekkule and many others lead to the illusion of the emergence of the contradiction between the fact that they were scientists, but at the same time paid special attention to religion - the "unscientific" sphere in the field of world-world. The presence of this contradiction is the essence. problems of research- show the possibility of using students of the university psychotechnology from the field of spiritual practices to achieve educational, professional and, finally personal peaks. Solving this problem and is purpose of the study.

Object of study- Development and professional formation of a person in the educational system.

Subject of study- The influence of the structural expansion of consciousness on the development of the personality and the professional formation of a student of a technical university.

In accordance with the purpose of the object and the subject of the study, a number of assumptions were nominated as a hypotheses of the study.

Hypothesis Research:

1. Modern level of development of natural and humanitarian sciences
Allows you to justify theoretically and introduce a number into the structure of scientific knowledge.
elements of the science of centuries-old experience
use by man psychotechnologies from the field of spiritual practices for
Personality development goals.

2. The study of psychotechnologies from the field of spiritual practitioner will allow
identify optimization factors, efficiency and acceleration criteria,
Processes of personal and professional growth of students studying in
educational systems of universities.

3. Activation of self-knowledge processes, in particular, learning
Students of the space of states and structure of consciousness will allow you to find

new keys to more efficient identity development and improving all parties to the educational process aimed at achieving vocational skill students.

To prove the hypotheses extended, the following were delivered. research tasks:

Examine the conceptual apparatus and substantiate research methodology.

Conduct the theoretical analysis of philosophical and psychological literature, the subject of the study of which is the space of states and the structure of consciousness. Explore the problem of consciousness and methods of its expansion in the religions of the world.

To identify the relationship of religious experience with the tasks of modern education.

To conduct an experimental study on the problem of the space of states and structures of consciousness using psychothechnologies developed in the field of spiritual practices considered as a factor in optimizing cognitive processes.

To summarize the results and formulate practical recommendations that ensure the effectiveness of personality development in educational systems.

Theoretical methodological basisresearch was: the fundamental provisions of philosophy (Andreev D., Berdyaev N.A., Kant I., Confucius, Kiselev G.S., Lezov C, Mamardashvili K., Roerich E.I., Senokosov Yu.P., Solovyov in ., Shleiermacher F., Schopenhauer A., \u200b\u200bFeyerbach L. and others); The results of modern studies of domestic and foreign psychologists in the field of study of consciousness (Adler A., \u200b\u200bWundt V., Vygotsky LS, Vertgaymer M., Leontyev A.N., Nalimov V.V., Nisser W., Titchiner E., Freud 3., Fromm E., Jung K.G. and others); Fundamental provisions of psychology

personality (Asmolov A.G., Abulkhanova K.A., Berezina T.N., Kossov B.B., Kotova I.B., Leontiev A.N., Non-Qubiznaya A.V., Petrovsky V.A., Slavskaya A.N., Shiyanov E.A. And others); The provisions of religious science and psychology of religion (Vivekananda C, Grof S, Govinda A., Demin V.N., James W., Kudryavtsev V.V., Torchinov E.A., Tokarev S.A., Mill D., Eliad M . other).

The following methods were used to solve the tasks and checks of the test hypotheses:

study and theoretical analysis of philosophical, psychological and pedagogical literature on the problem;

analysis of confessional sources and documentary materials;

empirical study of religious consciousness using the Methodology "Interpersonal (transpersonal) interactions";

mathematical methods in psychology;

new information technology data processing;

Research base.Studies were conducted on the basis of the Taganrog State Radio Engineering University. In total, 110 students participated in the study, as well as 10 teachers.

Source base researchthe works of Russian and foreign scientists, devoted to the problems of the psychology of religion, the peculiarities of various approaches to the allocation of elements of religious consciousness; Scientific and educational publications on the improvement of the effectiveness of the personal growth of students in the educational systems of the technical university; Textbooks and textbooks for pedagogical psychology, abstracts, doctoral and candidate dissertations on the topic under study.

6 Scientific novelty and theoretical significanceresearch is as follows:

1. From the position of the integration of natural science and humanistic
Knowledge considered and analyzed the results of domestic and
foreign studies in the state of consciousness and applied
Psychotechnology from the field of spiritual practices.

2. It was proposed to define the concept of "religious consciousness",
Formulated in the context of an integration approach.

3. The possibility of using psychothechnologies from the region is shown
spiritual practices for the self-examination of the structures of consciousness as a factor
Enhance the effectiveness of personality and professional growth of students
university.

Practical significanceresearch is that the dissertation materials can be used:

in the educational process for further study of the history and theory of acmeology, developmental psychology, psychology of religion;

students are offered tested psychotechnologies aimed at achieving them with new results in their personal and vocational growth;

as a source database in lecture courses for psychological and other humanitarian faculties of universities, to form psychological competence of social workers and education workers;

In addition, a computer diagnostic program is proposed to assess the states of consciousness of university students.

Reliability and reasonablenessthe results and conclusions of the study were provided by a variety of research procedures and receptions, the reliability of the results achieved by using a wide range of methods that have passed the approbation, as well as mathematical analysis of the results obtained.

Approbation and implementation of work results.

The results of the study reported and received a positive assessment.
On the 2nd International Scientific Conference "Psychological and Pedagogical
Problems of personality formation in educational systems "(Moscow,
1999), on the 2nd All-Russian Scientific Internet Conference "Social
Psychological problems of personality development "(Tambov, Tambovsky
State University, 2001), in the second international scientific
Practical Conference "Formation of Professional Culture
specialists of the XXI century at the Technical University "(St. Petersburg,
Humanitarian Faculty of St. Petersburg State

technical University, 2002); work "Information system
Psychological testing of students for conducting

psychodiagnostic selection and psychological correction of mental development "was presented to participate in the RGHF competition, 2001.

The results of the study allowed to formulate the main provisions endowed with the defense.

1. B.the conditions for the integration of natural-scientific and humanitarian knowledge appeared the possibility of a scientific substantiation of the feasibility of using educational psychothechnologies from the field of spiritual practices, such as psychotechnics to expand the structures of consciousness; exteriorization of sensitivity; experiencing the state of unity into the subject of subject interaction; Reflection of the processes of expanding the structures of consciousness and others.

2. The use of psychotechnologies for the development of consciousness designated in paragraph 1,
possible when working with students of a technical university for the purpose of their personal
development and professional growth.

3. Improving the level of self-examination of the space of states and
Conscious structures should be aimed at overcoming students
Difficulties of personal and professional growth against the background of preservation
traditional educational systems of methods of knowledge, as well as on
Formation in the consciousness of Students Installations for a positive change
Value orientation in an acmeological context.

Structure and scope of work.Thesis reflects the logic, content and results of the study. The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusions, a list of literature. The main content of the thesis is set out on 165 pages of machine-visiting text, contains 4 tables, 6 drawings.

Conceptual apparatus and research methodology

Today in our society intensified interest in religion. "Perhaps this is a temporary phenomenon caused by the overall confusion during the formation of a market economy. But no matter how we treated modern religious searches, it is impossible not to admit that they have deep roots. The idea of \u200b\u200ba modern cultural person looked, with caution, but still comes to a large question that can no longer be named otherwise as soon as a religious question "[1].

In addition, the interest in religion has increased, the interest of psychologists, sociologists, philosophers and representatives of other areas to extraceveneous and on the biological aspects of the human phenomenon has increased. Psychologists turned to an in-depth study of the highest acts of the body's livelihoods with full respect for the specifics of the personality of a person as a holistic being. They adopted a wide variety of methods and techniques to expand the sphere of perceptions, mobilizing creative opportunities, generally consider a person as a creative being, and not just a "social animal", as Aristotle said.

According to K.V. Semericok in the work "Humanistic and transpersonal psychology", it was in humanistic and transpersonal psychology that science first understood the person as a microcosm and perceived as unconditional value. Moreover, adherents of these currents identified a person as a creature, incessantly developing in accordance with their internal laws. And in a completely different level, an ancient idea about the boundless nature of the microcosmosis was rethought, which posted the beginning of a purely scientific study of the "inland universes" of individuals.

"Religion" - comes from the Latin word Religio, which means piety, piousness, shrine, the object of the cult.

American pragmatist William James urged that the "center around which religious life rotates ... is a man's care of his personal fate." He believed that religion needs a person to feel more safe in unreliable, complete accidents of the universe, needed as a source of additional forces in the vitality. Religion is true for the individual, since it is "useful" for him, according to James's concept.

Together with the activation of interest in religion, there is a certain disconnection of research on the issue of elements of religion, its functions, as well as the role of religious consciousness as a component of the element of religion. The purpose of this chapter is to characterize the conceptual apparatus of all work. Many researchers: philosophers, psychologists, religious scientists, sociologists, theologians - engaged in the issue of the phenomenon of religion, and attempted to allocate elements of religion.

Some of them allocate faith, as the basis of any religion "the basis of religion is the feelings as the deepest source of religion, and the philosophical and theological constructions are only a secondary superstructure similar to the translation of the original on someone else's language." Kudryavtsev V.V., exploring the phenomenon of religion, leads it to faith in God. "Faith in God should help a person by individual efforts to best arrange a personal destiny, because there is God, the tragedy of the evil and the deprival of a person in this world is only temporal and partial." "If God was not, he would have to come up with", "Voltaire." Not only Kudryavtsev V.V. Determines and sees faith in God as the basis of any religion.

According to the definition of an intelligent dictionary, "faith" is a conviction, deep confidence in which or in another, a narrower sense of the lubricacy in the existence of God, the Higher Divine Forces.

It is possible that any faith, including religious, is a deal of transaction, which a person's mind concludes with his own subconscious. At the same time, the intellectual part of consciousness voluntarily agrees not to make critical comments to certain phenomena in exchange for a number of advantage of self-confidence and the surrounding world, positive emotions and mental comfort.

