The Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA) is one of the federal archives that stores the most ancient documents on the history of Russia (in total, the archive contains about 3.3 million files).
RGADA was formed on the basis of documents from five pre-revolutionary archives:
- Moscow archive of the Ministry of Justice (MAMYU), created in 1852 and keeping the funds of orders, colleges of the 18th century. and local institutions;
- The Moscow Main Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MGAMID), created in 1724 and keeping the documents of the Ambassadorial Prikaz, formerly part of the Moscow Tsarist and Grand Duke Archives;
- The State Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (State Archives of the Russian Empire), created in 1801 to store cases of particular importance;
- The Moscow branch of the General Archives of the Ministry of the Imperial Court (Moscow Palace Archives), dating back to the archive of the Armory and keeping the files of palace institutions of the 16th - early 20th centuries.
- Archive of the Land Survey Office, which stores land surveying documents from the 18th - 19th centuries.
In 1925, these archives were merged into the Ancient Storage of the Moscow Branch of the Central Historical Archive of the RSFSR. They also included materials from church, monastic and family archives. In 1931 the old storage was transformed into the State Archives of the Feudal-Serf Era (GAFKE). In 1941 GAFKE was renamed into the Central State Archive of Ancient Acts (TsGADA), since 1992 it was named the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA).
Basically, the documents of the archive cover the period up to the end of the 18th century, but there are a number of funds from a later period.
Let us briefly consider the main funds of the RGADA, which can be used in genealogical research:
1) Documents of Moscow orders of the 16th - 17th centuries, of which the most important for genealogical research are the documents of the following institutions:
- The local order (f. 1209), containing scribes, census, sentinels, land surveys and other books, is the main source on the genealogy of the taxable population of the 17th century. Scribble books can also be found in fund 137 "Boyar and City Books".
- Discharge order (f. 210) - documents about servicemen of the Moscow state of the 16th - 17th centuries.
- Siberian order (f. 214) - documents about the inhabitants of Siberia (including various kinds of census).
- Little Russian order (f. 229) - documents about Ukrainian Cossacks and other categories of the population. Materials on the history of Ukraine are also contained in the fund 124 "Little Russian Affairs".
I will tell you about other important documents stored at RGADA next time.
(coordinates, conditions, composition of funds and other small details).
From the "Guide to GAPO" for 2011: page 1; page 2.
An electronic (virtual) reading room may open in 2016 or next year.
Fund 350 "Landrath Books and Revision Tales":
Fund 350 scanned, scans in archive computers. Archive director for free publication, head of Rosarkhiv for paid.
Topics on the VGD forum: Digitization of audit tales (photos). Article in MK about the digitization of documents in this archive.
Landrat census - 1716-1717
Op. 1, d.289. Census book 1717-1718 clergymen, palace and landlord peasants of the Shelonskaya pyatina of the Novgorod district.
1st revision - 1719
Op. 2, d. 2154.
2nd revision - 1745
Op. 2, d. 2170.Census book of bishops, monastic and landlord peasants of the Shelonskaya pyatina of the Novgorod pogost.
3rd revision - 1762
Op. 2, d. 2310.Revision tales of the Shelonskaya pyatina of the Novgorod district.
Fund 1354, inventory:
392 - Velikie Luki district
393 - Novorzhevsky
394 - Opochetsky
395 - Ostrovsky
396 - Pechersky
397 - Porkhovsky
398 - Pskov
399 - Toropetsky
400 - Kholmsky
There are lists (with numbers of general dachas) by owners and by the name of the villages.
Fund 1354 - plans of dachas for general and special land surveying in Vitebsk province:
Inventories 35 through 57 - there are alphabetical indexes of villages and wastelands.
Inventories 153 to 154 are some of the cottages.
Note to the table: fund 1209, inventory 1 (these are all censuses of 1710 and earlier) is almost 100% microfilmed.
Microfilms under the letter of guarantee of the organization can be rented. More precisely - to rent all the microfilms on which this or that case has been transferred. This is usually 5-10 films (rarely less, sometimes more). Give for 3 months. Price - 300 rubles for one microfilm video.
The transcript of some documents can be viewed
Toropetsky and Kholmsky districts of the census of the vice-commandant F.M. Mussorgsky (transcript of the document).
