Municipal educational institution "Ushakovo secondary school"
Chemistry teacher: Yu.N. Zubova
year 2012
Ushakovo village
1. Labyrinths
Find the path that will take you to the finish line. Start walking through the maze from the top left cell. If the judgment entered in this cell is correct, then continue along the arrow marked “yes”. If this judgment is incorrect, then you should continue along the arrow marked “no”. To fully assimilate the information given in the maze, choose different cells of the maze as starting points.
"Hydrogen"
2. Puzzles
A rebus is usually called the image of a word or a whole sentence using a combination of letters, numbers, pictures, signs, etc. Hence, rebus is a puzzle that requires intelligence, imagination and thought to solve.
In order to solve and compose puzzles, you need to know some rules and techniques that are used in composing them.
1. The names of all objects depicted in the rebus are read only in the nominative case.
2. The depicted object may have not one, but two or more names, for example: “eye” and “eye”.
3. If in the name of an object it is necessary to discard one or two letters at the beginning or end of the word, use
drawing, this means that you need to discard the first letter from its name, if it is at the top right of the drawing, then the last one. If there are two commas, then two letters are discarded accordingly, and so on.
4. If two objects or two letters are drawn one inside the other, then their names are read with the addition of “v”.
5. If any letter consists of another letter, then read with the addition of “from”.
6. If behind a letter or object there is another letter or object, then you need to read it with the addition of “for”.
7. If one figure or letter is drawn under another, then you need to read it with the addition of “on”, “above” or “under”.
8. If another letter is written after one letter, “leaning” against it, then read with the addition of “by”.
9. If one letter lies next to another, “leaning” against it, then read with the addition of “u”.
10. If an object is drawn upside down, then its name must be read from the end.
11. If an object is drawn, and a letter is written next to it and then crossed out, this means that this letter must be eliminated from the resulting word. If there is another letter above the crossed out letter, this means that it is necessary to replace the crossed out letter with it.
12. If next to the picture there are numbers 4, 2, 3, 1, then this means that the fourth letter of the name of the picture is read first, then the second, etc.
13. In rebuses, individual syllables “do”, “re”, “mi”, “fa” are often represented by the corresponding notes.
14. The meaning of pictures or symbols is written one after another without spaces or punctuation marks. The resulting series of letters is divided according to their meaning into individual words, which make up a phrase,
These puzzles encode the names of chemical elements (1, 2, 5), simple and complex substances (4), as well as natural and chemical phenomena (3).
Try to encrypt the names of other chemical elements and phenomena in the form of puzzles. This type of assignment can be given to students at home and then used in class.
No. 1: a) iron, b) nitrogen, c) arsenic, d) copper, e) sodium, f) tin.
№ 6. THE FUTURE OF THE GREAT DISCOVERY.
This rebus encrypts the statement of D.I. Mendeleev about the future fate of his great discovery - the periodic law and the periodic system chemical elements, which immortalized the name of the outstanding Russian scientist. Solve the puzzle and think about what scientific discoveries and the facts confirm this idea. How many chemical elements have been discovered since 1869? How many elements "will it take" to complete the 7th period?
Answer:“The future does not threaten the periodic law with destruction, but only superstructures and development are promised.” No. 7. WHO IS THE AUTHOR? -
Answer:“System D.I. Mendeleev is a guiding thread in the development of the theory of the electronic structure of the atom” (Niels Bohr).
№ 8. "READING MENDELEEV".
Two lines from S. Shchipachev’s poem “Reading Mendeleev” are encrypted here. Solve this puzzle; try to find full text poem and read it. Think also: is the poet right with scientific point view in the passage given here? Try to write poems that reflect the laws of chemistry or its basic principles and theories.
Answer:“Everything - from small grains of sand to planets - consists of single elements...”
Answer: 1. Tin. 2. Astatine. 3. Vanadium. 4. Bismuth. 5. Sodium. 6. Titan.
No. 10. Metals and non-metals
Answer: 1. Nickel. 2. Iodine. 3. Nitrogen. 4. Boron. 5. Manganese. 6. Silicon. 7. Arsenic. 8. Carbon. 9. Zirconium. 10. Argon. 11. Copper. 12. Krypton.
3. Crosswords
1) Crosswords on the names of chemical elements.
No. 1. Fill in the empty cells with the Russian names of the following chemical elements: Ag, Br, Fe, H, I, O, Sn.
No. 2. The key word is a profession related to chemistry: 1) C1, 2) Zn, 3) Br, 4) K, 5) Ni. (Chemist.)
2) Crossword puzzle to review initial chemical concepts(№ 3).
The key word is one of the ways to separate the mixture. (Evaporation.)