"Vera is an opportunity to act in the conditions of information deficit. It implies confidence that from the theoretical point of view can still cause doubt, and since the Meril of Faith serves readiness for action, it can be said that faith is ready to act for the sake of purpose, the successful achievement of which is not guaranteed to us forward, "wrote Famous American psychologist U. James.

This can be added that faith is knowledge that does not require evidence. Apparently, a person is so arranged that he cannot do without faith (not necessarily religious), as he is just forced to "take on the faith" most of the information received.

Vera is not the only element of religion. Speaking about the causes of religion, it is possible to add that the essence of any religion is fear and the most lively and deep in it, namely, a religious experience.

Most of the researchers of primitive crops believe that the fear of primitive people in front of the world was one of the most important reasons for the creation of religion.

Scientific revolutions and their mapping in solving the problem of expanding the structures of consciousness

An important characteristic of the last decade is to change the attitude towards religion by the state and society, as well as a surge of religiosity in various layers of the population, which is confirmed by numerous sociological research.

According to B.C. Polycarpova "It was within the framework of various religions and a rich empirical material was accumulated and fixed, a thousand-year wisdom was concentrated, which is not enough now, in the era of the scientific and technical revolution."

Such a convergent connection of religion and scientific and technological progress is natural, since the human civilization is neglected both with various religious denominations and technical revolutions. At the moment it is quite difficult to determine which components of this connection plays a fundamental role.

It is significant that the non-classical path of theoretical research and the modern ideal of the empirical substantiation of the theory largely was the result of understanding and philosophical analysis of the processes, which were already manifested in classical natural science in connection with the acceleration of the pace of development of science.

We add that modern civilization is inextricably linked with the achievements of science based on systematic deployment of theoretical studies. Science revolutionizes not only the sphere of production, but also has an impact on many other spheres of human activity, starting to regulate them, rebuilding their means and methods.

The sphere of human activity includes humanization of education, formation and development of personality and other elements. All this is within the competence of pedagogical psychology, which cannot neglect the experience of an understanding of the person, accumulated in various spheres of spiritual production: literature, art, religion and others. It is the sphere of religion in terms of understanding of the personality of particular interest.

In addition to a surge of religiosity of the population, which is observed both in Russia and in other countries, research sociological and psychological shows a sharp change in the value orientation, the phenomenon of personality deadaption, frustration, the spread of suicides. All this causes the need to appeal to humanistic, moral landmarks in the process of formation and development of the individual.

Speaking about the spheres of spiritual production, it is necessary to add that an attempt to identify spiritual activities with activities in the field of culture and art can be acceptable only if we identify the concept of "culture" with the Sanskrit concept of "cult hurry", that is, with the ministry - True knowledge. In all other cases, this identification is not viewed, because it cannot be attributed to the field of spiritual those human "weaknesses", which inherent in most representatives of the world of art. Roughly speaking, it is impossible to say that a person is spiritually developed only because he participates in theatrical life or mastered musical instruments. The clarification of this is necessary, since too often attempts to deform the meaning of high concepts are being made.

True spirituality is the result of expanding consciousness to such an extent that allows you to act in all three worlds: the world of feelings, forms and he-forms (in turn, the world of the form includes a region of a clean form, that is, an undischarged perception subject). Considering these worlds, that is, corresponding to the levels of development of consciousness, it can be found that Western psychology in his genesis went through a gradual, consistent development of these worlds, unfortunately denying the existence of that "world space", with which he could still not get acquainted His infant age and the corresponding limited ability to perceive and the logical understanding of many phenomena born in unknown spaces of higher worlds - levels of development of consciousness.

But the problem of scientific research of such activity is that theoretically impossible to describe the open system of infinite ability tools of any, including the scientific language of any level. That is why science operates only by models, that is, theoretical objects, always considering the integer in parts.

It is this fact that encourages to talk about the problem of attracting unscientific funds to solve scientific tasks to which the tasks of the education and development of the individual. And the development of religious consciousness at the student is actually a forced measure due to increasing actualization of the contradiction between the growing volume of the information necessary as a specialist and actual restrictions in the development of the consciousness of an ordinary graduate of the modern university.

The most vivid understanding of this problem was carried out in the United States in the years 50-60 years. It was during this period that numerous institutions of Eastern philosophy and psychology began to be created on the territory of America, for the implementation of the tasks of which tens of thousands of Eastern scientists were involved. The result was awesome. The creation of institutions with the involvement of direct carriers of Eastern philosophy and psychology in their work led to the fact that transpersonal psychology has become a rapid development, which is more than a hundred scientific periodic journals. Note that in the modern rapidly changing world, the human problem becomes special acute. And although in the US, 187 magazines are published, the printing work of a psychological orientation, this is not an indication that the problems that have arisen are successfully solved

Displaying the problem of consciousness in religions and beliefs of the world

To solve the fundamental problem, the psyche levels were attracted by such concepts as "congenital ideas" (R. Descarten), "Archetype collective unconscious" (K. Jung), "cosmic unconscious" (Suzuki), "Space Conscious" (E. Fromm), "The unconscious as a speech of another (J. Lacan), collective ideas (E. Durkheim, L. Levi-Bruhl) and" unconscious structures "(K. Levi-Strauss, M. Fouco).

A fundamentally different approach to solving this problem is offered in studies of an outstanding thinker V.I. Vernadsky. If all the above authors as a reference point for understanding Nadindividual subconscious phenomena elect a separate individual, T.I. Vernadsky sees a source of manifestation of a new reality reality in the collective unconscious work of mankind. He calls this reality reality - noosphere.

Note that within our work, the most interesting works of one of the modern psychologists involved in the study of levels of consciousness, K.G. Cabin boy.

According to Jung, "The most deeply lying layer in which we can penetrate the study of the unconscious is the place where a person is no longer distinguished by individuality, but where its mind is mixed and expanding to the sphere of universal mind, not conscious, and unconscious, in Which we are all the same. " Studying the psychology of primitive people, it can be noted that in their thinking the most vivid fact is the lack of distinction between individuals, the coincidence of the subject with the object.

Primitive thinking expresses the main structure of our mind, the psychological layer, which in us is a collective unconscious, that underlying level that everyone has the same. Here we are not aware of what is happening with us. In the bottom of the underlying collective level, integrity reigns, and no analysis is impossible here.

We offer a scheme - the structure of the mental being of a person developed by the K.G. Jung.

(I) Exopsychic sphere - the feeling, with its help, a person receives information about the external world; Thinking - on the basis of information received from the senses, a person gives the subject name; The feeling - which will be accompanied by his observations; Intuition - with its help, a person realizes where those or other phenomena come from and what can happen to them in the future. Ii) an endopsychic sphere - memory; Function controlled by the will, affects; invasion. (Iii) Personal unconscious - a certain threshold in the sphere of unconscious, this is part of the psyche containing those elements that can be conscious. Iv) Collective unconscious - analyzing dreams, symptoms of fantasies of neurotypes or ordinary people, you can penetrate the scope of the unconscious, thereby crossing this artificial threshold.

And, sooner or later, "all sciences of the humanized direction are faced with the problem of axiomatics, that is, the choice of those fundamentally unoccupied on the modern level of development of the science of provisions, which determine the initial position of the researcher, the view in which it considers the objects studied and objects. This position sets the dimensionality of the information space in which the researcher is placed, determining with the help of an axiomatics system not only the strategy and direction of research, but also their range - the width of the entire spectrum of the problems of humanity and the depth of penetration into their essence. .

In the field of studies of the psychic and man as a whole, it is possible to observe the situation when Western scientific thought was represented by Eastern psychology as mythology and considered it not otherwise as the fruit of the imagination of intellectually underdeveloped mankind, who experienced the fear of the inappropriate powerful forces of nature and therefore degenerable them.

But with the development of scientific thought, the attitude towards Eastern psychology gradually changes, and it becomes an inexhaustible source of "discoveries" for modern psychology. So, K. Jung becomes Western "author" ideas about the "collective unconscious, whose age in Eastern tradition is calculated by thousands of years; Inspired by early Buddhism, German psychologists create a "new" direction in psychology - Gestalt psychology; Schulz, having studied in India the foundations of Raja Yoga, "invents" autotraining psychotechnic; Weaving to the West mysticism from Tibet, India, Japan and China give a powerful impetus to development in the west of transpersonal psychology and so on and the like

As a result, any psychological problem should be considered integrally from two positions: Western and Eastern. Each position corresponds to its own axiomatics of human science.

Speaking about the differences in the Western and Eastern approach in the field of human research, the consciousness is considered as a function of the brain. This axiom of the human limb in all his hints.

Eastern tradition speaks about the idea of \u200b\u200ban infinite person, that is, that a person in its essence has a property of continuity (continuality) in space and time, its essence is consciousness, and the bodily shape is one of its means of installation and maintenance of relations with the world - a derivative Or, as they say in the East, the shadow of man. .

Planning and setting the experiment

The empirical part of the study was carried out in several stages.

The first stage of the study was carried out in April - May 2001 and was to approbate the methodology of the value orientation (CSC) M. Rokich on the students of the TRP of the Department of Psychology II and III courses, and a comparative analysis of the results of the methodology in the framework of the research tasks was carried out (total number of subjects 98 people).

At this stage, the study of the central task was the preliminary testing of the Methodology of M. Oblich on the domestic sample of students of 19-22 years, followed by analyzing and possible modification.

The technique was applied in a standard version adapted by A.Goshtautas, A.A. Semenov, V.A. Avyov in the IPEA of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the 70s

The M. Rokich method is a method for direct ranking of values. At the same time, the value of M. Rokich determines how a sustainable belief is that a certain way of behavior or the ultimate goal of existence is preferable from a personal or social point of view than the opposite or inverse way of behavior, or the ultimate goal of existence. Human values \u200b\u200bare characterized by the following main features: 1. The total number of values \u200b\u200bthat are the property of a person, relatively small; 2. All people have alone and the same, although in varying degrees; 3. Values \u200b\u200bare oriented into the system; 4. The origins of human values \u200b\u200bcan be traced in culture, society, its institutions and personalities; 5. The impact of values \u200b\u200bcan be traced in almost all social phenomena deserved.