| Month and year | Case description | Arch.code |
|---|---|---|
| Velikie Luki district: | ||
| 1710 | Census tales of the Velikolutsk district of the census of A.T. Cheprikin. LL 1-453. | F.214. Op. 1. D.8397 |
| 1710 | Census tales of the city of Velikiye Luki census of the commandant colonel I.L. Voeikova. LL 1-4751. Script. |
F.214. Op. 1. D.8398 |
| 1710 | Census tales of the Velikolutsk district of the census of I.I. Chirikov. LL 1-546. | F.214. Op. 1. D.8399 |
| 1710 | Census tales of the palace volosts of the Velikolutsk district "palace affairs of the steward" MA Khmelev. LL 1-98. Script. [Micro] |
F.214. Op. 1. D.8400 |
| 1710 | I.L. Voeikova. Script. |
F.214. Op. 1. D.8401 |
| 1710 | Census book of the city of Velikiye Luki and the county census of the commandant colonel I.L. Voeikova. Script. |
F.214. Op. 1. D.8402 |
| Novgorod district, Derevskaya pyatina: | ||
| 1710 | Census book of noblemen, clergymen, landlord and monastery peasants, riding the posad people of Derevskaya pyatina Zhikhareva half of Ryabchikova census of Mark Nikitich Musin-Pushkin: the graveyards of Demyansky, Bukhovsky, Molvyatitsky, Polonovsky, Zhabensky, Velyevsky, Gorodensky, Zaborovsky, Posonsky, Semenovsky. LL 1-428. On LL. 429-436: total and data on the size and composition of the population. The last 2 sheets of the book are a fragment of the index to the scribe book (in Ryazan -?). [Micro] Original. LL 1-436. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8615 |
| 1710 | Tales about nobles ... Derevskaya pyatina of Zhikhareva's half of Ryabchikova in churchyards ... census of Mark Nikitich Musin-Pushkin. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8595 |
| 1710 | Tales about nobles ... Derevskaya pyatina of Grigorievskaya half of Morozova in churchyards ... census of Ivan Petrovich Trusov. [Micro] |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8597 |
| Novgorod district, Shelonskaya pyatina: | ||
| 1710 | Tales about clergymen, nobles, peasants of the Shelonskaya pyatina of the Zalesskaya half in churchyards ... census of Sila Osipovich Korsakov. LL 1-439. Script. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8583 |
| 1711 | Tales of landowners ... Shelonskaya pyatina of the Zalesskaya half in the graveyards of Pribuzhsky, Schepetsky, Dubrovensky, Ruchevsky, Ovshelsky, Berezsky, Pavsky, Shirsky, Logvensky census The forces of Osipovich Korsakov. [Micro] |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8602 |
| 1710 (?) | The census book of the Shelonskaya pyatina of the Zalesskaya half in the churchyards ... Kositsky ... LL.1-756. | Form 1209. Op. 1.D.8587 |
| 1710 | Tales about nobles ... Shelonskaya pyatina of Zalesskaya half in churchyards ... census of Anisim Sergeevich Apseitov. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8591 |
| 1710 | Tales about nobles ... Shelonskaya pyatina of the Zarussian half in churchyards ... census of Yakov Maksimovich Ovtsyn. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8590 |
| 1710 | Tales about nobles, clergymen and landlord peasants of the Shelonskaya pyatina of the Zarussian half in Mikhailovsky, Vysottsky, Belsky, Degozhsky, Vyshegorodsky, Pazherevitsky, Obluttsky, Yasensky, Zhedritsky and Bolchinsky churchyards, submitted to the scribe Stepan Aleksandrovich Ovtsyn. [Micro] |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8593 |
| 1710, 1712 | Brown books of Shelonskaya Pyatina of 1710, census of Anisim Sergeevich Apseitov (sheet 1) and 1712 ("what was left unfinished in 710 for the pestilence") the census of Stepan Alexandrovich Ovtsyn (sheet 101). |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8598 |
| Pskov district: | ||
| 1711 | Census book of the townspeople ... the city of Pskov census captain Alexei Afanasyevich Okunev. Script. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8512 |
| 1711 | Census book ("second") of clergy, landowners, monastery and palace peasants Pskov district in the ambushes of Belskaya, Zaklinskaya, Meletovskaya, Rozhnitskaya, Demyanitskaya, Prutskaya and Zavelitskaya (pp. 1-405), a suburb of Izborsk (pp. 406-833) of the census of the nobleman Ivan Stepanovich Karpovsky. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8506 |
| 1712 | Census book of the townspeople of the city of Pskov, "incorrectly recorded in the tax" according to the census of 1711 census of captain Vasily Nikitich Skvortsov. [Micro] |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8513 |
| 1712 | Census book of the townspeople of the city of Pskov. Copy. (Skrepa: "Kirilo Naryshkin"). [Micro] | Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8514 |
| 1711 | Tales about the townspeople ... of the city of Pskov, submitted to the scribes commandant Xenophon Timofeevich Alymov and Captain Alexei Afonasyevich Okunev. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8515 |
| september 1711 | Census book of the Pskov suburbs Gdov and Kobylya census of commandant Larion Brylkin. | Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8516 |
| 1711 | Fairy tales submitted to the scribe Ivan Stepanovich Karpovsky in the Pskov district. | Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8508 |
| 1710-1711 | Fairy tales submitted to the scribe Ivan Vasilyevich Bochkin in the Pskov and Izborsk districts. | Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8509 |
| 1711 | Fairy tales submitted to the scribe Matvey Agafonovich Dubrovsky in the Pskov suburbs, Ostrov, Vyshegorod, Krasnoe. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8507 |
| september 1711 | Census book of the Pskov suburbs of the Island, Vyshegorod, Red census of Matvey Agafonovich Dubrovsky. LL 1-274. Script. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8510 |
| march 1711 | Census book of the Pskov suburbs of Opochka, Voronich, Velja census of Grigory Matveevich Shcherbinin. LL.275-616. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8510 |
| october 1711 | Census book of the Pskov suburbs of Vybora, Dubkov, Volodimer, Vreva census of Mikhail Matveevich Shcherbinin. LL 617-758. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8510 |
| 1711 | Tales about nobles ... submitted to the scribe Mikhail Matveyevich Shcherbinin in the Pskov suburbs Vybor, Dubkov, Volodimer, Vreva. LL 1-192. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8511 |
| Toropetsky district: | ||
| 1710 | Census book of the city of Toropets, Toropetsky and Kholmsky districts |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8181 |
| Kholmsky district: | ||
| 1710 | Census book of Toropetsky and Kholmsky districts census of Toropetsky vice-commandant F.M. Musorsky. |
Form 1209. Op. 1. D.8181 |
Central State Archives of Ancient Acts of the USSR: Guide: In 4 vols. / Comp. E. F. Zhelokhovtseva, M. V. Babich, Yu. M. Eskin. 4 (in 5) vols. M., 1991-1999. Publishers have changed. (Bib: DLC; MH)
A detailed four-volume guide to the archive. While detailed fund annotations do not cover specific inventories, each volume contains an appendix listing the inventories with dates and originators, and extensive indexes. The bibliography is available for volumes 1-2 (in volume 2), and for volumes 3 and 4. It covers mainly publications, document reviews, the history of fund-makers.
