Day of the Black Sea Fleet / Photo: loveopium.ru
- an annual holiday celebrated on May 13 in honor of the creation of the Black Sea Fleet. The day was established in 1996 by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy.
In the spring of 1783, after the annexation of the Crimea to Russia, Empress Catherine II signed a decree establishing the Black Sea Fleet.
May 13, 1783 11 ships of the Azov flotilla entered the Akhtiarskaya bay, located in the southwestern part of the Crimean peninsula of the Black Sea, under the command of Vice Admiral F.A. Klokacheva. Later they were joined by 17 ships of the Dnieper flotilla, these first 28 ships and became the combat core of the nascent fleet.
The first staff of the Black Sea Fleet was approved in 1785. For 13 and a half thousand personnel, there were: 12 battleships, 20 frigates, 5 schooners, 23 transport ships. The fleet was controlled by the Black Sea Admiralty, established in Kherson.
In 1784, by decree of Catherine II, the city of Akhtiar was named Sevastopol. Translated from Greek, the word "Sevastopol" means "majestic".
Soon the city and port of Sevastopol became the main base of the Russian fleet on the Black Sea. The history of the fleet was glorified by outstanding Russian naval commanders: Fyodor Ushakov, Mikhail Lazarev, Pavel Nakhimov, Vladimir Istomin, Vladimir Kornilov.
The sailors of the Black Sea Fleet became famous in many battles, defending the borders of the Motherland and successfully fulfilling the tasks assigned to them - in the Russian-Turkish War of 1787-1791, in the Crimean War of 1853-1856, in the First World War and, of course, during the Great World War II.
Russian Black Sea Fleet sailors / Photo: img.gazeta.ru
Today the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy is an operational and strategic formation of the Russian Navy on the Black Sea. As an integral part of the country's navy, it is a means of ensuring Russia's military security in the south. The headquarters of the Black Sea Fleet is located in Sevastopol.
The main tasks of the Black Sea Fleet at the present time are: protection of the economic zone and areas of industrial activity, suppression of illegal industrial activity; ensuring the safety of navigation; implementation of foreign policy actions of the government in economically important areas of the World Ocean (visits, business visits, joint exercises, actions as part of peacekeeping forces, etc.).
Emblem of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy / Photo: ru.wikipedia.org
To carry out the assigned tasks, the Black Sea Fleet includes submarines, surface ships for operations in the ocean and near sea zones, naval missile-carrying, anti-submarine and fighter aircraft, and coastal troops.
On the very same holiday, the main celebrations are organized in the cities where the Black Sea Fleet units are based. In Sevastopol, traditionally on this day, a solemn laying of wreaths and flowers is held at the monument to the Black Sea sailors and the monument to Catherine II, festive concerts, meetings with fleet veterans and other events are organized.
MOSCOW, Calend.ru
21
"On the introduction of annual holidays and professional days in the specialty."
The Black Sea Fleet (Black Sea Fleet) is an operational and strategic formation of the Russian Navy in the Black Sea and is a means of ensuring Russia's military security in the south of the country. To fulfill the assigned tasks, the Black Sea Fleet includes diesel submarines, surface ships for operations in the ocean and near sea zones, naval missile-carrying, anti-submarine and fighter aircraft, and parts of coastal forces.
The history of the origin and formation of the Black Sea Fleet dates back to the second half of the 18th century, when Russia achieved major successes in the struggle for access to the seas and established itself on the shores of the Azov and Black Seas. In 1773, the Black Sea squadron, created on the basis of the Azov flotilla, successfully operated on the Black Sea. She was based in Kerch and carried out a cruising service between Balaklava, Feodosia and Sudzhuk-Kale (now Novorossiysk) in two detachments.
The squadron consisted of small vessels that were unable to withstand the Turkish fleet on the high seas. In this regard, on December 22 (December 11, old style), 1775, a decree of Catherine II was issued, which determined the main directions of the construction of the fleet on the Black Sea. In 1778, the city of Kherson with a shipyard was founded for the construction of deep-seated sea vessels and their output directly to the Black Sea.