In the method of Tso M. Rokic, two classes of values \u200b\u200bdiffer: terminal and instrumental.

Terminal valuables are that some ultimate goal of individual existence from personal and social points of view deserves that they are striving for it.

Instrumental values \u200b\u200b- beliefs in the fact that a certain image of action (for example, honesty, rationalism) with personal and social points of view is preferable in any situations.

In an empirical study, we used the adaptive version of the TSO M. Rokich technique, which is associated with significant changes in the list of terminal values, which happened in part in cultural, partly for political reasons.

We add that the rationale for the choice of the methodology of value orientation as the subject of psychological research and psychodiagnosis was that they occupy a place at the intersection of two large subject areas: motivation, on the one hand, and the worldview structures of consciousness on the other hand, due to which they are One of the most personal meaningful "zones", in which the psychologist is encouraged.

In addition, it is usually assumed when conducting direct ranking techniques, it is assumed that in situations where the respondents have no reason to falsify the results, ranking really reflects the real relationship between subjective relevant values.

The terminal list (List a) and the instrumental (b) values \u200b\u200bare included in 18 values. The task of the respondent enters the purpose of direct ranking method to build a hierarchy of values \u200b\u200bin descending order.

As part of our work, each value was endowed with one characteristic of a pair of criteria, which are determined by the experimenter, based on the objectives of the study. In this case, we offer to allocate the following criteria pairs: Individual - Group Personal - Professional Concrete - Abstract Men's - Women.

At the same time, individual values \u200b\u200bcan be called introverted (for example, health, sense of humor, education), and group-extractive (for example, the extension, the presence of good and true friends, etc.); Personal values, where the focus on personal growth (for example, love, creativity) is manifested, and professional - values \u200b\u200brelated to professional growth (rationalism, social recognition); specific values \u200b\u200bassociated with specific phenomena (active activity), abstract (for example, the happiness of others, all mankind); Male values, theoretically more inherent specific male type (availability of good faithful friends), women's honesty, creativity.

Thus, each value of the list A received 4 characteristics, and each value of the list B received 3 characteristics. Instrumental values \u200b\u200bcan be described as specific.

What is personal growth? Personal growth theory. Comprehensive and harmonious personality developmentReviewed by. Vladislav Chelphenko ON JUN 22 RATING: 4.5

Hello, dear colleagues and friends!

In our amazing world there are a lot of things that cannot be called unambiguous, especially if we are talking about the world's world. Personal growth - One of the most important ways that each of us has to go, well, or at least try to do it, or decide what they did, but not even try.

From how early, or how late we will understand the importance of personal growth, our whole life, its quality, its brightness, and the mark that she will leave after herself.

What is personal growth?

Personal growth - The concept that does not necessarily have a positive shade for others. This is, above all, winning over your weaknesses, over fear, over grown phobias, over all that prevents us from being such as we want to be and what we can be.

Personal growth - This is, first of all, a conscious self-development of a person, his desire to become better, smarter, more active, significantly (can be more popular) and promising.

Personal growth - This is a constituent success in any business. This is a work that should be made by a person over himself. Personality is a living organism that should constantly grow and develop. How to do it? Read on ...

Personal growth theory

Theories regarding personal growth, quite a lot, most of them are very subtle and difficult for not prepared mind. But there are also a clearer position on this matter, simplification in explanation of which is completely optional. With them, perhaps, and let's start.

Behaviorism - This is a rare case when the simplest theory is called the most difficult word. The very essence of this theory is very simple and has widespread. According to it we all initially do not have any special, and most importantly different from other potential. All of us are equal as a selection! But this is only at the beginning of the way. Our personal growth It depends solely from the circumstances and factors around us, which, as a result, and hold us along the path of personality growth.

No one will pull you out for your ears in this life and no one will hold you, besides himself ... To achieve something in life, you need to break the walls yourself!

Existential approach Something similar to the previous one, but the similarities are not great. In this case, at the beginning of the way, we still do not have anything, and we share everything in the process of self-knowledge, the search for shower harmony and, as a result, is a new perception of everything around.

Well, perhaps, the most common of theories - "Inevitably positive" Let's call it. Based on it, each of us is full of a huge amount of potential.which is so torn to the will, but the output finds only under the appropriate conditions, and not always positive. The latter makes this theory really positive, because it is not cool, and the growth will take place! But let's not forget, it is also the theory. All exercises are good, but you need to do not care about anything!

Everything that will be written below is directly related to the way you feel about this concept, and how you perceive it.

Why do you need personal growth?

Yes, why? Why strain, if you live well? If any of you wondered by this question, then you are surely happy, satisfied with yourself and their position. Either, very old and think that growth is the word to you not applicable.

Most of us, fortunately, have dreams. Not many of us know that it is from them preventing this dream. And only the units dream, notice their mistakes, and find the way to the dream. Moreover, funny and the fact that the word "dream", only in the first to cause associations with something unrealized. Humility is the main indicator that we stand on the spot that we do not grow (meaning not an orthodox understanding as virtue, but the lack of desire to achieve more).

This is the answer to the question "What for?" Personal growth need We are like the air, we cannot refuse it, and at the same time stay by yourself, we will degrade, and quite soon we will take the last place in the queue for ... No, no longer a dream - for normal life, for respect and manifestation of interest from dear people.

Personal growth - This is a modern model of the truth that the strongest survivors! Only in our case to survive is to lose, and live - win. Without personal growth, we will have to survive, and not live.

How to develop an personality growth?

There are a lot of different trainings, there is a mass of those who spend these trainings, promising you soon transfiguration, thereby insulting you already at the first lesson. No, of course, there are those who have enough ordinary Pink, those who were in a step to realize the importance and need of growth, but did not decline to act. But there are not so many such people. It is not always good to force this procedure, and not rarely, there is no effect, and if there is no result, then you will not only be able to start what they conceived, but also make a big step back. It's how to lose weight by 50 kilograms in one month. We cannot change everything that desired in one moment, even if the clarity came into our heads, then the insight that was so necessary for us.

First step towards development - Recognize that the urgent state of affairs is not what we wanted so much, what we thought so much and reasoned, not that. It is not necessary to let all life live, because there will probably have a lot of pleasant moments in it. Personal growth is rarely comprehensive, many of us have strengths, and our growth as personalities, first of all, is manifested in recognizing the parties of weak, and the actions that will be aimed at gaining them. After all, it is necessary to admit, first of all, and not rarely, only yourself. Let your progress be for others a pleasant surprise.

Psychology of personality development

We all want to see a positive subtext in all directions, even in those where he is not entirely appropriate. It does not rarely happen that personal growth occurs on the background of not positive moments. The same envy can be the strongest impetus, and, as a result, a positive stimulus, this is quite common practice.

It so happened that those who ask this question rarely wish the growth from a good life, no, of course, there are such, but we will not be about exceptions. Often, the question of personal growth becomes relevant when we are unhappy when we are eating a memory of some personal failure for years, about something that we could achieve, but did not have time, or we were prevented to do it. Or something less significant, but not less unpleasant.

Whatever it was, the desire to grow, practically, always gives rise to the discontent. It's quite normal. After all, they process the same garbage, make beautiful things from it, so why don't we recycle your spiritual debris on something more useful and necessary for us. It is very important to admit that, sometimes, the desire to become better suggested by one of the strongest failures. This is exactly the case when we can safely count on the capture of two hares. We can become better, and as a reward for this to get a winning problem.

If you intend to become a less significant personality than your abilities allow, you will be deeply unhappy!

Abraham Masuel

It also happens that personal growth is due to the emergence of a new goal in your life, on the way to achieving which you will inevitably have to. This goal can be a higher position at work, or, your interest in a separate person. Love can be a very serious stimulus on the way to the growth of the person, she will be an excellent assistant, and even the supporter, if everything works as you planned. Who disagrees, write in the comment, I will be glad to your opinion!

There are also those who grow not for the sake of some goals, not for the sake of love and successful work. These are people who seek to live in harmony with the world around, they emphasize on self-knowledge. It is more important for rethinking the approach to life truths, to change the perception of everything that seems too sharp and stranger to end up, even the problems seemed to be part of success, or at least interesting and useful material for reflection. First of all, such people seek to get rid of internal contradictions, considering them the basics of all problems. This one of the most competent and painless began the path leading to the development of the personality.

Self-development personality

In this case, if we talk easier, then self-development - It is an autonomous mode, the one in which most of us lives. We are developing without controlling the channel, and we get growth only in places where our needs are directed. There are cases in which a person lived a life, and at the same time never put accents on the development of himself in some of the directions. Everything just got drammed by itself, everything turned out. But this is of course the next exceptions, and in the percentage ratio of such people are very small. Therefore, it turns out that there are spheres in which we are a kind of guru, but there are also those in which we remained small children, who can not associate words, not to mention actions.

Not rare, self-development contributes to the problems that we experience. Often these problems remain unresolved, but the fact that we passed through them, or breaks us or makes stronger. The path of personal growth is overflowing with problem areas, and to grow, we must learn not only to take, but also give, lose. Never comes the moment when the problems will completely stop concerning us, but we can learn to take them differently, as part of the path to a positive result - this is the best indicator of personal growth.

Personal growth techniques

There are so many varieties that everything is probably listed, it probably does not make sense, the format of the article is somewhat different. One way or another, they all imply an action, or a number of necessary actions that need to be repeated with a certain periodicity. It as a complex of exercise is only directed, first of all, to strengthen the weak sections of your psychological state. Someone often repeats the desired set of words to obtain additional confidence, someone makes himself change behavior in the situations fit for this, thereby placing the spirit. Examples and visual aids on various methods of developing personal growth - mass. Most of them, oddly enough, act, only the majority, also have a local character, and can help solve only some petty weaknesses. However, the competent complex of such techniques can bring you to a qualitatively new level. But this will definitely require the participation of a professional at least in the first pairs.