The first volume describes documents from the State Ancient Repository of Charters and Manuscripts, central Moscow orders, the collections of the Moscow State Academy of Music and the State Archives of the Russian Empire (State Archives). The appendix contains a useful diagram on the history of the formation of the archive and its pre-revolutionary predecessors.
The second volume covers the documents of the highest administrative bodies of the Russian Empire, mainly for the 18th century, including the imperial chancelleries, the Senate, departments and departments, the Synod, other central government institutions, such as collegia and their offices, boundary offices, documents of the imperial courts, government commissions. It also includes an extensive bibliography of nonfiction publications and reference books.
The third volume describes the documents of local institutions of the XVI-XVIII centuries. and monasteries.
The fourth volume contains information about collections of manuscripts and early printed books, patrimonial archives, family and personal funds, historical societies, archives offices.
Central State Archive of Ancient Acts of the USSR. Guide. In four volumes. Volume 1 (1991)
Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Guide. In four volumes. Volume 2 (1992)
Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Guide. In four volumes. Volume 3. Part 1 (1997)
Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Guide. In four volumes. Volume 3. Part 2 (1997)
Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Guide. In four volumes. Volume 4 (1999)
b-53. Uspensky A.I. Columns of the former archive of the Armory. 3 vols. Moscow: A.I.Snegireva's Printing House, 1912-1914. II, 738 p. (sequential page numbering).
The documents are described (about 1500 units of storage), which currently form part of the fund 396.
Documents on the history of parochialism
b-54. Eskin Yu.M. Localism in Russia in the 16th-17th centuries: Chronological. registry. Moscow: Archeographic Center, 1994.274 p. (Reference books on Russian history. Vol. 1). (Bib: DLC; MH)
All parochial affairs, as well as legislative acts regulating the existence of the institution of parochialism in Russia, are included. There are bibliographic references to published sources.
Embassy documents (funds of MGAMID)
See information about the funds of MGAMID in and as well as in the "Collection of MGAMID", which includes additional descriptions and lists of documents. See also the website with a database of ambassadorial books prepared by N.M. Rogozhin (http://www.orient.ru/resour/psd/index.htm.)
b-55. Rogozhin N.M.A review of the ambassadorial books from the collections of the TsGADA (late 15th-early 18th centuries) / Ed. M. P. Lukichev, V. I. Buganov. M., 1990.237 p. [USSR Academy of Sciences; AI USSR]
b-56. Rogozhin N.M. Russian ambassadorial books of the late 15th-early 17th centuries. M., 1994.223 p. [RAS; IRI]
Source study analysis of the entire corpus of ambassadorial books (98 titles) stored in the RGADA, with a detailed reference apparatus. There is a list of Russian and foreign diplomats for the specified period.
b-57. Bantysh-Kamensky N.N. Review of Russia's external relations (up to 1800). 4 vols. M .: Type. E. Lissner and J. Roman / Type. G. Lissner and A. Geschel, 1894-1902. (Bib: DLC; MH) (See also c-29).
T. 1: (Austria, England, Hungary, Holland, Denmark, Spain). 303 s.
T. 2: (Germany and Italy). 271 s.
T. 3: (Courland, Livonia, Estland, Poland and Portugal). 319 s.
T. 4: (Prussia, France and Sweden). 463 s.
Volumes of his own were published outside the issue:
Diplomatic meeting of affairs between the Russian and Chinese states from 1610 to 1792 Kazan, 1882.
Register of affairs of the Crimean court from 1474 to 1779 Simferopol, 1893.