1. Physical properties of substances. (Color.)
2. Chemical element As. (Arsenic.)
3. An object that can be a “dangerous toy” in the hands of children. (Matches.)
4. An object that is attached to a tripod. (Paw.)
5. Glassware for chemical reactions. (Test tube.)
6. Chemical element Zn. (Zinc.)
7. Physical properties of substances. (Hardness.)
8. 2Fe(OH) 3 = Fe 2 O 3 + 3H 2 O - type of reaction. (Decomposition.)
9. Chemical element In. (Indium.)
10.An item that is used for filtering.
(Filter.)
11. Chemical element? + Sulfur = sulfide of this chemical element. (Iron.)
3) Crossword on the properties of oxygen (No. 4).
The key word is the name of the most common chemical element in the earth's crust. (Oxygen.)
Substances that are produced by the combustion of various substances in oxygen. (Oxides.)
4) Crosswords on the properties of hydrogen and acids.
No. 5. The key word is the name of the star closest to Earth, on which the chemical element hydrogen predominates. (Sun.)
1. Complex substances that react with hydrogen to produce metals. (Oxides.)
2. A substance that is formed when hydrogen burns in oxygen. (Water.)
3. Acids consisting of hydrogen atoms and another chemical element. (Oxygen-free.)
4. An acid that easily decomposes into carbon monoxide (IV) and water. (Coal.)
5. Metal that directly interacts with hydrogen. (Calcium.)
6. Acid, by the level of production of which one can judge the power of the country’s chemical industry. (Sulfur.)
No. 6. The key word is the name of a substance that changes its color depending on the reaction of the environment (acidic or alkaline). (Indicator.)
1. Substances in solutions of which blue litmus changes color to red. (Acids.)
2. Salts of carbonic acid. (Carbonates.)
3. The lightest gas. (Hydrogen.)
4. The name of the scientist who discovered hydrogen. (Cavendish.)
5. Complex substances consisting of two elements, one of which is oxygen. (Oxides.)
6. An English scientist, at whose suggestion the atomic masses of chemical elements were expressed in hydrogen units. (Dalton.)
7. An acid that is part of aqua regia. (Nitrogen.)
8. A substance that is formed when hydrogen burns in oxygen. (Water.)
9. The name of the compound of a chemical element with hydrogen, which is rich in the springs of the Matsesta resort. (Hydrogen sulfide.)
5) Crossword on the properties of water and solutions (No. 7).
The key word is the name of the chemical element first obtained as a result of nuclear fusion. (Technetium.)
The process that results in water that exhibits all its characteristic properties. (Cleaning.)
2. External condition on which the dissolution of gases in water depends. (Pressure.)
3. An area of human activity that requires large amounts of clean water. (Technique.)
4. A substance that disinfects water and leaves no aftertaste. (Ozone.)
5. A method of preparing solids for dissolution, which significantly speeds up this process. (Chopping.)
6. Water purification method. (Distillation.)
7. Devices used to purify water from water-insoluble impurities. (Filters.)
8. Metal whose density is less than the density of water. (Sodium.)
6) Crossword on the periodic table of chemical elements D.I. Mendeleev and the structure of matter.
No. 8. Key words - type of atoms with the same nuclear charge. (Chemical element.)
1. Chemical element with serial number 17 in the periodic table. (Chlorine.)
2. A process accompanied by the release of electrons. (Otshs- laziness.)
3. A chemical element named after the great Russian scientist. (Mendelevium.)
4. A chemical element whose electronic structure is 2)8)8)1). (Potassium.)
5. Water-soluble bases. (Alkalis.)
6. A chemical element whose atoms have the frontal formula Is 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4. (Sulfur.) . ","..
7. Property of atoms that D.I. Mendeleev took it as the basis for the systematization of chemical elements. (Weight.)
8. A property of the atoms of a chemical element that is of greatest importance for fluorine. (Electronegativity.)
9. Charged particles. (Ions.)
10. Elementary particles, the number of which may differ between atoms of the same chemical element. (Neutrons.)
11. What was the name of the chemical element with serial number 32 before its discovery? (Ecasilicium.)
12. The property of atoms of a chemical element to form two or more simple substances. (Allotropy.)
13. Elementary particles, the movement of which determines many physical properties metals (Electrons.)
14. Type of crystal lattice in diamond. (Atomic.)
15. A chemical element whose name comes from the name of the planet. (Neptunium.)
16. Chemical bond between ions. (Ionic.)
17. Atoms that differ in atomic mass, but having the same atomic charge. (Isotopes.)
№ 9. Keyword - the name of the chemical elements of the 7th group of the main subgroup.(Halogens.)
1. A chemical element whose properties were predicted by D.I. Mendeleev. (Germanium.)
2. Chemically indivisible particle. (Atom.)
3. One of states of aggregation substance widely distributed in nature. (Ice.)
4. Chemical element of platinum metals. (Osmium.)
5. Chemical element whose electronic formula is Is 2. (Helium.)
6. Chemical element with atomic number 63. (Europium.)
7. A type of covalent bond. (Nonpolar.)
8. Chemical element of the 5th group of the main subgroup. (Arsenic.)
7) Crossword puzzle on repetition of halogens (No. 10.)