Comprehensive identity development

In modern society, it is very difficult to develop comprehensively, and at the same time not to apply conscious efforts. As if we did not try to live correctly, there will always be lagging directions, this is normal. Although, almost every one of us sees her little tragedy, which, as it seems, I had to feel only one.

If you do not delve into all the subtleties of this issue, then there are not so many sides:

- The desire to be successful in the work.

- Desire to be able to love and be loved.

- The desire to be healthy and strong spirit.

- The desire to feel determined and power for any accomplishments.

All these directions can be changed in places, depending on your personal priorities, but none of them contradicts the other. They are fully compatible, and therefore, you can seek to implement them into life and need. Another thing, you can step on all fronts at the same time, or not. It is very important for healthy and objectively to assess your capabilities. The unsuccessful start of work on oneself can deprive you of the desire to develop this idea further, and for an indefinite period will make you stagger in place.

Driving Personal Development

Some results can be summed up, and designate the main factors that contribute to the growth of the individual. I would also like to designate a high proportion of subjectivity in the arrangement of defining factors. In my opinion, the main stimulants on the way to personal growth are:

1. Dissatisfaction with the position of affairs, sometimes one direction of your life, sometimes the whole group of them.
2. Purpose. She can be a man who you loved, or the work that was about who had long been dreamed of - this is for example. Objectives can be different.
3. Foreign factors. Circumstances of various nature, which in a relatively short period of time can make significant adjustments to your life.
4. Conscious desire to become better. Alas, it is extremely rare. Such is the nature of a person, we are not in a hurry to change something, if everything is not so bad. But there are those in whom the desire for development lives constantly.

Moreover, the sequence of points is not accidental. The power of the driving force decreases, starting from the first item. The sequence is also suitable for measuring the "popularity" of the reasons why many of us think about this issue.

Effect of personal growth for success

Only strong personality can be successful! Everyone can succeed, but not everyone can be stable, and often, after lifting, follows a long and painful descent. Without personal growth, we never achieve significant results, and at the same time not to lose yourself somewhere on the way to the goal.

Success is a product of personal growth, and not his reason!

Each high-quality improvement that we purchase, as a result, gives a tangible result. The more we work on self-improvement, the greater the chances, and the less distance to the goal that we delivered. Speaking about the purpose, it should be understood that one is the only thing, even the most significant thing in your life, will not be able to help personal growth, as for its implementation, you will develop in yourself only necessary to achieve quality. It is very important to have associated aspirations, they will allow us to become more versatile, and will help to get closer to uniform, comprehensive development. Sensity is rarely useful, and in our case it is also nothing to do. A complex of local, diverse aspirations, much more important than pursuit of a ghostly dream.

Useful books on personal growth

There are so many books related to the question of personal growth. Some of them are more useful and meaningful, some less. I will present to your attention a few (in my opinion) of excellent works of different authors:

Morgan Scott Pek - "Non-Turned Road"

"Our whole life is the" road "that we ourselves. And it is very important that this focus went in the right direction. " - Quite interesting work that affects many aspects of personal growth.

Jim Ron "Seasonality of Life"

The book is that the life is seasonal, as the course of the year. It tells how to find ways to solve the internal contradictions.

Alan Lacaine "Art planning"

The book on how to master the ability to plan your life. Very useful information, as the planning of further action is very important in personal growth.

Paul Tillich "Courage to Be

The book is about how to learn how to live, no matter what, contrary to all difficulties and adversities.

Bill Newman "Paris along with Orcils"

The book, how under any circumstances to preserve pride and calm, how to live life is not lowering eyes.

And as a bonus, another book Jim Ron

This is only a small part of the useful literature on this issue. Each of you can find the desired recipe for success, the main thing is the desire to grow, the rest will come. Successes and growth!

Admin.

The desire to live is better, have a strong family, financial wealth visits each of us. To achieve goals, it is necessary to develop, learn, work on yourself. This path is not easy and suggests the passage of several stages. The main thing is to move forward and take steps leading to. To self-development and personal growth, a person comes with different developments and the state of the soul. Therefore, the work on itself in each personality proceeds individually. We'll figure it out what gives self-development, and what impact has personal growth on a person's life?

A bit of theory

There is a statement that self-development and personal growth is the same thing. Really they go beside and lead to a single goal. Under self-development, the actions of the person they carry out without pressure, the intervention of third parties. This is a conscious process aimed at achieving clear goals or beliefs.

Personal growth is the concept used in psychology. Means the education of certain qualities and the acquisition of skills that improve specific areas of life. This includes social, financial, cultural and other areas. The main task of personal growth and self-development is an increase in human potential and high performance in the selected spheres of life.

Of these two concepts float output. Actions are carried out in a particular direction. To achieve the result, the plan of self-development is drawn up. It includes actions that a person must be implemented. This is reading books on self-development, watching films for personal growth, passing trainings.

Objectives of self-development and personal growth

Today there will be skeptics claiming that self-development is a useless spending time. Such thoughts arise from lazy people or personalities without a goal. They live life on the machine. In the morning you wake up, then go to work, returned, dine and fall asleep under the sound of the TV. It is much more convenient to live and do not think about anything. In this case, it is not necessary to complain about the financial situation, personal failures or the absence of career growth.

Self-development and personal growth helps to achieve such goals:

• Formation of awareness. Starts with the exit of the automatic model of life. When a person begins to ask himself questions, evaluate from the part, draw conclusions. Gradually develops awareness. A person takes the present and adjusts it, and does not live in the past or heats the hope of the future. Introduces on certain features of character, the personality develops and acquires new skills.
• Matching the current day. The second goal is floating from the first. The search for information leads a person to the study of various items, knowledge, mastering new skills. Modern rhythm of life rapid, interesting and technologically complex. To match the time to follow the changes that occur in the world. Everyday work allows a person to keep up with the times. Such skills help to be a popular specialist at work ,.
• Comprehensive development. Considering personal growth, do not focus on one topic. Narrow specialization makes a person limited and boring. Integet to all gradually. For this, it is not necessary to spend a lot of time. Instead of watching TV, look at the heading of the news in the world of culture, science, technology. Thanks to the accumulated knowledge, you can make a conversation with an unfamiliar person and become a soul of the company. Comprehensive development helps with employment.

People involved in self-development achieve goals and understand their purpose in life. In parallel, pump other spheres: health, proper nutrition, spiritual filling. Personal growth leads to getting rid of bad habits, organized, improving relationships with close people.

Self-development and personal growth in career

A lot of requirements are put forward to the modern employee. The main qualities are stress resistance, the ability to adapt to various working conditions, the correct psychological attitude. At the same time, not every leader is ready to send a new employee to trainings and training, preparing a valuable frame. Need workers who can join the team from the first day.

To support competition when looking for work, look for information, develop skills, attend professional events and seminars. Personal growth in the career gives the following results:

• conscious choice of profession and idea of \u200b\u200bwork;
• fast and confident decision making;
• understanding what qualities to develop to promote in a quarry;
• competitiveness, favorable positions in finding work on a competitive basis;
• the ability to properly present yourself.

Self-development involves learning information in a particular area. Fresh knowledge helps to develop an expense. A person acquires accompanying skills: ability to plan a day and solve work problems.

Self-development in school

Each person passes through compulsory education, developing and receiving certain knowledge. After school training, the road leads to higher educational institutions. It is already worth the interest in choosing a profession and focus on an in-depth study of profile items. Getting a diploma is the first serious step towards personal development.

Self-development in school gives positive fruit:

• a person learns to focus on classes;
• gets the first motivation skills;
• participates in the learning process, does not swim by the flow, but makes a conscious choice;
• it enjoys learning and easily assimilates the material, because it is studying at their own request.

At the institutes pays attention (critical and analytical). As a result, the process of education proceeds smoothly and interesting. The student receives knowledge that is able to apply in various life situations.

Personal growth in private life

Relationship between a man and a woman requires effort. Developing, a person receives new knowledge of his personal life and applies them. Relationships become stronger and healthier. Excellent if the second half is interested in self-development. Support for a loved one helps to achieve goals, the formation of a holistic personality.

Personal growth in private life leads to such results:

• man deeper understands herself, loved ones;
• passes the fear arranged romantic or;
• the person is revealed, it goes easier to contact, less conflict with the second half, because it comes to an understanding of actions;
• self-development opens up new aspects of close people.

A person has an understanding of the family, his role and responsibilities. The knowledge gained help during the current relationship, plus reveal the paths of further action. Complex solutions are accepted: the dissolution of marriage, the search for a new partner and others.

Stages of self-development and personal growth

Banal curiosity, reading books and viewing motivating films will not lead to the result. To make changes in life, you will have to work hard. To do this, pass the obligatory stages of self-development and personal growth:

• Taking the current situation. Analyze that you have to date that it does not suit what knowledge is planning to get.
• Desire to act. Draw a portrait of a new person how you want to become. Describe the strengths and weaknesses. Put a specific goal, which you want to achieve.
• Implementation. To come to your goal do daily small tags. , Repeat that everything will work out, and you achieve the result.

• Be prepared for a thorny path. Achievements and errors are completely belonging to you. Do not shift responsibility for failures on third parties. Analysis of errors and awareness of incorrect actions is proof of self-development.

Personal growth is the path that has the beginning, but does not end. Starting to develop, you will acquire the harmony of the soul and body. You can deal with people, build harmonious relationship with others. Make a step towards yourself, life will become more interesting and rich.

January 21, 2014, 17:49

Humanitarian Institute (Moscow)

Baikal branch

Faculty of Economics

On the subject of "leadership"

On the topic: Leadership as a factor of personal growth and the driving force of entrepreneurship

Performed: Berdnikova Tatyana Gennadevna

Group E-103-07

Checked: Bogdanova O.P.

Ulan-Ude 2013

"Your mind must be like

room with many opened windows.