Technically, this publication is not an archive catalog, but it is a detailed description of diplomatic documents that are kept at the RGADA. The review was originally prepared in the early 19th century. director of MGAMID, but published 100 years later.
b-58. Putsillo M.P. Index to cases and manuscripts relating to Siberia and belonging to the Moscow Main Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. M .: Type. A. Gatsuka, 1879.123 p. (Bib: DLC; MH)
Senate Archives
b-59. Archives of the Governing Senate/ Comp. P.I.Baranov. 3 (in 4) vols. SPb., 1872-1878. (Bib: DLC) (See also b-93)
T. 1: Inventory of the personalized highest decrees and orders of the reign of Emperor Peter the Great, 1704-1725. 167 s.
TT. 2 and 3: Inventory of personalized imperial decrees and orders stored in the St. Petersburg Senate archive for the 18th century.
T. 2: 1725-1740. 1002 s. Pointers to vols. 1 and 2.
T. 3: 1740-1762. 513 s. Separate index: 305 p.
Copies of many documents of the 18th century included in the description are kept both in the Russian State Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian State Historical Archive. In the inventories it was noted whether specific decrees were published in the Complete Collection of Decrees of the Russian Empire.
Lithuanian metric collection
b-61. The book of the ambassadorial Metrics of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, containing the diplomatic relations of Lithuania in the state of King Sigismund-Augustus (from 1545 to 1572) / Ed. I. Danilovich (I. Danilowicz), M. A. Obolensky. 2 vols. M .: Universitetskaya type., 1843.485 p .; 286, V p. (Bib: MH)
b-62. Berezhkov N.G. Lithuanian metric as a historical source. Part 1: On the original composition of the books of the Lithuanian metric up to 1522. M .: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1946.179 p. (Bib: DLC; MH)
A detailed critical analysis of the early volumes of the Lithuanian metric (up to 1522), containing important information about the history of the collection and those parts of it that are kept at the Russian State Archive of Achievements. The diagram at the end of the book presents the contents of the metric volumes prior to 1522 and other details about their organizational structure.
b-64. Karpov G.F.Critical review of the development of the main Russian sources before the history of Little Russia relating to the time: 8th January 1654 - 30th May 1672. M .: Type. Gracheva and comp., 1870.179 p. (Bib: MH; NN)
Most of the documents mentioned in the review are kept in the fund of the Little Russian Prikaz (f. 124).
b-65. Kovalsky N.P. Sources on the history of Ukraine in the 16th-first half of the 17th century. in the Lithuanian metric in the funds of the orders of the Central State Archives of the Russian Federation: Textbook. Dnepropetrovsk: DDU, 1979.73 p. (Bib: MH)
Land survey documents
b-66. Bukhert V.G. Archive of the Landmark Office (1768-1918)/ Ed. S.O.Schmidt. M., 1994.111 p. [RGGU] (Bib: MH)
A detailed history of the formation of the Land Survey Office archive from the moment of its formation in 1768 to the revolution, with a description of the reference apparatus and the policy of value examination in relation to this set of documents in different periods, as well as links to earlier published literature. Most of the documents of the Landmark Archive are kept in the RGADA in ff. 1294 and 1295.
Sources on the history of trade and commerce
b-67. Kaidanov N.I. Systematic catalog of the affairs of the State Commerce Board. SPb .: Type. V. Kirshbaum, 1884.408 p. (Bib: DLC; MH)
Covers documents for the years 1718-1810, which are currently stored in the Russian State Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering.
b-68. Kaidanov NI Systematic catalog of the Commission's cases on commerce and on duties stored in the archives of the Department of Customs Duties. SPb .: Type. V. Kirshbaum, 1887.91 p. (Bib: DLC)
b-69. Kaidanov NI Systematic catalog of affairs of the Siberian Prikaz, the Moscow Commissar and other former institutions in the field of industry and trade, stored in the Archives of the Department of Customs Duties. SPb., 1888.204 p. (Beebe: DLC; MH) Also included: Supplements to the 1877 Department of Foreign Trade Catalog of Affairs.
Some of the materials of the 19th century included in the catalog are currently kept at the Russian State Historical Archive.
Sources on Jewish history
For information on Jewish history funds see Doc. ist. Jews (1997), pp. 21-44.
b-70. / Comp. D.Z.Feldman. Ed. A. A. Shternishis. M .: Society "Jewish heritage", 1994. 11 p. (Jewish Archives. Vol. 3). [RGADA; Society "Jewish Heritage"]
The review includes information from 22 funds and collections of the RGADA, containing information on the history of the Jews for 1495-1905.
Handwritten books and incunabula
b-71. Catalog of Slavic-Russian handwritten books of the XI-XIV centuries, stored in the TsGADA USSR / Comp. O. A. Knyazevskaya, N. S. Koval, O. E. Kosheleva, L. V. Moshkova. Ed. M. I. Avtokratova, O. A. Knyazevskaya, S. O. Schmidt. 2 vols. M., 1988.349 p. [Main Archive] (Bib: DLC; MH)
Contains a scientific description of 173 handwritten books of the XI-XIV centuries, arranged in chronological order.
b-71a. Catalog of Slavic-Russian manuscript books of the 15th centuries, stored in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts / Comp. I.L. Zhuchkova, L.V. Moshkova, A.A. Turilov. Ed. A.A. Turilova. M .: Drevlekhranimlische, 2000.416 p., Ill.