The key word is the name of a chemical element in honor of the famous Soviet physicist. (Kurchatovy.)
1. A metal whose compounds with chlorine are part of bleach. (Calcium.)
2. A phenomenon observed when crystalline iodine was heated. (Sublimation.).
3. The most active non-metal. (Fluorine.)
4. Name of a famous physicist, student E. Rutherford, who discovered the neutron in 1932 year. (Chadwig.)
5. Material resistant to acids, alkalis and oxides; liters. (fluoroplastic)
6. Least active halogen. (Astat.)
7. A halogen whose compound has a calming effect on the nervous system. (Bromine.)
8. A substance widespread in nature, decomposed by fluorine. (Water.)
9. A metal that is part of table salt. (Sodium.)
10. A metal that reacts violently with iodine under the influence of water. (Aluminum.)
4. Riddle stories
Riddle stories- these are problems and, if you like, fiction. Interwoven into the plot of the story are certain questions, problems, situations or tasks that the hero, and with him the student, must complete or solve. When solving a riddle story, you should read the text carefully, as it usually contains hints that make it easier to complete the task.
The house that M built.
The house in which Uncle Odor lives was built according to the design of the greatest architect of all times, M., who lived in the 19th century. Actually, this is not a house, but a large seven-story palace in which friends, colleagues and just acquaintances live.
It cannot be said that all residents have a kind, even and flexible character. Someone is friends with someone, and another seeks to avoid this friendship; some you can’t spill with water, and others you’ll never see together. Nevertheless, everyone gets along well in this wonderful house.
On the ground floor there is a large hall and only three living rooms. Sir Leah lives in one of them, and Uncle Odor occupies the other two.
There are only eight apartments on the second and third floors, which is why they, together with the first, are called small floors. There are many more rooms on the upper, larger floors. On the fourth and fifth - eighteen each, on the sixth - thirty-two.
The seventh floor has not yet been completed, but according to the project, thirty-two apartments are also planned there.
So joyful and interesting housewarmings are expected ahead. After all, each resident of this house is a bright individual. True, the members of the two surnames are surprisingly similar at first glance, there are even twins, but you should take a closer look and you will see how different they are.
It is necessary to say about the features of this house. Firstly, the transitions from one floor to another are arranged in the form of a spiral. To get to the upper floors, you need to go up the stairs and then along the long corridor to the next floor. From each such corridor, separate doors lead to the residents’ rooms.
The arrangement of apartments on floors in the house is deeply thought out, and they (apartments) are distributed taking into account the family ties between the residents. Relatives along the direct and lateral lines can visit each other, bypassing the corridors on the floors, because the rooms along the entire height of the house are located strictly one above the other, and there are transitional stairs between them.
Only two big families live together. Taking into account family traditions, an exception was made for them and these families were allocated separate outbuildings, one on the sixth floor, the other on the seventh floor.
Here we need to once again pay attention to the foresight of the architect. After all, at the first stage of planning the palace, only sixty-three applications for residence in it were received. However, the architect M. took into account possible demographic changes and included about thirty additional apartments in the project in anticipation of the future. And he was not mistaken: now there are one hundred and ten residents registered in this house.
Questions:
Who is the author of the extraordinary house project and what kind of house is it? What do you know about the seven floors of the house and the residents on each floor? What two families are mentioned in the story and what are their family traditions? How many more apartments remain to be occupied on the seventh floor? For which residents did architect M. provide empty or spare apartments in his project? Who are direct and collateral relatives?
Answer: The house referred to in the story is D.I.'s periodic table of chemical elements. Mendeleev. It consists of seven periods (floors), each of which has a strictly defined number of elements (tenants).
For all elements, the position in the system is uniquely determined, with the exception of hydrogen. Due to the atomic structure and properties similar to the properties of alkali metals and halogens, hydrogen is simultaneously placed in the 1st and 7th groups of the periodic table.
The first three periods are called small, and the next three periods are called large. The 7th period is still called incomplete. If we continue it by analogy with the pattern of filling the elements of the 6th period, then the 7th period will end with a noble gas with serial number 118.
In the usual version of the periodic table, two families of chemical elements - lanthanides and actinides - are placed outside the table (in separate wings). The structure of the outer electronic levels of these elements is similar, so they have similar properties.
In the history of chemistry there have been many “discoveries” of imaginary elements that were actually mixtures of several lanthanides with very similar properties. This is how chemical elements with the names appeared - PRASEODIUM (light green twin) and NEODYDIUM (new twin).
Since the discovery of the periodic law, science has known only 63 chemical elements. However, D.I. Mendeleev brilliantly predicted the existence of many more undiscovered elements, leaving empty cells (vacant apartments) in the table for them. The scientist's predictions were brilliantly confirmed.
