CHAPTER SIX

La sotto i giorni nubilosi with brevi,
Nasce una gente a cui l'morir non dole.

Where the days are cloudy and short,
a tribe will be born for which it is not difficult to die.

Petrarch (Italian)

Noticing that Vladimir had disappeared,
Onegin, we are driving away boredom again,
Close to Olga, deep in thought,
Satisfied with his revenge.
Olenka also yawned after him,
I looked for Lensky with my eyes,
And an endless cotillion
She was tormented like a heavy dream.
But it's over. They're going for dinner.
The beds are being made; for guests
Accommodation for the night is taken away from the entryway
Until the most maiden. Everyone needs
Restful sleep. My Onegin
One went home to sleep.

Everything has calmed down: in the living room
Heavy snoring Pustyakov
With my heavier half.
Gvozdik, Buyanov, Petushkov
And Flyanov, not entirely healthy,
They lay down on chairs in the dining room,
And on the floor is Monsieur Triquet,
In a sweatshirt, in an old cap.
Girls in Tatiana's rooms
And Olga is all asleep.
Alone, sad under the window
Illuminated by Diana's ray,
Poor Tatyana doesn't sleep
And he looks into the dark field.

His unexpected appearance
Instant tenderness of the eyes
And strange behavior with Olga
To the depths of my soul
She is imbued; can not
There is no way to understand him; worries
Her jealous melancholy
Like a cold hand
Her heart squeezes like an abyss
It’s black and noisy underneath...
“I’ll die,” Tanya says, “
But death from him is kind.
I don't complain: why complain?
He can’t give me happiness.”

Forward, forward, my story!
A new face is calling us.
Five miles from Krasnogorye,
Villages of Lensky, lives
And is still alive today
In the philosophical desert
Zaretsky, once a brawler,
Ataman of the gambling gang,
The head is a rake, a tavern tribune,
Now kind and simple
The father of the family is single,
Reliable friend, peaceful landowner
And even an honest person:
This is how our century is corrected!

There used to be a flattering voice of light
He praised the evil courage in him!
He's really an ace out of a pistol
I hit it in five fathoms,
And then to say that in battle
Once in a real rapture
He distinguished himself, boldly into the mud
Falling off a Kalmyk horse,
Like a drunk Zyuzya, and the French
Got captured: a precious pledge!
Newest Regulus, god of honor,
Ready to indulge in bonds again,
So that every morning at Berry's
In debt to drain three bottles.

He used to taunt funny
He knew how to fool a fool
And it’s nice to fool a smart person,
Either obviously, or on the sly,
Although he has other things
Didn't pass without science,
Even though sometimes I get into trouble
He came across like a simpleton.
He knew how to argue cheerfully,
Answer sharply and stupidly,
Sometimes it is prudent to remain silent,
Sometimes it’s prudent to quarrel,
Encourage young friends to quarrel
And put them on the barrier,

Or force them to make peace,
To have breakfast together,
And then secretly dishonor
A funny joke, a lie.
Sed alia tempora! Prowess
(Like a dream of love, another prank)
Passes with youth alive.
As I said, Zaretsky is mine,
Under the canopy of bird cherry and acacia trees
Finally sheltered from the storms,
Lives like a true sage
Plants cabbage like Horace
Breeds ducks and geese
And teaches the alphabet to children.

He wasn't stupid; and my Evgeniy,
Not respecting the heart in him,
Loved the spirit of his judgments,
And a common sense about this and that.
It used to be with pleasure that he
I saw him, and so on
In the morning I was not surprised
When he saw him.
The one after the first greeting,
Interrupting the conversation that had started,
Onegin, grinning his eyes,
He handed me a note from the poet.
Onegin approached the window
And I read it to myself.

He was pleasant, noble,
Short call, il cartel:
Courteously, with cold clarity
Lensky invited his friend to a duel.
Onegin from the first movement,
To the ambassador of such an order
Turning around, without further ado
Said he's always ready.
Zaretsky stood up without explanation;
I didn’t want to stay any longer
Having a lot to do at home,
And immediately he went out; but Evgeniy
Alone with your soul
He was unhappy with himself.

And rightly so: in strict analysis,
Having summoned himself to a secret trial,
He blamed himself for many things:
First of all, he was wrong
What is above timid, tender love?
So the evening joked casually.
And secondly: let the poet
Fooling around; at eighteen
It's forgivable. Eugene,
Loving the young man with all my heart,
Had to prove myself
Not a ball of prejudice,
Not an ardent boy, a fighter,
But a husband with honor and intelligence.