Contains a scientific description of 128 handwritten books of the 15th century. and 9 additionally identified manuscripts of the XIII-XIV centuries.
b-72. Moscow Cyril editions of the 16th-17th centuries in the collections of RGADA: Catalog / Comp. E. V. Lukyanova, L. N. Gorbunova. Ed. A. A. Guseva. Moscow: Archeographic Center, 1996.240 p. [RGADA] (Bib: DLC; MH)
T. 1: 1556-1625.
The first volume contains a scientific description of 41 early printed books, with additional descriptions of existing duplicates. There are review essays by S.R. Dolgova about the collection of Russian early printed books (pp. 7-28) and E.V. Lukyanov on early printed books and the archive of the Moscow Printing House (pp. 19-44).
T. 2: 1626-1650 / Compiled by E.V. Lukyanova M .: Indrik, 2002.
T. 1: 1556-1625 / Compiled by E.V. Lukyanova M .: Indrik, 2003.
b-73. Library of the Moscow Synodal Printing House. Section 1: Manuscripts. 6 vols. M., 1896-1912. (Bib: MH)
T. 1: Collections / Comp. A.S. Orlov. 1896. VII, 156 p.
T. 2: Collections and lectures / Comp. V.A.Pogorelov. 1899. VIII, 105 p.
T. 3: Psalms / Comp. V.A.Pogorelov. 1901. LXIV, 175 p. + 4 ill.
Vol. 4: Materials and originals of statements 1702-1727 / Comp. V.A.Pogorelov. 1903. VII, 104 p. + 6 ill.
T. 5: Calendars and saints / Comp. A. A. Pokrovsky. 1911. XIV, 129 p.
Vol. 6: Sermons of the first half of the 19th century. / Comp. Compiled A. A. Pokrovsky. 1912. XXX, 140 p. + 27 ill.
Section 2: Printed books. 2 vols. M. 1902-1912.
Detailed descriptions of a part of handwritten books from the library, which currently forms part of the special collection of the Russian State Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering (f. 381). The sixth volume, mistakenly labeled as part 2, is actually part of the first section on manuscripts. The second section covers foreign early printed books (v. 1: 1485-1538; v. 2: 1539-1570).
b-74. Pokrovsky A. A. Ancient Pskov-Novgorod Written Heritage: Review of the Parchment Manuscripts of the Typographic and Patriarchal Libraries in connection with the question of the time of formation of these book depositories. Moscow: Synodal type., 1916.282 p.
Original edition: Proceedings of the Fifteenth Archaeological Congress in Novgorod, 1911, T. 2 (M., 1916): 215-494 (including C .. III-XCI).
Description of parchments from Pskov and Novgorod, made on the basis of earlier descriptions of the 17th-18th centuries. Manuscripts from the collection of ex. The Patriarchal Library is kept at the State Historical Museum.
Arabic manuscripts and documents
b-75. Morozov D.A.A short catalog of Arabic manuscripts and documents of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts / Handlist of Arabic Manuscripts and Documents in Russian State Archives of Ancient Acts. Moscow: Archeographic Center, 1996.128 p. In Russian and Arabic. Added title page in English. (Bib: MH)
The catalog includes 139 manuscripts, 781 letters and other documents from the collections of several orientalists of the 18th and 19th centuries, as well as some other collections of the Russian State Academy of the Academy of Sciences.
Private collections
b-76. Golitsyn N. V. Portfolios of G. F. Miller. M .: Type. G. Lissner and A. Geshel, 1899.150 p.
Original ed .: Collection of MGAMID. T. 6 (1899): 403-550.
Description of the manuscript collection of Gerhard Friedrich Miller (f. 199), which came to the archive from the MAMID library.
b-77. Sharkova IS, Malov VN Lamoignon Collection (Archive of Jean Doutier, Secretary of State of France in 1547-1560): Description of documents. Issue 1 / Collection de Lamoignon (Les archives de Jean Duthier, secrОtaire d'Etat franНais de 1547 AND 1560): Inventaire par piПce. Livre 1 / Ed. V. N. Malov. Moscow: Archeographic Center, 1997.224 p. [RAS; Institute of General History; RGADA]
Sub-document catalog (volume 1, planned 4 volumes) so-called. Collection Lamoignon (f. 81), which was originally part of the collection of P. A. Stroganov, who bought it at an auction in Paris in 1791. Transferred to the state storage in 1929. There is an index of authors in French. See also the article by V. N. Malov “The origin of the collection of J. Lamuan (TsGADA). The catalog has links to published documents that are included in the description.