Let the wind be broken through them

but do not let him blow you out of the room ... "

Mahatma Gandhi

Quite often in our society, we meet with such a versatile and interesting concept as "leadership", but do not even think about his deep meaning.

What is leadership? This is definitely certain victories in anything, bright and understandable advantages. But in such an interpretation, we usually limit. However, it is not necessary to do this because it is possible to give a completely scientific and true explanation for this phenomenon. So, leadership is "the expression of the power of all in one person." It is also a social process that stimulates some people to go to the old target with new energy, and reach new vertices - with faith in yourself and hope. This is only scientific concepts. Let's not go into full depth and significance. It suffices to understand the fact that leadership is quite common and managing phenomenon in the modern community. Its distribution is very large and is not limited to centuries or development of evolution. Immediate time and today there are leaders and winners. It is worth considering the psychological aspect of this issue. In my life we \u200b\u200bcan win and lose. This is one of the components of ethnic, psychological and spiritual development. If we strive for the better, putting a high goal, we will definitely get to the peaks of leadership. Without this, we will not, in some sense, to self-improve and improve others. We are not perfect, and our environment is also. However, the meaning is to comprehend the art of human nature knowledge, give a psychological installation.

We can help relatives, friends or just to those surrounding people. It seems like we just helped them to achieve leadership. But it is not so. Helping others, we enhance our psychological point of view, fill this world with a desire for something special. The concept of leadership is versatile in the sense that you can get victory in all areas of activity. The head of the table turns out to be personal growth: self-organization and purposefulness, the complete achievement of the goal and understanding of its spiritual rod. After all, "the most valuable victory is a victory over yourself." Improving himself, we reconstruct world culture.

In general, you can outline these characteristics of leadership:

Leadership is always in morality;

The leader cannot be any person;

To achieve a certain meaning, you need to work on yourself and shares;

The essence is not to force and push to development, but in interest to this other person;

The kernel of leadership is always a leader who is aware of its active role;

Interrelation of everyday life plays a significant role;

To find the "golden middle" in itself, in general, you must be interested in the success of the individual;

All is based on the understanding of the person as an important component for general development.

The leader is the one who turns employees (regardless of whether they are subordinate or not) on people who work with him by conviction. Such personalities can instill other awareness of the importance of executable work, and from here - craving and love of work. The difference between management and leadership is that management can be defined as a mental and physical process of executing proposed instructions and solving certain tasks. Leadership, on the contrary, is a process, with which one person affects other members of the group.

So, let's achieve high personality development yourself, understanding ourselves. So we will definitely be easier in life with such installations. Therefore, it is not difficult to make your personal contribution to the modernization of the cultural and psychological being of a person. Each contribution is a new look, a new thought.

Leaders are not born, leaders become.

First of all, the leader is a person who takes responsibility for his life.

Secondly, the leader is the one who takes responsibility for his loved ones and people around himself.

Leadership is nothing more than the "ability to purchase followers." One of the deepest needs of human nature is a sense of self-importance, the acquisition of meaning and goal in life. Leaders are able to awaken emotions, deeply hidden, and encourage people to rise above all that they have already achieved in the past.

Leadership is the basis of success and personal growth

Effective personal leadership is the progressive implementation of vital useful pre-planned personal goals.

It is impossible to expect random success, success due to the coincidence of the circumstances or the faithfulness of the fortune. Success cannot be bought; We cannot conclude a deal with success. True success implies the development of leadership, which in turn gives impetus to personal growth and achieve their goals.

Personal growth is a promotion of a person to his dream: such as he wants to be and what wants to have. Everything that brings close to his dreams and long-term goals is a personal growth. It includes everything that contributes to your development. Time and pace of this process depends on your personal desire.

Personal growth is the process of becoming a leader. For a person who has already become, is the path of turning into a perfect leader and a mentor who enjoys respect and serves as an example for others.

During personal growth, a person acquires greater control of himself and its emotions, becomes independent in different relationships (his mood is harder to spoil others, as it is more self-sufficient; he can make himself do what I do not want and does it constantly).

A person developed in a personal plan is able to think non-standard and independently of the templates, it is easy and easy to communicate, as it is delivered from many complexes and psychological cockroaches, which are so many in almost every person. It is open with new knowledge, affairs, experience.

The person who went far along the path of personal growth is deeply confident in himself and thanks to this it is really capable of much, as well as with dignity comes out of the vitality.

People have always been looking for an answer to the question "What is the secret of success?", I studied words, affairs and the lives of the great leaders of the past. In most cases, such searches will not end with success, since they are focused mainly on the outside of the lives of well-known personalities, and not on the analysis of their personal growth: their thoughts, habits, attitudes towards life and to themselves, emotional manifestations - those intangible elements that have allowed successful People rise slightly above the rest. With careful consideration, you can make sure that the basic terms of success are inherent to everyone who has achieved something significant in personal growth. If you strive to develop self-confidence and inner motivation leading to the implementation of leadership skills, you need to remember and form the basic components of effective leadership.

Pherve Leadership Leadership: Clear Understanding yourself

Even before Socrates uttered his famous saying: "Know yourself!" People faced a similar problem. To know yourself - a difficult task, since the human person is unusually complex and multifaceted. The nature of the personality determines the main primary needs and motives. In addition, a person is subject to many external influences - the influence of family, society, the environment and social institutions. Most of the actions and thoughts are determined by habits, the basis of which in most cases is the impact of external stimuli. Knowledge of itself and a clear understanding of their vital strategy also includes an objective response to a possible future and decision-making process. Knowledge implies an element of insight and faith; Never know, information or facts are not complete and exhaustive, and despite this have to act. A person must make decisions and incarnate them. Sometimes neighbor - friends, family or colleagues - inadvertently impede the correct understanding of their own nature and personal growth.

INsome Lead Sugar: Recognized Plans and Set Objectives

The second term of leadership is the written fixation of the plans and the timing of the implementation of the planned goals. It is necessary to develop a personal growth plan, which would allow to extract the goal from the kingdom of illusory desires. The plan must be compiled so in detail and clearly to completely eliminate the likelihood of confusion and ambiguity. When targets are defined in a similar way, then you can turn the theory into practice, send theoretical knowledge into a practical channel and draw thoughts into action and increase self-confidence. Plans recorded in writing and the deadlines for the implementation of the goals are helping not to postpone the realization of the intended. They generate a sense of dissatisfaction and non-acceptance of the existing position of things. They help visually submit every goal as already accomplished fact, even until its immediate exercise. Fixation on paper orders and clarifies thinking, and a clearly structured and ordered thinking encourages the action and improve confidence. The very fact of writing on paper of its goals, already means a fixed obligation.

The third main term leadership: Desire to become a leader

The third main term leadership is the need to develop a burning and irresistible desire to fulfill their dreams. It demonstrates the difference between the goal and a simple dream. The desire to realize the conceived includes actions in your plans and intentions. Without strong desire, it is unlikely possible to achieve their goals, as if large-scale and meaningful, they are, and no matter how detailed and effective is the plan. Although in a person from birth, the desire of leadership in the broad sense of the word was laid, he certainly had the experience of destructive external influences. They limited the creative potential, self-confidence and the power of the desire to exercise conceived. Most people live, spending the minimum effort that they are needed to meet their daily needs. People very rarely exceed the absolute minimum effort, sufficient for them for life, but inside of them is hidden such a force that would be enough for the second, and for the third, and even for the fourth breathing. However, this potential remains unclaimed during life. It turns to him, and it is not for long, only when an extraordinary emotional irritant appears. This release of a strong emotional impulse is, no doubt what they mean athletes when they talk about the desire for victory. To form desires is not so difficult, as it may seem. Desires are generated by your inner essence; You can call and stimulate them, manage and keep under control.

Desire is an emotional appetite, the same as physical. You can consciously awaken appetite through organs of vision, smell and touch. You can imagine juicy, toasted kebabs - and feel hunger. In the same way, you will be able to stimulate your emotional appetite through a similar bright image, a concentration of effort and attention and a firm conviction in a positive result.

C.hardening Sugar Leadership: self-confidence

Self-confidence is also born from practical skills and skills; They come along with knowledge and experience; And experience in any case requires a collision and struggle different points of view. A real practical experience is a mechanism that turns theoretical knowledge into a practical personal know-how, and self-confidence increases only when a person is passing through difficulties, problems and conflicts. The conflict and participation in it attach confidence and the ability to control the situation. Many people live in the shadow of public opinion, drifting together with tides and casting criticism of others and floundering, circulating rims of tribal and events.

Fifth Speed \u200b\u200bLeadership: Stability Development

So, the last, the main term of leadership is the development of perseverance, the iron determination to achieve their goals, regardless of the opinions, judgments or acts of others, about that decisiveness that comes from the awareness of its rightness and significance of the goals of the goals in the first positions of your life system values. Too many losing their decisiveness under the influence of opinions around. But if you strive to master the art of effective leadership, you should not be excessively exposed to such effects. Adhering to the point of view of the average person, you will not be able to rise above the average level. You will never raise above the level on which you are now, until you disappear to live according to other laws. Listen to yourself and guide your values.

Entrepreneurship and success factors

entrepreneurship Leadership Objective Potential

Folding, all five elements, you can become a successful leader. A successful person is a great entrepreneur. Successful people to whom we refer leaders are not afraid of failures and are ready to take risks. A man going beyond the comfort of comfort is the leader and entrepreneur. The reasons for which one entrepreneurs are successful, and others - no, always caused interest among specialists. For example, three groups of personality components are identified, which are largely affecting the result of the future activities of a person who plan to open their business. These are business skills; personal qualities; "Supporting" activity is the ability to go to the necessary risks and victims for the embodiment of their idea of \u200b\u200blife. "Supportist" activity allows an entrepreneur to go beyond the situation, see new goals standing out of a specific situation, but also generated by it. These three personal components allow you to highlight the necessary skills and skills that contribute to the leader and the entrepreneur to realize themselves.