At this time, despite the peace treaty signed in 1774, a difficult diplomatic struggle for the Crimea unfolded between Russia and Turkey. As a result of hard work and comprehensive justification, supported by decisive movements of the Russian troops, on April 19 (April 8, old style), 1783, Catherine II issued a manifesto on the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Empire.
To protect the lands conquered from Turkey and ensure navigation in the Black Sea, Russia needed a strong fleet. For a long time, they searched for convenient locations for the main forces of the fleet. One of these bays was Akhtiarskaya, located on the southwestern coast of the Crimean peninsula, near the ruins of ancient Chersonesos.
On May 13 (May 2, old style), 1783, a squadron of five frigates and eight other ships of the Azov flotilla under the command of Vice-Admiral Fedot Klokachev, who was appointed in January 1783 as commander of the "fleet launched in the Black and Azov Seas", arrived in Akhtiarskaya Bay. Since that time, the naval forces in southern Russia began to be called the Black Sea Fleet (BSF), and the date of the entry of the Azov flotilla forces into the Akhtiar Bay is considered to be the day of the creation of the Black Sea Fleet.
Akhtiarskaya Bay became the main base for the ships of the fleet. On June 14 (June 3, old style), 1783, the first four buildings of the future city and port were laid in a solemn atmosphere. Initially, it was called Akhtiar (White Cliff), and then, in accordance with the decree of Catherine II of February 21 (February 10, old style) in 1784, it was named Sevastopol ("Worthy City").
In 1785, the first staff of the Black Sea Fleet was approved, according to which it was supposed to have 12 ships of the line, 20 large frigates, five combat schooners, 18 transport and auxiliary ships.
In the XVIII-XIX centuries, the Black Sea Fleet successfully operated in the wars of Russia with Turkey, France and other states (victories at Fidonisi, Kaliakria, Corfu, in the Athos and Sinop naval battles, and others). Black Sea sailors fought valiantly during the Sevastopol defense of 1854-1855. After the defeat in the Crimean War of 1853-1856, Russia lost the right to have a navy in the Black Sea.
Only after the abolition of these restrictions in 1871, she began to create the Black Sea Fleet under the program for the construction of a steam armored fleet.
By the beginning of the twentieth century, the Black Sea Fleet had become a serious military force in southern Russia. By the fall of 1917, it numbered 177 warships and had a transport flotilla.
The sailors of the Black Sea Fleet took an active part in the revolutionary events of 1917, and from the spring of 1918 they took part in the struggle against the advancing forces of the German troops. After the occupation of the Crimea and Sevastopol, the Black Sea Fleet moved to Novorossiysk, where, in order to avoid capture by the Germans in June 1918, almost all ships were sunk.
In May 1920, the Naval Forces of the Black and Azov Seas were formed as part of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Fleet (RKKF) (from January 1935, the Black Sea Fleet again). The restoration of the Black Sea Fleet began, strengthening it at the expense of ships transferred from the Baltic. In 1929-1937, he received more than 500 warships of various classes, hundreds of combat aircraft. An air force (VVS), coastal defense and an air defense system of the Black Sea Fleet were created.
By the beginning of World War II (1941-1945), the Black Sea Fleet included the battleship Parizhskaya Kommuna (later renamed Sevastopol), cruisers Krasny Krym, Voroshilov, Molotov, three leaders, 14 destroyers, 47 submarines, 15 minesweepers, four gunboats, two patrol ships, a minelayer, 34 torpedo boats, ten hunting boats, auxiliary vessels.
The Navy's Air Force consisted of 625 aircraft.