The Central State Archive of Ancient Acts of the USSR is the largest repository of documents of the GAF of the USSR on the history of Russia during the period of feudalism in our country. The basis of its documentary base is made up of materials from historical archives that developed before the revolution: the Moscow Archive of the Ministry of Justice, the Moscow Main Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the State Archive of the Russian Empire, the Moscow Branch of the General Archive of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, the Archive of the Land Survey Office, as well as personal archives, monasteries and church institutions that became the property of the state after the Great October Socialist Revolution (Appendix 1).
The materials of these archives were included in the various sections of the Unified State Archival Fund, formed in accordance with the decree of June 1, 1918 "On the reorganization and centralization of archival affairs in the RSFSR," signed by V. I. Lenin. By 1925, these materials were concentrated in the Old Storage of the Moscow Branch of the Central Historical Archive of the RSFSR (with the exception of materials from the Central Land Survey Archive, which existed independently until 1939). In 1931 the ancient storage
Figure: MAMU building (now the Central State Archive of the USSR) on Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street in Moscow.
- 9 -
It was renamed into the State Archives of the feudal-serf era, which, according to the Regulations on the State Archives of the USSR, approved in 1941, received its modern name - the Central State Archive of Ancient Acts, now the TsGADA of the USSR.
Currently, the archive contains more than 3.3 million items. xp. - these are documents created in the period from the XI century. BC XX century The archive includes materials from institutions of higher, central and local government of the Russian state and the Russian Empire, which existed before the administrative reforms of the end of the XVIII - n. XIX centuries, land surveying institutions XVIII - n. XX centuries, documents of statesmen and public figures, scientists and cultural figures of Russia, local patrimonial, patrimonial and monastic archives, collections of written monuments of history, culture and life of the Russian and other peoples of the USSR, relating to the period of feudalism, domestic and foreign old printed and rare editions of the 15th - 19th centuries.
The oldest of the documents of the TsGADA of the USSR, covering a centuries-old period, is "Savvina's Book" - an ancient Slavic manuscript of the 11th century. from the library of the Moscow Synodal Printing House.
A unique collection of monuments of act writing, the earliest of which dates back to the 13th century, is the State Ancient Repository of Charters and Manuscripts, which includes fragments of the Moscow Grand Ducal Archive, archives of other great and appanage principalities, as well as the so-called. Tsar's archive of the XVI century. The Ancient Storehouse contains lists of legislative monuments of the 11th-17th centuries: "Russian Truth", the Code of Law of Ivan III 1497 (the only copy known to science), the Code of Law of Ivan the Terrible 1550, as well as the original of the "Cathedral Code" 1649.
Materials of institutions of higher and central government of Russia in the 17th - 18th centuries. represented by the funds of the Local, Posolsky, Preobrazhensky, Discharge orders, Vladimirskaya, Galitskaya, Novgorodskaya, Ustyuzhskaya and other quarters, the "offices" of Peter I, Elizabeth Petrovna, Catherine II, the Near Chancellery, the Senate, the Supreme Privy Council, Berg-, Manufaktur-, Chambers and Justitz Collegiums, etc.
Archives of local institutions to the end of the 16th - 18th centuries. are represented by funds of clerks, discharge, labial huts, provincial, provincial and county (voivodship) offices, customs, serfs, offices for the management of single-family palaces, economic, palace peasants, as well as state forests and trades.
Among the monastic funds are those deposited from the end of the 15th century. materials of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Solovetsky, Spaso-Evfimiev of Suzdal, Yuryev of Novgorod and other monasteries, with information about land ownership, economy, management of monastic peasants, construction of church buildings.
- 10 -
Among the funds of personal origin are the patrimonial archives of the largest landowners, industrialists, statesmen of feudal and capitalist Russia: the Bobrinskys, Vorontsovs, Gagarins, Goncharovs, Demidovs, Panins, Stroganovs, Sheremetevs, Shuvalovs, Yusupovs, including, along with personal and family documents, materials about them service activities, as well as archives of patrimonial and factory offices. These funds, together with materials from higher and central institutions, characterize the birth and development of capitalist relations in Russia, the state of trade and industry in the 17th - 19th centuries, and the economic policy of that period.
The documents of the TsGADA of the USSR reflected all the diversity of Russia's internal development and foreign policy.
The archive materials on the situation of the oppressed masses and their anti-feudal actions are of great value. The archive contains the main set of documents on the history of peasant wars in Russia in the 17th - 18th centuries. under the leadership of I. I. Bolotnikov, S. T. Razin, K. A. Bulavin, E. I. Pugachev, documents about urban uprisings, unrest of working people. These materials are concentrated in the files of the Discharge (Discharge), Preobrazhensky and other orders, the Senate, the Berg Collegium, the Cabinet of Peter I, the Secret Chancellery, and commissions of inquiry in the case of E.I. Pugachev.
Materials of the Ambassadorial, Siberian, Little Russian orders, the Senate, the collections of the State Archives broadly cover Russia's relations with foreign states, the growth of its power and international importance, close ties with the peoples that later became part of the USSR, and their history.