1. High general education and vocational training. This is necessary, but not enough. You can bring a lot of examples illustrating the opposite. For example, an entrepreneur has excellent economic education, but it is unsuccessful. It is necessary to combine professional training with development, and better - with the upbringing of emotional intelligence.

2. The ability to understand and analyze the cluster in which it is intended to open its business (formed immediately before creating a new enterprise).

3. Skills to manage people.

4. The desire and ability to implement the potential of leadership and entrepreneurship. Only in this case, a person declares itself as a leader and entrepreneur and can influence people and have followers. The leader forms the team and himself becomes its participant.

5. Ability to communicate with people, whether personnel management, work in a group, negotiations with business partners or customer relationships, conflict resolution and management, i.e., great importance to ensuring success has a high social competence.

The main components of social competence are communication abilities, contact, readiness and ability to resolve conflicts, attention to the partner, the ability to listen, a sense of responsibility, emotional sustainability, motivational abilities, the desire to study, the ability to self-analysis, a sense of justice. Having leadership qualities, a beginner entrepreneur, as a rule, is able to solve the tasks in front of it.

As for personal qualities, among many character traits, six properties can be distinguished, which have almost all successful entrepreneurs: the need for achievements, the initiative, faith in itself, courage, knowledge and understanding of themselves. Understanding yourself allows an entrepreneur and leader to deal with their desires, motives and purposes. This is important when planning your own activities. A person who knows and understands himself is better dealing in other people, and this helps him effectively manage.

The survey of middle and small business representatives allowed us to allocate personal qualities that ensure their effective business activities: the ability to quickly take unexpected decisions, to work productively in the "peak" condition; confident behavior, the ability to risk; Communicative advantages; aggressiveness of character; goaling; Creativity, charismatic, intuition; ability to work with people; stability of behavioral and value strategies in various situations; Quiet attitude to its shortcomings, high level of self-esteem. Many on this list are optimistic. In our opinion, it is as a strategy of behavior, not always optimal. Pesssimism is sometimes preferable, since it allows you to calculate all the difficulties and obstacles, be prepared for them and mobilize yourself to overcome them.

So, the skills and individual-personal characteristics of entrepreneurs and leaders are one of the conditions for their success. In addition, the starting mechanism of success is a set of goals. Goaling is one of the important characteristics of leadership and entrepreneurship. Unfortunately, most people have difficulty in goal. Often there is a goal, but not clearly formulated, and if they are formulated, then they are general, not specific, and most importantly - not measured. Consequently, such goals are difficult to control and determine the quality of their implementation. It can be unambiguous to assert that such wording is not targets, but wishes. The main thing in goal-making so that the desires become goals, and then they will manage a person, stimulate it to action. Objectives as a stable phenomenon begin to develop in youthful age. Consequently, younth is a sensitive period for the development of leadership and entrepreneurship.

The awareness of its abilities allows, on the one hand, to solve the task for goaling, and on the other, it is to allocate those abilities that are necessary to achieve life goals. The life goal allows to actualize the understanding of itself, to compile the meaning of its existence in the context of the goal. At first, these subjects are coming out, i.e. The process of individualization is updated, and this is a powerful base for leadership development. Young man in the first year passes adaptation to university, student group. At this stage, he understood and accepted the "Rules of the game", established in the university. With youthful maximalism, the young man wants to express himself, stand out, exit the "comfortable zone". It is typical to students of the second and third courses. Young people seek to declare themselves, engage in new relations for them. This is especially observed in students who relate positively to themselves. With a negative attitude towards you, young people show a infantile position and believe: let them surrounding people, society care about them, the main thing is to adapt to the social environment.

Leadership is a success engine. Leadership in life begins with the desire of changes to the better, with the need for development, and this is the main engine for the development of entrepreneurship. Leaders are engines of any business.

As a result, leadership is a driving force of entrepreneurship. After all, the entrepreneurial spirit is by definition of the leadership spirit. Any business in the initial stages requires bright leadership and a cohesive team of like-minded people who survive in an aggressive business environment. The creators of successful world-class business companies (those who survived at the initial stages of development and had enough energy for further growth and development) - all vibrant and strong leaders. For people such as S.Jobs, J. Shch, R. Brenson, etc. Axioms from management textbooks ("Leader and Head are not the same") - do not work! True entrepreneurs are always leaders of their own business, and leaders for those people who share their business idea.

The successful entrepreneurship model is a subconscious lead, and this can be learned

Conclusion

In my opinion, the leadership factor must necessarily manifest itself at all levels of the company regardless of its size. In modern society, there is no justification for the leaders of firms that do not encourage leadership at all levels in their organizations. There is also an excuse for those leaders who are not able to create such conditions in the organization in which each employee can maximize himself. The heads of enterprises that do not create the conditions for training workers who do not appreciate their colleagues and subordinates - they steadily go along the path of extinction. The director, afraid of issues and not tolerant of independent points of view, does not appreciate the wealth that his company possesses.

Now there is no doubt the thesis that people are the greatest value in the organization's assets. However, apparently, not so valuable, if sometimes in order to achieve short-term benefits or saving the company sacrifice their employees.

What way it turns out that some companies found and used progressive methods and ideas in their activities, while other firms still adhere to authoritarian-team leadership style? My experience in large, medium and small companies both in the public and private sectors shows that the most successful of them, in their activities use the latest technological advances and modern communication systems. They actively encourage healthy sharing views and ideas between employees of all hierarchical levels of the company.

It seems to me that in the last decade to improve the efficiency of your companies, director and staff training managers are looking for a certain lamp of alladin. They resort to completely different methods and approaches. For example, then to the system approach, then to the definition of competencies, then to the methods of quality assessment, improve the qualifications of management workers, material incentives, and so on. It seems they will never stop in order to simply appreciate the leadership factor in the organization.

I believe that we can all recognize those moments when we manage to lead people and direct them. Colleagues for work and subordinates also feel when they control properly. So why are we still thinking that there is an ideal answer to all questions relating to the leadership factor? What is somewhere there is a pill, swallowing which we can become perfect leaders?

Leadership, it's like a golf game, skill must be honest. You need to take into account the surrounding conditions, and your style of play, and what kind of golf clubs you have at your disposal. And most importantly - you must take your desire and desire to improve your game. Therefore, I believe that, as in the golf, company executives should always strive to increase their personal growth.

List of references

1. Alekseev A, Pigalov in, "Business Administration in Practice", M., 1993.

2. Blake R.R, Muton J.S., "Scientific methods of management", Kiev, 1990.

3. Vikhansky O.S., Naumov A.I., "Management", M., Moscow State University, 1995.

4. Vesnin V., "Fundamentals of Management", M., 1996.

5. Kabushkin N.I., "Fundamentals of Management", MN: BSEU, 1996

6. Caselets Yu., "Multidaler.", Kiev, 1991.

7. Magazine "Entrepreneurship in Russia" Article "Business Activities and Success Factors" Vasilyeva V.N. D.T., Professor Department of Entrepreneurship and Foreign Economic Activities MSTU. N. E. Bauman.

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• Specialty of the WAK RF19.00.07
• Number of pages 193.

Chapter 1. Subjective control as a psychological phenomenon. 1. The problem of subjective control in foreign psychology 2. Development of the problem of control in domestic psychology 3. Psychological characteristics of the main elements of a system of subjective control.

Chapter 2. Features of subjective control in the pedagogical profession. 1. Subjective control and success of pedagogical activities 2. Subjective control as a condition for personalization and depersonalization of the teacher 3. Subjective control as a stylastic factor. y

Chapter 3. Experimental study of phenomenon of subjective control. 1. The program of diagnosis and development of professional subjective control 2. The study of individual-typological features of subjective professional control 3. Personal growth and subjective control.

The dissertation (part of the author's abstract) on the topic "Subjective control as a factor of teacher's personal growth"

The democratic changes in society require the psychological science of the accent displacement, in studying the regulation of behavior with external controlling instances to the study of the internal subjective patterns of personal and professional monitoring.

For many decades, the totalitarian regime changed in our society leads to the replacement of the socio-psychological model of society, which, accordingly, generates a new paradigm for regulation and control of social and meaningful behavior of the individual. The impossibility of effective unified total control by external structures in a new type society strongly requires the study of the possibilities of formation, development and stabilization of systems of internal control of social and meaningful behavior of the person in the entire manifold of its individual manifestations.

In recent decades, there is a transformation of the subject of psychological studies of the personality activity, which is considered not as much as an adaptive, aimed at socialization, social adaptation and development of the optimal functioning mechanisms within the ideological and value assignment, an interiorized person, as if ensuring the formation of subjectivity as a phenomenological embodiment of personal In man. Phenomena of personal selection, freedom and responsibility, personalization, supporting activity, personality sustainability, individualization are firmly becoming the core of the most interesting M basic research of the psychology of the last decades (K.A.Ibulkhanova-Slavskaya, Ft.G.Smolov, V.Ftrovsky, in . And. Sobodchikov, V.Z.chudnovsky,

B.P.zinchenko, A.A.Nalchajyan, S.M. Yorlov, I.B. Kotova, etc.).

Productive development of the concept of personality as a subject of vital activity, the subject of self-promoting its exement makes it possible to study more private issues of psychological mechanisms to assign themselves as a subject in the process of social and professional formation.

Changing the paradigm level of consideration of such categories as "activity", "Personality", "Personal Development", "Pedagogical Interaction" leads in the 80-90s and to a new interpretation of the relationship of the regulatory and creative-creative-built in pedagogical activity, which is bright manifests itself in modern studies of the psychology of the teacher's labor psychology (A.V.Petrovsky, V.A. Petrovsky, A.K.Markova, I.S. Yakimanskaya, F.M.Yusupov, Yu.N. Kulutkin, G.S.Sukhobskaya, A.B. Eorlov, G.P. Edenrovitsky,

C.A.Shein, E.Nulianov).