He could have discovered his feelings,
And don’t bristle like an animal;
He had to disarm
Young heart. "But now
It's too late; time has flown...
Besides - he thinks - in this matter
The old duelist intervened;
He is angry, he is a gossip, he is loud...
Of course there must be contempt
At the cost of his funny words,
But the whispers, the laughter of fools..."
And here is public opinion!33
Spring of honor, our idol!
And this is what the world revolves on!

Seething with impatient enmity,
The poet is waiting for an answer at home;
And here's a tall neighbor
He solemnly brought the answer.
Now it’s a holiday for the jealous person!
He was still afraid that the prankster
Didn't laugh it off somehow
Having invented a trick and breasts
Turning away from the gun.
Now the doubts are resolved:
They must go to the mill
Arrive before dawn tomorrow.
Pull the trigger on each other
And aim at the thigh or temple.

Having decided to hate a coquette,
Boiling Lensky did not want
To see Olga before the fight,
I looked at the sun and looked at the clock,
Finally waved his hand -
And I found myself with my neighbors.
He thought to confuse Olenka,
To amaze with your arrival;
No such luck: as before,
To meet the poor singer
Olenka jumped from the porch,
Like windy hope
Frisky, carefree, cheerful,
Well, exactly the same as it was.

“Why did you disappear so early tonight?”
There was Olenka’s first question.
All feelings in Lensky were clouded
And silently he hung his nose.
Jealousy and annoyance disappeared
Before this clarity of sight,
Before this tender simplicity.
Before this playful soul!..
He looks in sweet tenderness;
He sees: he is still loved;
He is already tormented by repentance,
I'm ready to ask her for forgiveness,
Trembling, unable to find words,
He is happy, he is almost healthy...

XV, XVI
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And again thoughtful, sad
Before my dear Olga,
Vladimir has no power
Remind her of yesterday;
He thinks: “I will be her savior,
I will not tolerate the corrupter
Fire and sighs and praises
He tempted the young heart;
So that the despicable, poisonous worm
Sharpened a lily stalk;
To the two-morning flower
Withered still half-open.”
All this meant, friends:
I'm shooting with a friend.

If only he knew what kind of brine
My Tatiana’s heart was burning!
If only Tatyana knew,
When would she have known
What tomorrow Lensky and Evgeniy
They will argue about the grave canopy;
Oh maybe her love
I would unite my friends again!
But this passion and by chance
No one has opened it yet.
Onegin was silent about everything;
Tatyana was pining away in secret;
Only the nanny could know.
Yes, I was slow-witted.

Lensky was distracted all evening,
Sometimes silent, then cheerful again;
But the one who is nurtured by the muse,
Always like this: frowning brow,
He sat down at the clavichord
And he played only chords on them,
Then, turning his gaze to Olga,
Whispered: isn't it? I'm happy.
But it's too late; time to go. Shrunk
There's a heart in it full of melancholy;
Saying goodbye to the young maiden,
It seemed to be torn apart.
She looks him in the face.
"What's wrong with you?" - Yes. - And to the porch.

Arriving home, pistols
He examined it, then put it in
Again they are in the box and, undressed,
By candlelight, Schiller opened it;
But one thought surrounds him;
A sad heart does not sleep in him:
With inexplicable beauty
He sees Olga in front of him.
Vladimir closes the book,
Takes a pen; his poems,
Full of love nonsense
They sound and flow. Reads them
He speaks out loud, in lyrical heat,
Like Delvig drunk at a feast.

Poems have been preserved for the occasion;
I have them; here they are:
“Where, where have you gone,
Are the golden days of my spring?
What does the coming day have in store for me?
My gaze catches him in vain,
He lurks in the deep darkness.
No need; rights of fate law.
Will I fall, pierced by an arrow,
Or she will fly by,
All good: vigil and sleep
The certain hour comes;
Blessed is the day of worries,
Blessed is the coming of darkness!

The ray of the morning star will flash in the morning
And the bright day will begin to shine;
And I, perhaps I am the tomb
I'll go down into the mysterious canopy,
And the memory of the young poet
Slow Lethe will be swallowed up,
The world will forget me; notes
Will you come, maiden of beauty,
Shed a tear over the early urn
And think: he loved me,
He dedicated it to me alone
The sad dawn of a stormy life!
Heart friend, desired friend,
Come, come: I am your husband!..”