Direct and lateral relatives are chemical elements within a certain group).
Detective game.
There is a metal fireproof safe in the room. There is a note on his handle: “Solve the problem and the safe will open.”
Task. Prepare three hydroxides so that the first is acidic, the second is basic, and the third is amphoteric properties. Everything you need is in this safe. On the top shelf there are reagents in a single row. It is known that:
1. Salt is in a bag, and zinc is in a jar.
2. The mass of the liquid is 500 g.
3. The mass of the substance in the crystalline state is 200 g, it is next to the flask.
4. To the right of zinc is a non-metal, even further to the right is copper sulfate.
5. The mass of the substance in the bottle is 300 g, and in the jar it is 2 times less than in the bag.
6. To the right of the solution is metal.
7. Reagents include sulfur, potassium hydroxide and water.
8. To the left of the solution is the substance in the bottle, and the second to the right is the powder.
9. The mass of one of the substances is 400 g.
10. The oxide is not in the form of granules.
Determine How are the substances stored and in what order do they appear on the shelf?
Answer. Based on the conditions of the task, it can be determined that there were five substances and in the middle of the row on the shelf there was zinc.
Draw a table and fill it out.
Place a little sulfur in a spoon for burning substances, light it on an alcohol lamp and add the burning sulfur into a flask with a small amount of water at the bottom. As a result of hydration of sulfur oxide (4), sulfurous acid (acid hydroxide) was formed in the flask. The base (copper hydroxide) can be obtained by an exchange reaction between a solution of copper sulfate prepared from copper sulfate and an alkali solution.
Amphoteric hydroxide (zinc hydroxide) is prepared in two stages. Having prepared a solution of copper sulfate, part of it is used to obtain copper hydroxide, and zinc granules are added to the second part. Thus, a solution of zinc sulfate and metallic copper in the precipitate were obtained. Now carefully pour the salt solution into a clean test tube and add a few drops of alkali solution. Separate the precipitate of zinc hydroxide by filtration.
Minerals of the Black Magician.
In one of the halls of the Black Magician exhibition, the exhibition began with samples of rather inconspicuous limestones. Next were individual blocks and polished slabs of snow-white, black, red, gray and multi-colored marble.
A special place was given to shell rock. The monolith, compressed over millions of years from the smallest and larger shells, served as the basis for the interior of the hall. In its niches, on ledges, partitions and stands, hundreds of minerals and shells of mollusks of the most various types and sizes. Mother of pearl, pearls, and skeletons of coral polyps also consist mainly of this compound.
Even chalk, a soft sedimentary rock composed of the skeletons of microorganisms, has the same composition.
The Black Magician took a piece of chalk from the stand and in capital letters wrote a chemical compound (name it) on a slab of black marble.
Answer: The exposition of the collection was represented by minerals and samples of inorganic and animal origin, consisting mainly of calcium carbonate, the formula of which was written by the Black Magician with chalk on a slab of black marble).
5. Kaleidoscope of mysteries
1) CHARADES.
Charades- these are riddles, the answers to which are solved in parts. For example, two words MOUSE and YAK, when combined with each other, form the whole word ARSENIC
The answer to the next charade consists of two syllables SOP and BIT, encrypted in the first half of the riddle. In general, both words, when combined, form the word SORBIT - hexahydric alcohol, a sugar substitute for patients with diabetes.
My first syllable is being swept away with a broom.
The informant considers the second syllable.
In general, I will say, dear friends,
For many patients, I use it instead of sugar.
The first syllable is a well-known preposition.
The second syllable is more difficult to find:
Part of it will be a number,
Add the letter I to it.
To find out the whole
You need to name the metal.
Answer: sodium. ,
I am a gas, a simple substance,
My number is two digits.
And my first syllable is a deity,
River is the second syllable.
Answer: radon.
My first syllable means collapse.
My second syllable is tiny.
I am born only in green plants.
Answer - who am I?
Answer: starch.
2) ANAGRAMS- these are riddles, the answers to which are from the same letters. The words GLASS and FLASK, for example, can form an anagram. Having guessed one word in the riddle, you need to rearrange the letters so that you get a new one.
Born in a bright flame.
I am plain and gray.
If you rearrange the letters,
I will become a flexible stem.
Answer: ash - vine.
I am a flammable product
“I live” in the swamps.
But there is one letter
The title is short.
Her jump is fast -
And everything changed:
I have become an element.
So a miracle happened!
Answer: peat - fluorine.
3) METAGRAMS- these are riddles in which are encrypted various words consisting of the same number of letters. Having solved one of the words of the metagram, you need to replace one or more letters in it so that you get a new word according to the meaning of the riddle. For example, the words TIN and WORD can form a metagram.
In the first riddle the word URAL is intended; replacing L with N in it, we get the word URAN, in accordance with the meaning of the second part of the metagram.
The ships are passing me;
The pilot knows it by heart.