Comprehensive information about the geography of Russia, natural conditions, the economic development of individual regions and settlements contains scribal, census and land surveying books, revision tales, maps and land surveying plans of the 18th - 19th centuries, economic notes to the general surveying plans, descriptions of cities.
The history of the centuries-old Russian national culture and the culture of other peoples of our country is characterized by materials from manuscript and book collections of the Moscow Palace Archives, the Armory Chamber, the Senate, collections of the State Archives, funds of personal origin.
The archive contains materials in foreign languages \u200b\u200band languages \u200b\u200bof the peoples of the USSR (mainly in the funds of the Moscow State Archives, the State Archives and personal origin).
The archives of old printed and rare editions, formed on the basis of the libraries of the Posolsky Prikaz, the Moscow Printing House, MGAMID, MAMU, as well as the collections of M.A.Obolensky, F.F.Mazurin, D.Ya. Samokvasov, etc., includes books by Kirillovskaya
- 11 -
Seals of almost all Slavic printing houses of the 15th - 17th centuries, rare Russian editions, incunabula, rare foreign editions of the 16th - 18th centuries.
The documentary riches of the TsGADA of the USSR were first shown in full in the Guide, published in 1946 - 1947 (Central State Archive of Ancient Acts: Guide. - Part I - II, M., 1946, 1947). However, since the publication of this publication, significant changes have taken place in the composition of the archive funds, and the level of their scientific development has increased.
The profile of the TsGADA of the USSR was clarified, the funds of some departments and expeditions of the Senate, Berg-, Kamer-, Manufacturing and Medical Collegia, Legislative Commissions, patrimonial offices of large noble families were received into it. At the same time, documents of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs (from the MGAMID), files of the departments of the Senate of the 19th century were transferred from the TsGADA. and some others, funds, reflected in the specified Guide.
In the Archives, a lot of work has been done to clarify the stock ownership of the materials that are part of large archival complexes and credentials. In particular, the names of fund inclusions that were previously listed (and reflected in the Guide) as independent funds were excluded from the list of funds.
The documentary base of the Archive is distinguished by the complexity of its composition, which is primarily due to the peculiarities of the classification of materials and the accounting and reference apparatus in each of the archives - the predecessors of the Central State Archives of the USSR. (Approximately three quarters of the inventories of funds were compiled in pre-revolutionary archives - the predecessors of the Central State Archives of the USSR in the late 18th - early 20th centuries.
Differences in the methods of acquisition of these archives, in their composition, in the systems of classification and description of materials, led to the different types of funds and inventories of the State Archives, MGAMID, MAMU, the Archive of the Armory, etc. Thus, the funds ("categories") of the State Archives are collections of documents of various fund-makers, compiled mainly on the subject-matter principle (as a rule, without indicating the origin of the documents). Thus, the funds of MGAMID are mainly thematic collections of documents of Posolsky and related orders; a large part of the Armory Archive is a collection of dozens of columns deposited in the process of activity, which were subsequently pasted on documentary documents and arranged in the inventories in a general chronological order; Most of the IALY funds represent a set of documents of individual fund-makers with the inclusion of files of other institutions.
The work, begun from the moment of folding the archive, on the creation of a scientific and reference apparatus for funds of personal origin, monastic and local institutions, was completed after
- 12 -
Publication of the Guide 1946 - 1947. At the same time, the funds of local institutions of the XVIII century. were processed mainly in the 1950s - 1960s according to the abbreviated description method, which provides for the systematization of documents by funds, by year, and within a year - by subject-thematic headings (without disclosing the content of each storage unit).
In some of these funds, inventories have been preserved, made in the provincial and district archives in the 2nd half. XIX century. In the 1950s - 1980s, new inventories of parts of the Senate books were compiled, as well as scribal, rejection and record keeping books of the Local Order, the Patrimony Collegium and the Patrimony Department, the description of all undescribed parts of the funds and separate documents accumulated in previous years was completed, an index of stock inclusions was developed to the Archives of the Armory, the Senate Foundation and its institutions.
Even in pre-revolutionary times, part of the inventories was published - the so-called descriptions, reviews. It is widely known, for example, "Description of documents and papers of MAMU", which includes a catalog of scribes, census, land-surveying books of the Local Order, a nine-volume inventory of documents of the Discharge Order, and others. Soviet archivists continue this work. They published inventories of the Ancient Storage, columns of the Additional Department of the Discharge Order, as well as the inter-fund inventory of the "Book of Moscow Orders". An annotated register, compiled in 1985, is a valuable reference book containing information on the state and features of inventories of documents of the Central State Archives of the USSR.
All these circumstances necessitated the publication of a new guide to the TsGADA USSR. At the same time, the work carried out created the preconditions for a more in-depth characterization of the archive materials.
In this guidebook "Central State Archive of Ancient Acts of the USSR" (hereinafter referred to as the Guide), its structure and method of annotating funds are fundamentally new.