Thus, the relevance of the study is that the current conditions suggest a new perspective of consideration of the problem of human and peace interaction. One of the areas of study of such interaction is to study the psychological characteristics and patterns of internal personality control as a subject of life.

Our theoretical analysis shows that the designated problem is the least studied part of the general problem of personality activity, the intensive study of which has been outlined at present. In both domestic and foreign psychology, there is no holistic concept of a system of subjective control, there is no clear description of either the phenomenological level or on the procedural one. At the same time, a rich experimental material was accumulated in modern psychology in this area, requiring his generalization, audit and scientific understanding.

We propose to understand the "subjective" in the scientific context, similar to the views on the problem of subjectivity S.L. Rubinshtein, A.N. Lyontieva, V.E. Steudovsky. A.N. Lyontiev proposes to understand the subjectivity not as subjectivism, but as the subject, i.e. "Belonging to an activity subject" N.

In the development of the problem of subjective, the work of S.L. Volubystein, the research of the Georgian school on the psychology of the installation of SDNDDDZE), analysis of the methodological foundations of understanding the subject and subjectivity K.A. Bybulkhanovoy-Slavskaya, research on the psychology of the personality of L.I. Anzhoferova, A.G.Asmo-Lov, B.S.Bratya, V.A. Petrovsky, V.I. Sobodchikova, I.S. Kona, etc.

However, the problem of subjectivity in modern domestic psychology is not sufficiently developed at the level of operationalization. This is due to both socio-political factors and the paradigm of the immediacy prevailing in scientific research until recently.

In the context of the tough public situation, the areas of scientific research characteristic of totalitarian society, the focus was submitted to a person as a public development facility. The essence of the individual was identified with the interio-rized values, meanings, activities, which led to an understanding of the individual not as a subject of vital activity, but only as the inside of public development.

This topic acquires particular relevance due to the fact that the requirements of humanization and democratization of education give rise to the problem of the psychological readiness of the teacher to the pedagogical activities of the new type. The personal development concept of education and upbringing allows the teacher to become a true subject of activity, expands the framework of pedagogical creativity, offers a wide variability of educational programs and techniques, an abundance of pedagogical technologies and methodological developments. All of the above-mentioned. Required from the personality of the teacher of greater internal ordering and structuredness of meanings, values, constructing their own constructive figurative schemes, makes special requirements for the system of subjective monitoring of the professional and significant behavior of the teacher.

In this context, such psychological characteristics of the teacher personality acting as a subject of pedagogical activity as pedagogical responsibility, a developed system of subjective control mechanisms, the degree of formation of reflexive, estimated and analytical abilities, etc., the presence of which allows the teacher to become an active subject of professional activity which can independently determine the strategy, tactics and the nature of specific pedagogical acts, as well as adopted responsibility for their pedagogical result.

At the same time, in modern psychological literature devoted to the work of the teacher, little attention is paid to the mechanisms of internal control of the activities and behavior of the teacher; The system of active learning techniques for self-regulation and self-control, the development of professional self-consciousness was not developed and implemented.

The novelty of the conducted study is that for the first time a system of subjective personality control is allocated as a relatively independent phenomenon and a psychological description of this structure as a holistic system, OP - 7 delicifically, a hierarch-enforced, comprising multi-level elements characterized by uniqueness and interconnectedness simultaneously,

In most psychological studies on this issue, internal control is reduced to the problem of self-control and is interpreted as self-limitation or peculiar adaptive self-effectness of the person. From our point of view, personal control can not be reduced to self-control, we treat the Self-monitoring problem more widely and consider it as subjective control, serving the criterion for the professional and personal maturity of a person and a factor of personal growth.

We have developed an experimental and correctional program for the development of subjective professional control, which has its goal of professional-personal growth of the teacher. As the analysis shows, there are no analogues of the proposed program in the susceptible practice of training and advanced training of teachers.

Purpose of the study. The main objective of this study consists in theoretical understanding and experimental study of the system of subjective control as a personal growth factor of the teacher.

Scientific novelty. For the first time, a phenomenon of professional subjective monitoring of the teacher is allocated as relatively independent vocational education of the teacher's personality. The structure is disclosed and the indicators of the character and the level of formation of subjective professional control are highlighted. The influence of the specific characteristics of subjective monitoring on the nature of the realization of the need for personalization as a motive-conventional factor of the teacher's behavior is determined. Ways to develop subjective controls as a factor, teacher's personal growth during its professional formation, are allocated. A comprehensive experimental diagnostic and correctional program for the formation of various levels of professional subjective teacher control was created and tested.

Practical significance of the study. The technique of diagnosis and self-diagnosis of the level of development and the nature of the subjective professional monitoring of the teacher is worked out. The theoretical provisions allocated by us made it possible to develop a formative program "Development of the system of internal mechanisms for monitoring the teacher's professional behavior", built on the principle of a three-level model of psychocorrection activities. The proposed program includes a system of classes, based on the principles of active learning. It includes: a diagnostic and developing business game "Choice", a system of in-checked thematic seminars, a set of psychological exercises and individual creative tasks. This program includes a multi-level training, aimed at the development of subjective monitoring of the teacher in professional activities. Guidelines for the program allows you to recommend it for practical use.

On the basis of the theoretical and empirical data obtained in the dissertation study, a teaching manual for teachers and educational managers "Professional growth of the teacher is developed: the formation of subjective control mechanisms" (7 pp).

Setting the problem and hypothesis. As we showed the theoretical study, in modern psychological science there is a representative theoretical and experimental material relating to the individual aspects of the problem of subjective control of social and significant behavior of the personality and self-control of the teacher. However, the subjective professional control of the teacher, its phenomenological and individual-typological characteristics, the factors determining the development of the teacher's personal control system and the dependence of the success of pedagogical activity on the nature of the internal control mechanisms, which generates the problem of forming a teacher's readiness to carry out self-control of its behavior at all levels of professional Activities.

General hypothesis. At the level of mature personality there is a system of subjective control, characterized by a certain structure, a number of phenomenological manifestations and individual-typological features. The subject forms of self-control acts acting in pedagogical activities are a factor affecting the personal growth of the teacher.

The formulated research hypothesis involves the decision of the following since:

1. Theoretically substantiate the existence of subjective control "as a holistic phenomenon of personality.

2. Describe the structure of subjective control and determine its hierarchical levels,

3. To identify the factors determining the development of a system of subjective control in the process of professional development of the teacher's personality.

4. Develop a methodological database of the diagnostic program of subjective control as a holistic phenomenon.

5. Determine the features of the individual-typological features of the system of subjective control, develop differently

Io in pedagogical interaction teacher student.

6. Describe a system of training and training activities aimed at the development of substructures of subjective control during the postgraduate professional formation of a teacher.

The definition of goals and objectives of the study made it possible to highlight its object and subject.

The object of the study was the system of subjective control of the social and meaningful behavior of the teacher's personality in professional activities.

Subject of research - subjective control of teachers and school leaders as a factor of personal and professional growth.

The methodological basis of the study is the basic principles of domestic psychological science, the philosophical and psychological concept of the person as a subject of life S.L. Rodubystein; historical and evolutionary theory of the personality of A.G.asmolov; Theories of the social and psychological development of the personality of A.V.Petrovsky; Personal theory B.S.Bratova; Concepts of subjectivity V.A. Petrovsky; The concept of the strategy of the life of K.A.Abulkhanova-Slavskaya.

3rd research. The specifics of the selected issues of the dissertation study determined the stages of its conduct. Our research was conducted in the Education institutions of the Rostov Region from 1988 to 1994 in four stages.

At the first stage (1988-1989), the study of philosophical and psychological literature on the issue of regulation, control and prediction of human behavior and his professional activity was taken. The results of theoretical analysis made it possible to substantiate the legitimacy of the allocation of subjective personality control as a psychological problem. It was also possible to solve a circle of peculiar psychological phenomena, authorized by the controlling function, and to construct a hypothetical model of a three-level system of subjective personality control.

During the second stage (1988-1991), studies were compared with the empirical and theoretical material on the Public Study of the Labor and Data of Our Own Research of various psychological aspects of the teacher, held as part of the organization of methodological work in the field and course retraining IPC, ZTO gave us the opportunity to highlight the blocks of difficulty teachers in self-realization and self-control of professional activity. At this stage of study, the concept of subjective professional control was specified. The factors that affect its development during professional formation were distinguished. Here, indicators of phenomenological manifestations of a system of subjective professional control in real activity were also determined.

At the third stage (1990-1993), we substantiated the concept of a system of subjective professional monitoring of the teacher, predictive and forming experiments were carried out, which allowed to identify the role of subjective control in the process of professionally personal growth of the teacher. Training activities proposed by us were systematized and adjusted to develop educators in the field of professional subjective monitoring. A corrective and tutorial program "Development of a subjective control system in the professional activity of the teacher" has been developed and tested.

The fourth stage (1993-1994) is devoted to the extended experiment to identify individual-typological features of the manifestation of a system of subjective professional monitoring of the teacher and the effectiveness of the proposed program.

Provisions endured for protection. The study showed that:

1. There is a certain holistic hierarchized system of subjective monitoring characterized by phenomenological manifestations at various behavioral levels.

2. The degree of development of the levels of subjective control (conceptual, tactical and operational) significantly determines the nature of the following parameters of the personality: sustainability due to external stress factors; reliability as a partner in professional cooperation; Successful pedagogical activity.

3. The determination of subjective professional monitoring of the teacher is carried out through a three-level system of factors: macrosocial, microsocial, and personal.

4. Individual style of pedagogical activities and communication, pedagogical responsibility are manifestations of the level of formation of subjective monitoring defining personal growth.

5. Individually-typological features of the development of subjective professional control are determined by the formation of the structural components of the subjective control of the structural components.

6. Each particularly taken level of subjective monitoring of the teacher is amenable to developing and correction through a special developed system of training activities.