If L is replaced by D,
Then I’ll turn out to be metal.
Answer: stranded - copper.
With KA - I am an active metal,
With GE - I am a very light gas.
So that you can unravel us,
Look at the system again.
Answer: potassium - helium.
4) LOGOGRIFHS are riddles that are solved by removing or adding letters or syllables to a scrambled word to form a new word. For example, the words LOTTO and GOLD can form a logograph.
In his free form, he kills everyone.
If “tied”, then they add it to food.
But if we cross out the L in the word,
Then we’ll sing a song together with everyone.
Answer: the word CHLORINE is intended in this riddle; Having crossed out the letter L in it, we get the word CHORUS, corresponding to the meaning of the second part of the logogriff.
Think carefully
To guess the word,
I'm like a life preserver -
Try to name it.
If you put F on me -
I will turn into a non-metal.
Answer: torus - fluorine.
I am metal, you know me.
There is enormous power within me.
If you add B to me,
I will hide the sky in snowy darkness.
Answer: uranium - storm.
Use of non-traditional
teaching methods in chemistry lessons
In our environmentally friendly difficult age studying chemistry at school has two aspects: studying the subject itself and the influence of chemical production on the entire complex of living nature. But how can we teach children to be not only listeners and contemplators, how can we help them, even at their school desks, understand the beauty of the world around them, see a miracle in a drop of water, look at the world through the eyes of a zealous owner of the Earth?
I see this path as awakening children's creativity. A creative atmosphere has a positive effect on the educational activity itself, the interests of students, reveals their individuality, suggests new approaches to learning, and increases the prestige of knowledge in the subject. Therefore, it is necessary to teach children to look at the object being studied through the eyes of the creator. Children's imagination can be awakened if you set a specific goal for the student and introduce him to one of the forms of work.
From the first chemistry lessons, my current eighth-graders are immersed in an atmosphere of creativity, because the teacher has accumulated the material and worked out the forms creative works. Co-creation between the teacher and students begins already in the first lesson - “Compliance with safety precautions in a chemistry lesson.” The traditional approach, when the teacher explains and the students listen and answer the questions posed, is not always effective here. Pedagogical experience suggests that the best mutual understanding can be achieved when students are given tasks from another area known to them.
For example, schoolchildren are asked to solve a rebus. Showing the rebus to the children (Fig. 1), I explain that it was invented by a girl at our school when she was their age.
The students begin to look at it with interest, solve it, and now... some are already running to me to whisper their answers in my ear. A few moments later, in chorus: “Keep your desk clean.”
Question for the class. What does the encrypted phrase have to do with the topic of the lesson “Compliance with safety precautions in a chemistry lesson”?
Next, we introduce the children to the “Safety Instructions”, located in the office and signed by the director of the gymnasium. After the conversation, a book-board opens with a set of letters that need to be read (Fig. 2):
To read this “labyrinth” there is a rule: starting from the top left cell and moving horizontally (left or right) or vertically (up or down), go through all the cells so that the letters form a safety rule. Each cell can be used once.
“You can’t taste chemicals,” is the answer the children give.
Then the students receive the following maze task for home, which they write down and immediately begin to solve (Fig. 3):
Answer.“Keep the test tube with the heated liquid with the opening away from yourself and your comrades.”
On the same day, children receive creative homework: draw a safety rule on a piece of paper or in a notebook.
I will give one example that one of the students brought to the next lesson (Fig. 4). He coded the rule on the chessboard. You can read it if you know how to play chess. So, by moving the rook, starting from a8 to b8, go around the entire board (end point e3) so as to decipher the safety rule. The phrase should be: “In a chemistry lesson, you can do extraneous experiments only by asking the teacher.”
Children enjoy solving chemical crosswords, puzzles, and riddles that they have come up with themselves. In chemistry lessons and in extracurricular activities I use the following elements with chemical content: burime, chemical songs, fables related to ecology, performances. As a result, the child spends the entire time in class in an atmosphere of creative play, rich in scientific concepts, and unnoticed by himself assimilates them.
It would seem that chemistry as a subject of study is far from literary creativity, but in what an amazing way purely chemical concepts are refracted in the minds of children when they are given the task of representing them in artistic images or in the role of literary heroes. At the same time, chemical elements become kind or greedy, noble or treacherous, and acquire human characters. Their relationships with each other and actions affirm the best qualities of a person, that is, they contribute to the humanization of learning.
For example, the type of decomposition reaction is studied, and suddenly this reaction “comes to life”: malachite turns into a merchant - the revived fairy tale “How the merchant Malachite decomposed” is examined.
Great opportunities for development creativity children are taught by studying one of the main and most difficult topics - the periodic law and the periodic system of D.I. Mendeleev. The clarity and imagery of presenting a difficult topic in an entertaining way makes it easier for children to understand and master the tasks set by the teacher. Difficulties in perceiving complex theoretical material, its abstraction, the inability to look inside and understand the periodic system and the structure of the atom create problems and dislike for the subject for many.