During the war, the Black Sea Fleet defended its bases and coastlines, defended its communications, operated on enemy communications, and delivered air strikes against its coastal targets. Together with the ground forces, he defended Odessa, Sevastopol, Novorossiysk, Tuapse, participated in the battle for the Caucasus, in the Kerch-Feodosia and Kerch-Eltigen landing operations. Subsequently, he took part in the Novorossiysko-Taman, Crimean, Odessa, Yassko-Kishinev operations. During the war years, the fleet conducted 24 landing operations, 835 enemy ships and vessels were sunk, 539 damaged. For military merits, 18 ships, units and formations of the Black Sea Fleet were awarded the title of Guards, 228 Black Sea soldiers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Subsequently, after restoring the infrastructure destroyed by the war, the Black Sea Fleet performed tasks to protect the southern borders of the country. Ships, submarines and aircraft of the fleet carried out the tasks of carrying out combat service in various regions of the World Ocean. In 1965, the Black Sea Fleet was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
After the collapse of the USSR, from August 1992, the Black Sea Fleet existed as a united (Russian Federation and Ukraine). According to bilateral agreements on the Black Sea Fleet in 1995 and 1997, the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation and the Ukrainian Navy with separate basing were created on its basis, the status of the Russian fleet on the territory of Ukraine was determined.
On June 12, 1997, the historic St. Andrew's flag was raised again on the ships of the Russian Black Sea Fleet, under which the Black Sea residents resumed the participation of forces in long voyages not only in the Mediterranean Sea, but also in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans.
In 2010, the Black Sea Fleet organizationally became part of the Southern Military District.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources
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Today, May 13, Russia celebrates the Day of the Black Sea Fleet. In a new format, as a holiday of an integral part of the Russian Navy, the Day of the Russian Black Sea Fleet was established in 1996.
The date of celebration was chosen in connection with such a military-historical event as the entry of eleven ships of the Azov flotilla into the Akhtiar Bay on May 13, 1783. The flotilla was commanded by Vice Admiral Fedot Alekseevich Klokachev, a naval commander, a participant in the Battle of Chesme.
He became the first commander of the created Russian Black Sea Fleet.
The centers of celebrations today are two hero cities: Sevastopol and Novorossiysk, which until recently were separated not only by the sea surface, but also by the state border. Today, there is no border between these glorious cities, and the surface of the Black Sea now connects them as two bases of one of the fleets of the Russian Navy - the famous Black Sea.
This year is special for the Russian Black Sea Fleet. Why? - After all, the date is not at all an anniversary. And the point is that it was in 2017 that the Agreement between the Russian Federation and Ukraine on the status and conditions of the stay of the Russian Black Sea Fleet in Crimea expired. The agreement was signed in 1997. Then Viktor Chernomyrdin from Russia and Pavel Lazarenko from Ukraine put their signatures on the document with the possibility of its prolongation.
In fact, this agreement became a document on the division of the Black Sea Fleet. And after its signing, the Western special services became more active, which, through all kinds of non-governmental foundations and "research centers", including the notorious "Nomos", began to make attempts to oust the Russian Black Sea Fleet from the military base in Sevastopol. The main emphasis was on the fact that Ukraine is a neutral country, and the city of Sevastopol supposedly should become an "ecological platform" - a city without any military infrastructure (Russian, of course). At the same time, behind the scenes, plans were already being drawn to transform the "ecological site" into another NATO naval base. After all, NATO surface ships and submarines are ecologically cleaner than Russian ones ... It's a joke, and in fact, in the rags mentioned by Nomos, everything under this infosous was presented to the Ukrainian public with indispensable statements about the need to strive for Europe and NATO.
A special website was even created for the "wires" of the Russian Black Sea Fleet from Sevastopol and other Crimean bases. This is "Flot2017", the name of which speaks for itself. Those who initiated the creation of this Internet platform made every effort to disrupt the implementation of the Kharkiv agreements reached in 2010. Based on these agreements, signed by the then presidents of Russia and Ukraine, Dmitry Medvedev and Viktor Yanukovych, the term of the agreement on the presence of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy in Crimea was extended for another 25 years - after the onset of 2017. That is, it was extended until 2042.
What attracts special attention is that the mentioned site continues to publish today a kind of "countdown", which shows "how long the Russian Black Sea Fleet is left in Sevastopol." On May 13, 2017, this counter shows "16 days" and clearly irritates the Maidan elites and, first of all, their henchmen, who saw the transformation of the Crimean Peninsula into a military base of the North Atlantic bloc as one of the goals of the coup d'etat in Ukraine.