Approbation of work. The results of the study reported at scientific conferences: "Rubinstein readings" / Odessa, 1992 /; "The problem of updating the content of general education" / Rostov-on-Don, 1992 /; "Education and identity development in the renewing education system" / Rostov-on-Don, 1993 /; "Upgrading content and training system for educational workers" / Rostov-on-Don, 1993 /, "Art as a factor in socialization and individualization of the individual" / Taganrog, 1994 / "Personal development in the process of pedagogical activity" / Maikop, 1994 /, results Studies were tested by a series of special courses, on advanced training courses in the Rostov IPC and Pro. The results of the study are published in 6 scientific works.

Implementation of research results into practice. The leading provisions of the dissertation was based on the basis of the construction of a number of practical-oriented special courses for school leaders, creative groups of teachers, as well as teachers passing advanced training on the basis of the Rostov IPC and Pro.

The most essential findings of our study and the developed correctional training program for the development of subjective professional control were one of the aspects of the restructuring of methodical work with creative groups of teachers aimed at the facilitation of professional and personal growth. The dissertation materials are used in the preparation of a series of guidelines for methodologists, school leaders and practical psychologists to develop the creative potential of the teacher as an independent entity of pedagogical activities.

The dissertation structure. The thesis consists of introducing, three chapters, conclusion, literature of references and applications and contains 164 pages of text.

Similar dissertation work in the specialty "Pedagogical Psychology", 19.00.07 CIFR WAK

• Motivational and cognitive characteristics of the identity of the young entrepreneur 1995, Candidate of Psychological Sciences Boyardseva, Alla Vasilyevna

• Psychology of subject interaction 2012, Doctor of Psychological Sciences Osmina, Elena Viktorovna

• Subject to the teacher as determinant of the sustainability of the individual to the destructive impact of professional activity 2006, Candidate of Psychological Sciences Star, Galina Pavlovna

• The structure and development of the professional self-consciousness of the teacher 1994, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences Sovetko, Andrei Ivanovich

• Subjects of a student of the highest pedagogical educational institution: theory and practice 2002, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Muhametzyanova, Flear Gabdulbarovna

Conclusion of dissertation on the topic "Pedagogical Psychology", Shcherbakova, Tatiana Nikolaevna

Conclusions on the third chapter:

It is possible to develop a program for the diagnosis of the features of subjective professional control by teacher-relevant tools.

A certain difficulty represents the study of the degree of intriguration of conceptual, tactical and operational personal control, as well as the semantic identity of its individual elements. A valid study of the designated characteristics requires sufficiently bulky diagnostic procedures, which is unacceptable for the purposes of expeses-diagnostics in the conditions of limited contact time with teachers - respondent-tami. Therefore, one of the important tasks of further research is the expansion of the thesaurus of the diagnostic methods of relevant to this psychological phenomenon. This is one of the directions of our scientific searches.

On the basis of an empirical study, you can allocate and describe the individual-typological features of the character,

140 levels formed ™ and manifestations of a system of subjective monitoring of the teacher. One possible options for typology was obtained by us as a result of generalizing these individual psychological diagnostics, which made it possible to allocate and describe the differentiated groups of teachers, characterized:

The tendency of preferences of internal or external professional controls:

Differences in the development of conceptual, tactical and operational subjective control.

As a result of the generalization of the experiment results, the parameters that are barriers of personal and professional growth of the teacher, also indexers that occur to the change, classified as personal growth. As such generalized indicators in our study, a change in behavior in a conflict situation was made; meaningful changes in the performance of creative tasks; Qualitative changes to the presented author's developments.

The inclusion of teachers in a comprehensive diagnostic training program, aimed at developing elements of subjective professional control, led to certain changes to diagnose and interpretation. Comparison of the results obtained with the data available in the literature allow them to be attributed to personal growth indicators. Thus, a study hypothesis was confirmed: a system of subjective professional control is characterized by individual-typological components; The development of subject forms of self-control is influenced by the personal growth of the teacher.

Conclusion

The formation of a person's psychology that has been happening at the present moment, which has a human subjectivity phenomenology in its relationship with the world, makes the entire range of problems related to the development of subjectivity, including the problem of subjective monitoring.

The paradigm of humanistic psychology, which came to replace the behavioral paradigm prevailing for a long time, demanded not only the rethinking of the methodological and theoretical basis, research on age and pedagogical psychology, but also the development of relevant Conti-Nium theoretical constructs, selection of adequate diagnostic procedures for studying the phenomenology of the teacher .

It is from these positions that this dissertation study was performed, in which an attempt was made to specify the designated approach on the materials of real educational practice.

Pedagogical activity is presented in the work on the part of its dynamics, self-development and essential characteristics of success, in contrast to the previously existing traditional approach that makes emphasis on the morphological analysis of pedagogical labor. This made it possible to expand the range of factors resulting in the effectiveness of pedagogical interaction.

In theoretical part of the study, excessive arguments were found, proving that a special form can be isolated among the diverse forms of personality activity, which serves self-control over the manifestation of human subjectivity in different structures of life and professional activities, and

142 Also control over the selection itself of the methods of self-presentation and the operationalization of subjectivity.

It was possible to find a certain system of psychological formations that perform the role of internal "controllers" of personality activity, and differentiate them according to the role and place in the identity self-regulation system.

On this basis, the theoretical conceptual scheme of subjective control was constructed, including the operational, tactical and conceptual elements. Thus, the theoretical study of the content of self-control activity made it possible to conclude that various types of labor require not the same measure of the inclusion of the levels of subjective control.

Of course, the proposed scheme is a hypothetical concept model in need of a subsequent detailed experimental study, during which the relationships between each of the dedicated elements of subjective control will be established. For example, great practical interest is the understanding of the relationship of "I" - concepts and personal reflection as one of the ways to implement transformative behavior, which opens up new opportunities in the field of psychological training of specialists whose activities are saturated with the situation of problem-conflict nature.

There is no less promising to study the dynamics of a system of subjective control in both the ontogenesis of the personality and in various sociocultural contexts, which will give an answer to questions about the mechanisms for the formation of elements of subjective control, on the degree of their dependence on environmental and ethnic factors, on individual and phenomenological differences in the nature manifestations of various types of internal control.

We have chosen the direction of labor analysis of the teacher turned out to be

143 It is quite heuristic to solve the tasks and objectives of the study, as it allowed to determine the range of subjective control in real pedagogical activities. This applies primarily to the disclosure of the impact of subjective control on stylishing and personalization.

Comparison of the obtained model of subjective control with studies of pedagogical activities made it possible to transform it into a model of professional subjective control.

Theoretically mean the following types of dependencies: between the levels of subjective control and styles of pedagogical activity and communication, degree of innovation and the possibilities of positive personalization of the teacher.

It is shown that there is a certain interaction between the levels of subjective professional control: the characteristics of the concept level affect the content and methods of the implementation of tactical and operational. In turn, the degree of development of the operational self-control and the peculiarities of tactical control determine the likelihood and quality of the "prescriptions" of the conceptual level in the context of concrete interaction.

The situation is also substantiated about the disintegration of subjective control levels may cause the effect of inadequate or negative personalization or even depersonalization of the teacher. The meaningless contradiction of the elements of the system under consideration of the subjective control of professional activity M "It has a personal growth barriers.

Analysis of environmental and personal factors interacting in the genesis of the professional formation of a teacher made it possible to allocate among them those that directly influence

144 on the formation of subjective professional control. It is important in determining reserves and mechanisms for the development of personal and professional maturity of pedagogical personnel.

Obviously, depending on the dependencies require the subsequent broad empirical check, the accumulation of statistical data and the definitions of correlation dependences at different groups of teachers. This will determine the dynamics of the mechanisms of a system of subjective professional control at different stages of professional formation. However, already on. The materials of our study legally conclude the possibility of consideration of the level of development of subjective control as the criterion of personality and professional maturity of man.

As a result of the empirical study of the characteristics of subjective professional monitoring and summarizing the data obtained, we revealed the following:

There are individually typological features in the development of a system of professional subjective control, which expressed in the level of integration of three structural elements - conceptual, strategic and operational.

Features of integration are manifested in the nature of the success of the decision of the professional problems of various Procedures: Determination of Pedagogical Actors Strategies; personal reflection in professional situations containing the problem-conflict meaning and the level of arbitrariness of mastering functional states;

There are individual-typological features in the prevailing of individual structures of a subjective control system, manifested in various self-assessments of the success of solving the problems of self-monitoring of a different level, as well as in the adequacy of this self-assessment to real professional behavior;

As a result of the totality of the data obtained, the conditional typology of teachers was carried out: strategists, tactics, operators.

Strategists "are characterized by the ability to manifest professional independence and responsibility at the level of innovation, developed by the individual concept of pedagogical labor." Tactics "are well solved by professionally professional-pedagogical situations containing problem-conflict meaning, but it is difficult to develop individual conceptual models of activity." Operators " Show a high level of arbitrariness of mastering with functional states, but within the framework of the definition of the pedagogical purpose and the definiteness of the set of ways to implement it.

The developed correctional-developing program "Development of a subjective control system in the professional activity of the teacher" allows you to implement the principle of the subject's business entity in the situation of improving professional training.

Approbation of the program made it possible to state that the system of subjective personality control can be developed, to form and adjust through a specially developed system of training activities, due to the development of elements of subjective professional control, the personal growth of the teacher is facing.

The productive areas of research may be: studying the mechanisms for the implementation of various forms of subject self-control at each of the stages of the professional development of the teacher, as well as the consideration of the problem of the dependence of personal semantic barriers to the student's teacher from the specifics of the teacher's subject self-control.

References dissertation research candidate of Psychological Sciences Scherbakova, Tatyana Nikolaevna, 1994

1. Asmolov A.G. The basic principles of psychological analysis in theory of activity // Questions of psychology. 1982. N 2. P.14-27,

2. Asmolov A.G, personality as a subject of psychological research, M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 1984. 105 p.

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