Shifting the emphasis when studying a topic from “you need to remember, memorize” to the plane of “invent, create, you can do it” changes the approach to the problem. Predicted academic failure is transformed into a creative solution. The result is the joy of learning and satisfaction with what has been achieved.
Our creative team has created an illustrated educational fairy tale in chemistry, “The Incredible Journey of Hydrogen on D.I. Mendeleev’s Table,” which we consider a kind of pedagogical find. This approach will help chemistry teachers when teaching the subject, and children will be able to master the difficult theoretical section of the program without coercion.
In the fairy tale Hydrogen - Ashka - in search of a friend, meets such chemical elements as helium, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and gets acquainted with the properties of other chemical elements and their compounds. The plot of the fairy tale is fantastic, but at its core it contains quite scientific facts. In the fairy tale, chemical elements and the substances formed by them “come to life” in an entertaining way. Chemical elements act as fairy-tale heroes, they have both specific properties and human traits. The light humorous style of narration and figurative drawings well reflect the properties of chemical elements.
I would like to note that this educational fairy tale has received recognition from children, teachers, parents, and the public. Its first part was awarded the Silver Medal of the USSR Exhibition of Economic Achievements. As part of other creative works, the first and second parts were presented by me in a report at the Soviet-American Conference of Science Teachers in Moscow. The third part of the educational fairy tale (21 frames) has been created; the artist’s work on the third part of “The Incredible Journey of Hydrogen on the Periodic Table” will be completed in the near future.
Of great interest is the “talking” periodic system of chemical elements, which was created by students of gymnasium No. 91 in Ufa. The peculiarity of the new system is that for each element scientific material has been collected on its use in various fields. Symbols for the specific properties of elements in simple and complex substances have been invented and used. The table catches a child's eye. Looking at it, the guys suddenly discover that this table does not need to be memorized, but on the contrary, they should turn to it for a hint.
In lessons and various competitions we use the intellectual game developed in our gymnasium based on the periodic system “Guess the Element”. Students guess the intended chemical element by asking questions about its properties and occurrence in nature and answering “yes” or “no.” While playing, children learn a lot of new things and strive to further comprehend the unknown.
To one of the lessons, the girl brought a rebus (Fig. 5), in which she encoded the meaning of chemistry among other sciences. It's not difficult to figure it out. But how touching and beautiful its content is: “Chemistry is the science of the world!”
A creative student sits at a school desk and learns the basics of chemistry, not yet knowing what profession he will choose in life: a doctor or a lawyer, a teacher or an economist, a pilot or an artist... But we can say with confidence that in any field he will be a caring person with an active life position, a creative person.
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One day I read some wonderful poems and thought that they were addressed to us teachers who love to teach and moralize in the classroom, no matter what subject we teach. These are the verses:
So we, without “nails,” try to interest, and not force. Almost half of the chemistry course is studied using non-traditional methods, involving playful forms, which significantly increases interest in the subject. Some of the presented materials were published in the magazines “Teacher of Bashkortostan”, “Teacher’s Newspaper”, and reported at Russian conferences in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Chelyabinsk, Ufa
The game involves 2 teams of players (grades 8–9). A week before the game, teams are tasked with choosing a captain, coming up with a name for their team and emblems for the players, and making signs with the team name. 3 days before the game, both teams become familiar with the rules of solving puzzles and practice solving charades, anagrams, and metagrams.
To play the game you need 2 presenters. The 1st presenter must work with the slides, read the conditions of the tasks chosen by the players. The 2nd leader must lead the entire game. In addition, you need 2 people who must demonstrate entertaining experiments and tricks.
Anyone from grades 8–9, 11 can be invited as spectators to the event.
Tricks are demonstrated after “Anagrams 30” and “Charades 20”.
After answering “Rebuses 25”, the entertaining experiment “Fireproof Scarf” is demonstrated.
After answering “Metagrams 50”, the entertaining “Volcano” experiment is demonstrated.
Goals: to develop educational, cognitive and information and communication competencies of students, cognitive interest in the subject of chemistry; develop organization, responsibility, and ability to work in a group.
Equipment: electronic presentation “Kaleidoscope of chemical mysteries”, plates with team names, emblems for players, a stage table, a heating device, paper with the inscription “Good luck” (the inscription was made the day before with dilute sulfuric acid using a glass rod), a crystallizer with water, a crystallizer with ethyl alcohol, handkerchief, glass rod, ammonium dichromate (crystals), for tricks: the periodic table of chemical elements, a poster with the signs of the elements Na, O, H. The teams were given on the tables: the periodic table, a printed playing field, sheets of paper for each player, pens.
Presenter 1: Dear friends! We are starting the game “Kaleidoscope of Chemical Riddles”. Today we have 2 teams in the game. Let's welcome our players! (Introduction to teams and captains.)