So he wrote darkly and languidly
(What we call romanticism,
Although there is no romanticism here
I don't see; what's in it for us?)
And finally, before dawn,
Bowing my weary head,
On the buzzword, ideal
Lensky quietly dozed off;
But only with sleepy charm
He forgot, he's already a neighbor
The office enters silently
And he wakes up Lensky with a call:
“It’s time to get up: it’s past seven.
Onegin is probably waiting for us.”

But he was wrong: Evgeniy
At this time I was sleeping like a dead sleep.
The nights and shadows are already thinning
And Vesper was greeted by a rooster;
Onegin is sleeping deeply.
The sun is already rolling high,
And a migratory snowstorm
Shines and curls; but the bed
Evgeniy hasn’t left yet,
A dream is still flying over him.
He finally woke up
And the curtain parted the floors;
He looks and sees that it’s time
It's a long time to leave the yard.

He calls quickly. Runs in
His servant, the Frenchman Guillot, comes to him,
Offers robe and shoes
And hands him the laundry.
Onegin hurries to get dressed,
The servant tells him to get ready
Go with him and with you
Take also a combat box.
The running sled is ready.
He sat down and flies to the mill.
We rushed over. He tells the servant
Lepage fatal trunks
Carry after him, and the horses
Drive into the field to two oak trees.

Leaning on the dam, Lensky
I've been waiting impatiently for a long time;
Meanwhile, the village mechanic,
Zaretsky condemned the millstone.
Onegin comes with an apology.
“But where is it,” he said in amazement
Zaretsky, where is your second?”
In duels, the classic and the pedant,
He loved the method out of feeling,
And stretch the man
He did not allow somehow,
But in strict rules art,
According to all ancient legends
(What we should praise about him).

“My second? - said Evgeniy, -
Here he is: my friend, Monsieur Guillot.
I don't foresee any objections
For my presentation:
Even though he is an unknown person,
But of course the guy is honest.”
Zaretsky bit his lip.
Onegin asked Lensky:
“Well, should we start?” - Let's start,
perhaps,-
Vladimir said. And let's go
For the mill. While away
Zaretsky is our and honest fellow -
We entered into an important agreement
The enemies stand with their eyes downcast.

Enemies! How long have we been apart?
Has their bloodlust gone?
How long have they been leisure hours,
Meal, thoughts and deeds
Did you share together? Now it's evil
Like hereditary enemies,
As in this terrible, incomprehensible thing,
They are in silence to each other
They are preparing death in cold blood...
Shouldn't they laugh while
Their hand is not stained,
Should we part ways amicably?
But wildly secular enmity
Afraid of false shame.

Now the pistols are flashing,
The hammer rattles on the ramrod.
Bullets go into the faceted barrel,
And the trigger clicked for the first time.
Here is gunpowder in a grayish stream
It spills onto the shelf. jagged,
Securely screwed flint
Still cocked. For the nearby stump
Guillot becomes embarrassed.
Cloaks are thrown by two enemies.
Zaretsky thirty-two steps
Measured with excellent accuracy,
He took his friends to the extreme,
And everyone took their pistol.

“Now get together.”
In cold blood,
Not yet aiming, two enemies
With a firm gait, quietly, evenly
Walked four steps
Four mortal stages.
His pistol then Evgeniy,
Without ceasing to advance,
He was the first to quietly raise it.
Here are five more steps taken,
And Lensky, squinting his left eye,
I also began to aim - but just
Onegin fired... They struck
Time clock: poet
Silently drops the pistol,

Quietly puts his hand on his chest
And falls. Misty Eyes
Depicts death, not agony.
So slowly along the slope of the mountains,
Sparkling in the sun,
A block of snow falls.
Doused with instant cold,
Onegin hurries to the young man,
He looks and calls him... in vain:
He's no longer there. Young singer
Found an untimely end!
The storm has blown, the color is beautiful
Withered in the morning dawn,
The fire on the altar has gone out!..

He lay motionless and strange
There was a languid world on his brow.
He was wounded right through the chest;
Blood flowed smoking from the wound.
One moment ago
Inspiration beat in this heart,
Enmity, hope and love,
Life was playing, blood was boiling, -
Now, as if in an empty house,
Everything in it is quiet and dark;
It fell silent forever.
The shutters are closed, the windows are chalked
Whitewashed. There is no owner.
And where, God knows. There was no trace.