By the way, Dmitry Tymchuk was among the editors-in-chief of Flot2017, who became truly world-famous in 2014 - like a helmet saying “no losses”. Publishing daily anti-Russian posts until October 2014, the site ordered to live a long time, letting out another sigh or spirit already in August 2015. Since then, "does not breathe", but only counts. On the machine. Waving in the trail of Russian ships with kerchiefs in the color of the Ukrainian flag in the animation, apparently, aroused special delight among the anti-Russian elites.
The project today looks like a laughingstock for those who have made a big bet on it since 2008. Everything that is today called the Ukrainian fleet looks like a laughing stock, but it could be part of a single fleet of a single large state, to which it may still lead, as it led to the reunification of Crimea with Russia. After all, then, too, many did not believe.
Today the Black Sea Fleet, like in fact all the years of its service, is one of the most important components of Russia's security system at sea and in coastal areas. Ships and auxiliary vessels of the Russian Black Sea Fleet participate in patrolling the eastern Mediterranean, contributing to the fight against international terrorism in Syria. From the official definition of the RF Ministry of Defense:
The Black Sea Fleet is an operational-strategic formation of the Navy in the Black Sea. The Black Sea Fleet, as an integral part of the Navy, is a means of ensuring Russia's military security in the south. To accomplish the assigned tasks, the Black Sea Fleet includes diesel submarines, surface ships for operations in the ocean and near sea zones, naval missile-carrying, anti-submarine and fighter aircraft, and parts of coastal forces.
The main tasks of the Black Sea Fleet at present are:
protection of the economic zone and areas of production activities, suppression of illegal production activities;
ensuring the safety of navigation;
implementation of foreign policy actions of the government in economically important areas of the World Ocean (visits, business visits, joint exercises, actions as part of peacekeeping forces, etc.).
On the Day of the Black Sea Fleet "Voennoye Obozreniye" congratulates all the sailors of the Black Sea Fleet and veterans of the fleet on the holiday!
Day of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian NavyEmblem of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy
Day of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy is an annual holiday celebrated on May 13 in honor of the creation of the Black Sea Fleet. The day was established in 1996.
On May 13, 1783, 11 ships of the Azov flotilla entered the Akhtiarskaya Bay, located in the southwestern part of the Crimean peninsula of the Black Sea, under the command of Vice-Admiral F.A. Klokacheva. Later they were joined by 17 ships of the Dnieper flotilla, these first 28 ships and became the combat core of the nascent fleet. 
Ivan Aivazovsky Black Sea Fleet in Feodosia
The first staff of the Black Sea Fleet was approved in 1785. For 13 and a half thousand personnel, there were: 12 battleships, 20 frigates, 5 schooners, 23 transport ships. The fleet was controlled by the Black Sea Admiralty, established in Kherson.
In 1784, by decree of Catherine II, the city of Akhtiar was named Sevastopol. Translated from Greek, the word "Sevastopol" means "majestic".
Soon the city and port of Sevastopol became the main base of the Russian fleet on the Black Sea. The history of the fleet was glorified by outstanding Russian naval commanders: Fyodor Ushakov, Mikhail Lazarev, Pavel Nakhimov, Vladimir Istomin, Vladimir Kornilov. 
The sailors of the Black Sea Fleet became famous in many battles, defending the borders of the Motherland and successfully fulfilling the tasks assigned to them - in the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791, in the Crimean war of 1853-1856, in the First World War and, of course, during the Great World War II.
Today the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy is an operational and strategic formation of the Russian Navy on the Black Sea. As an integral part of the country's navy, it is a means of ensuring Russia's military security in the south. 
To accomplish the assigned tasks, the Black Sea Fleet includes submarines, surface ships for operations in the ocean and near sea zones, naval missile-carrying, anti-submarine and fighter aircraft, and units of coastal forces. Its naval structure includes more than 2.5 thousand different vessels - sailing, linear, large missile, patrol, reconnaissance, landing, small missile, mine-sweeping ships, squadron battleships and destroyers, cruisers, submarines, sea hunters, gunboats , boats, rescue, auxiliary, hydrographic vessels and others. 