In the Guidebook published in 1946 - 1947, the characteristics of the funds were grouped in accordance with the belonging of the latter to the pre-revolutionary historical archives. This Guide is based on the principle of grouping the characteristics of funds depending on the place of the fund-maker in the system of state institutions of Russia, the scale of its activities, and the time of its existence. This makes it possible to more consistently show the composition and content of documents of the Central State Archives of the USSR and their historical significance, emphasizes the role of the archive as an organically unified repository of documents of the feudal period of Russian history, and not just the sum of materials from pre-revolutionary archives.
Features of the methodology for compiling stock characteristics
- 13 -
Determined by the complexity and variety of classification of materials of the Central State Archive of the USSR The archive funds, depending on their structure, can be divided into the following groups:
Funds consisting of documents of one fund-creator and not having extraneous inclusions;
Funds consisting of documents from the main fund-making institution and one or more foreign inclusions;
Pooled funds of similar institutions (usually with a small amount of materials from each);
Pooled funds, consisting of documents of several institutions related by subordination, succession or commonality of activities;
Funds representing whole pre-revolutionary historical archives or parts of them;
Funds, which are thematic and other collections, formed mainly artificially during storage in pre-revolutionary archives.
Such differences in the structure of archival funds determined the specifics of compiling the characteristics of their materials.
Characteristics are compiled for funds and stock inclusions. Inclusions are considered materials of any outside institution that are part of the given fund (inclusions are not selected in the collections).
Each characteristic consists of a title, reference data, historical information and annotation of documents.
Compiled according to generally accepted rules, the characteristics of archival funds that do not have inclusions and collections reflect all materials listed in the inventories of this fund.
In the characteristics of funds with inclusions, only materials related to the main fund creator are reflected. The rest of the documents of the fund, that is, fund inclusions, receive their own annotations that are included in the characteristics of the materials of each institution (each of the annotations indicates to which fund and inventory this inclusion belongs).
The combined funds of the same type of institutions are given characteristics, within which the materials of each institution are annotated separately, with the necessary reference data.
"Fond-archives" receive characteristics for each inclusion separately, and general information about the archive and its materials is given in a brief outline of the history of the pre-revolutionary archives included in the TsGADA, attached to the first volume of the Guide.
In cases where documents of one institution are part of several funds, their general characteristics are given, in which the name of the fund creator is indicated, the total
- 14 -
Reference data, general historical information is provided. At the same time, the annotation of each inclusion remains individual and retains its reference data.
At present, the identification of stock inclusions has not been completed in all the archives. Nevertheless, the work done made it possible to significantly expand the range of fund-makers whose materials are annotated in this Guide, in comparison with the number of fund-makers indicated in the first Guide. This is especially true for the orders of the XVI-XVII centuries. and local institutions.
For a number of funds, mainly the collections of the Moscow State Archives and the State Archives, their old names have been preserved, although they have become archaic, but have firmly entered the scientific circulation.
The guidebook has the following structure.
The first volume contains characteristics of: the State Archive of Charters and Manuscripts, which includes the most ancient documents of the archive, funds of central orders of the 16th - 18th centuries, funds ("categories") of the State Archives, which concentrated documents of particular importance for the 17th - 19th centuries. The same volume contains a diagram of the formation of the Central State Archives of the USSR and a brief outline of the history of the pre-revolutionary archives that were included in it.
The second volume covers the funds of institutions of higher and central government in Russia in the 18th century. and boundary materials XVIII - n. XX centuries
The third volume includes characteristics of the funds of local institutions XVI - 1st floor. XIX centuries. and monasteries XV - n. XX centuries
The fourth volume contains characteristics of funds of personal origin, manuscripts, books and other collections of the archive, funds of scientific societies and the offices of archives - the predecessors of the TsGADA.
Each volume of the Guide has appendices: a list of archival funds in the order of account numbers, indicating the number of storage units, extreme dates of materials, a list of fund inclusions; an alphabetical list of stock characteristics; tables showing the composition of the most complex funds; list of inventories of funds (in this volume - appendix 2 - 6). The bibliography for the first two volumes is included in the second volume.
The main work on the preparation of the first volume of the Guide was carried out by E. F. Zhelokhovtseva (responsible compiler), M. V. Babich, Yu. M. Eskin.
In connection with this, the number of units. xp. individual stock inclusions are approximate.
- 15 -
Indexes of names and institutions were compiled by M.V. Babich, geographical, topographic and ethnographic - by Yu. M. Eskin.
Some annotations by I. Yu. Airapetyan, V. Yu. Belikov, V. G. Bukhert, S. S. Ermolaev, I. L. Zhuchkova, M. P. Lukichev, A. S. Svetenko, T.B.Solovieva ...
The editorial board and compilers are deeply grateful to Zh.A. Ananyan, V. A. Artamonov, N.B. Golikova, N.F.Demidova, A.B. Kamensky, S.M. Kashtanov, S.E. B. Kobrin, A. I. Komissarenko, Z. V. Kreiskaya, T. D. Lavrentsova, I. V. Pozdeeva, P. M. Sikharulidze, S. I. Smetanina, A. L. Stanislavsky, T. L. Filimontseva and B.N.Flora for their help in preparing this publication.