Now let's get acquainted with the rules of the game. Before us is the playing field. It consists of 5 nominations: “Simply riddles”, “Anagrams”, “Rebuses”, “Charades”, “Metagrams”.
Presenter 2: Each nomination is represented by 5 tasks of varying difficulty. The difficulty of a task can be judged by its code number: the larger the number, the more difficult task and, accordingly, the team will earn more points if they answer correctly. Teams choose a task in turn, naming the nomination and the task code number (sum of points for the correct answer), for example, “Rebuses 10”. You are given 1 minute to think about each task. If the team can answer before this time, then the captain gives a signal and the team answers ahead of schedule. An early answer, if correct, will earn each team member a surprise prize, which players will receive at the end of the game. If the early answer is incorrect, the right to answer the riddle question passes to the opposing team. The teams have paper playing fields on their tables. Please mark those tasks that have already been selected so that there are no repetitions.
We will determine which team will choose first by drawing lots. (captains participate in the draw).
Presenter 1: Now let's get acquainted with the nominations. The easiest nominations are “Simply riddles” and “Rebuses”. The nominations “Anagrams”, “Charades”, “Metagrams” are presented with more complex tasks, but if successful they will bring the teams an impressive amount of points.
The “Simply Riddles” category presents 5 simple chemical riddles in a classic form. They talk about chemical elements and simple substances. In the “Rebuses” category, players will be offered images that hide the names of chemical elements.
Let us remind you that Anagrams are riddles whose answers consist of the same letters.. For example, the words flask and glass can form an anagram. Having guessed one word in the riddle, you need to rearrange the letters so that you get a new word. You must include both words in your answer.
Presenter 2: In the nomination “Charades” you will hear riddles, the answers to which are solved in parts. For example, two words MOUSE and YAK, when combined with each other, form the whole word ARSENIC. Metagrams are riddles in which different words consisting of the same number of letters are encrypted. Having solved one of the words of the metagram, you need to replace one or more letters in it so that you get a new word according to the meaning of the riddle.
Dear players! Note! If you see a “Smile” emoticon on the question sector, then after completing the task you will be shown a trick. Tasks are marked with a red cloud on the playing field, after which you will be shown an entertaining experience. And our tenth graders Ilya Konstantinov and Fedor Samarkin will do this for you (bow to the audience)
Konstantinov: Friends! Yesterday I found an unusual envelope in our school's mailbox addressed to our teams. There is no return address on it. But the most amazing thing is that the envelope contains a blank sheet of paper!
Samarkin: Nothing special! It's just a letter written with chemical ink. To read such a letter, it needs to be heated. Look! (Demonstration of the “Secret Letter” experiment.) The inscription “Good luck” appeared on the sheet. I join the unknown letter writer in wishing all the players good luck in today's game.
Just riddles 5
Found application in alloy technology
Like a durable and lightweight metal
And in aircraft manufacturing
Took an important place. (Aluminum)
Just riddles 10
Metal in salts is the support of many,
And without him our legs would not carry us. (Calcium)
Just riddles 15
He is called lifeless,
But life cannot be created without it. (Nitrogen)
Just riddles 20
He is not afraid of oxidation,
Plasticity is not surpassed,
In acid without dissolution
He may be there.
To make it easier to guess,
I'll tell you that he
Can only dissolve
Whole in “royal vodka”. (Gold)
Just riddles 25
He's just like a brother to people
Many thousands of years ago
Lighting up the interior
Their primitive caves,
He was already burning in the fire.
And he was happy to decorate
Ladies and knights attire,
What shone at court...
If he decides to be soft,
He will write that in his notebook. (Carbon, diamond, graphite, coal)
Anagrams 10
I am a flammable product
“I live” in the swamps. (Peat)
But there is one letter
The title is short.
Her jump is fast -
And everything changed:
I have become an element.
So a miracle happened! (Fluorine)
Anagrams 20
Born in a bright flame,
I am plain and gray. (Ash)
If you rearrange the letters,
I will become a flexible stem. (Vine)
Anagrams 30
I am the rarest gas on Earth. (Radon)
Radium and lead are close to my heart.
But you will rearrange the letters for me,
And I am a history maker. (People)
Anagrams 40
The letters are on the table in front of us.
Let's arrange them so that they become words.
Here is the first word - one figure,
Note that there are four corners in total. (Rhombus)
And they managed to collect the second word,
We had to find it in the halogens. (Bromine)
Anagrams 50
What a miracle - an anagram!
Four words – a whole series!
One makes us laugh throughout the program. (Clown)
The second one will split everything. (Cleaver)
The third one goes out of his way:
He tries to reject everyone. (Slope)
And the fourth one can immediately
Measure current and decorate. (Pendant)
My first syllable means collapse. (Crash)
My second syllable is tiny. (Small)
I am born only in green plants.
Think about who I am? (Starch)
My first syllable is a big cart. (WHO)
Moral strength is my second syllable. (Spirit)
In general, fulfilling the most important role,
Although invisible, I am always with you. (Air)
My basis is dry grass (Hay)
There are consonants on both ends. (K, n)
In general, I am a gas, dear friends.
And who I am, I think, is clear to you. (Xenon)
My first syllable is a preposition, (from)
The second syllable is a message. (News)
So that you can call me,
Remember the connection. (Lime)
Metagrams 10
The ships are passing me;
The pilot knows it by heart. (stranded)
If L is replaced by D,
Then I’ll turn out to be metal. (Copper)
Metagrams 20
I am a mountainous region on our planet,
My riches are known everywhere. (Ural)
But if you replace L with N for me,
Look for me among the actinides. (Uranus)
Metagrams 30
Two chemical elements
In the metagram I wished for you:
C X – metal element, (Chrome)
Well, with B – I’m already non-metal. (Bromine)
Metagrams 40
Mendeleev was the first to predict me,
The French scientist gave it the name. (Gallium)
If you replace the first letter in it,
You can quickly change my place in the system. (Thallium)
Metagrams 50
S M – unit; (Mole)
S B – I’m in the hospital; (Pain)
S R – I’m on stage; (Role)
And SS is on the table. (Salt)
Who are we? Tell me!
Presenter: (After anagrams 30 ) Dear friends! Now before your eyes Ilya Konstantinov and Fedor Samarkin ( come out) will conduct a session of transmitting thoughts at a distance through words.
Konstantinov: To conduct a session, you need one person from the audience, preferably one who can count well orally. Does anybody want?
(Meeting an eighth-grader, Samarkin is blindfolded)
Konstantinov to an eighth grader: Think of some chemical element and silently show it with a pointer in the table.
Konstantinov to Fedor: Fedor!
(Approaches Samarkin, waves his hands above his head). Concentrate your thoughts on receiving the telepathic signal.
Konstantinov to the eighth grader: find the serial number of the element in the table, but do not say the numbers out loud.
(Pause)
Multiply it by two
(Pause),
add 5 to the product
(Pause).
Multiply the resulting amount by 5
(Pause).
Now say the final result loudly 2 times
(Unties Samarkin’s eyes, Samarkin approaches the table)
Samarkin: an element was conceived... (names the element and shows it in the table) To determine the intended element, the last digit is discarded from the number named by the viewer, and then subtracts 2 from the remaining number. Having calculated the serial number, he finds the desired element in the table and shows it to the audience with a pointer
Presenter 1. (After charades 20) A poster with signs of chemical elements is placed on the board: H, Na, O.
Konstantinov: Dear friends! Now you will see that a telepathic signal can be transmitted not only through a word, but also through the warmth of a hand (blindfolds Samarkin’s eyes).
Anyone want to test Fedor's telepathic abilities?
(Meet the audience)
Go to the poster and silently point to any of the three chemical elements with your pointer. (Unties Samarkin's eyes)
Samarkin : touches various signs on the poster with his hands, as if trying to feel something, and at this time listens carefully to Konstantinov. Focus code: ABOUT - what element? Na- well, what was planned? N – now guess!
Konstantinov: (says the code for Samarkin depending on the situation)
O - what element
Na – well, what was planned?
N - now guess!
Samarkin: ( The code determines the intended element. He holds his hand on it longer and calls it out loud.)
Heat comes from this element... It was conceived... ( Names the element)
The final. Winner's reward ceremony.
Rebuses are drawings, images or symbols that need to be solved or deciphered. Rebuses encrypt individual words, sayings, proverbs, excerpts from works, etc. To solve the rebus, you need to determine the meanings of the given pictures or symbols and write them down one after the other without spaces or punctuation marks. After that, the resulting series of letters is divided according to their meaning into individual words, which make up a phrase. When composing puzzles, they use certain techniques for encrypting text or individual words. For example, the picture shows a house, and to the left of it there is a comma. This means that one initial letter of the word HOUSE is discarded, and the remaining part is written OM.
“Chemistry at leisure”, G.I. Strempler
Six elements 1. Tin, 2. Astatine. 3. Vanadium. 4. Bismuth. 5. Sodium. 6. Titan. Metals and non-metals 1. Nickel. 2. Iodine. 3. Nitrogen. 4. Boron. 5. Manganese. 6. Silicon. 7. Arsenic. 8. Carbon. 9. Zirconium. 10. Argon. 11. Copper. 12. Krypton. “Reading Mendeleev” “Everything - from grains of sand to planets - consists of single elements.” Future…
Many ancient folk riddles have one or another as a solution. chemical phenomena, processes or substances. Don't believe me? Decipher the following puzzles, which are folk riddles, solve them - and you will see that the answers are directly related to chemistry. Thermochemistry in everyday life Disaccharide Carbonate Answers “Chemistry at leisure”, G.I. Strempler
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