Nicely cheeky epigram
Enrage a mistaken enemy;
It's nice to see how stubborn he is
Bowing my eager horns,
Involuntarily looks in the mirror
And he is ashamed to recognize himself;
It’s more pleasant if he, friends,
Howls foolishly: it’s me!
It's even more pleasant in silence
Prepare an honest coffin for him
And quietly aim at the pale forehead
At a noble distance;
But send him to his fathers
It will hardly be pleasant for you.

Well, if with your gun
Young friend is smitten,
An immodest look, or an answer,
Or some other trifle
The one who insulted you behind a bottle,
Or even himself in ardent annoyance
Proudly challenging you to battle,
Say: with your soul
What feeling will take over
When motionless, on the ground
Before you with death on his brow,
He gradually ossifies,
When he is deaf and silent
To your desperate call?

In the anguish of heart remorse,
Hand clutching the pistol,
Evgeniy looks at Lensky.
"Well? killed,” the neighbor decided.
Killed!.. With this terrible exclamation;
Smitten, Onegin with a shudder
He leaves and calls people.
Zaretsky carefully puts
There is a frozen corpse on the sleigh;
He is carrying a terrible treasure home.
Smelling the dead, they snore
And the horses fight with white foam
The steel bits are wet,
And they flew like an arrow.

My friends, you feel sorry for the poet;
In the color of joyful hopes,
Having not yet completed them for the light,
Almost out of baby clothes,
Withered! Where is the hot excitement?
Where is the noble aspiration
And the feelings and thoughts of young people,
Tall, gentle, daring?
Where are the stormy desires of love,
And the thirst for knowledge and work,
And fear of vice and shame,
And you, cherished dreams,
You, ghost of unearthly life,
You, holy dreams of poetry!

Perhaps he is for the good of the world
Or at least was born for glory;
His silent lyre
Loud, continuous ringing
In centuries I could lift it. Poet,
Perhaps on the steps of light
A high stage awaited.
His suffering shadow
Perhaps she took it with her
Holy secret, and for us
The life-giving voice has died,
And beyond the grave line
The anthem of the times will not reach her,
Blessing of the Tribes.

Or maybe even that: a poet
The ordinary one was waiting for his destiny.
The youthful summers would have passed:
The ardor of his soul would cool.
He would change in many ways
I would part with the muses, get married,
In the village, happy and horny,
I would wear a quilted robe;
I would really know life
I would have gout at the age of forty,
I drank, ate, got bored, got fat, grew weaker,
And finally in my bed
I would die among children,
Whining women and doctors.

But whatever it is, reader,
Alas, young lover,
Poet, thoughtful dreamer,
Killed by a friend's hand!
There is a place: to the left of the village,
Where did the pet of inspiration live?
Two pine trees have grown together by their roots;
The streams twisted beneath them
Streams of the neighboring valley.
The plowman likes to relax there,
And plunge the reapers into the waves
The ringing jugs come;
There by the stream in the thick shade
A simple monument was erected.

Underneath it (as it begins to drip
Spring rain on the grain fields)
The shepherd, weaving his colorful bast shoes,
Sings about Volga fishermen;
And a young city woman,
Spending the summer in the village,
When she's riding headlong
Rushing through the fields alone,
The horse stops in front of him,
Pulling the belt reins,
And, turning away the veil from the hat,
Reads with fluent eyes
A simple inscription - and a tear
Fogs tender eyes.

And he rides at a pace in an open field,
Plunging into dreams, she;
The soul has been in it for a long time
Lensky is full of fate;
And he thinks: “Has something happened to Olga?
How long has her heart suffered?
Or is it time for tears soon?
And where is her sister now?
And where is the fugitive of people and light,
Fashionable beauties are a fashionable enemy,
Where is this cloudy eccentric,
The killer of the young poet?
In due course I will report to you
I'll give you all the details,

But not now. Even though I'm heartfelt
I love my hero
At least I'll come back to him, of course,
But now I have no time for him.
Summer is inclined towards harsh prose,
Summer drives the naughty rhyme,
And I - with a sigh I admit -
I drag after her more lazily.
Peru ancient no hunting
To dirty the flying sheets;
Other cold dreams
Other, strict concerns
And in the noise of light and in silence
They disturb the sleep of my soul.

I recognized the voice of other desires,
I learned a new sadness;
For the first I have no hope,
And I feel sorry for the old sadness.
Dreams Dreams! where is your sweetness?
Where, the eternal rhyme to it, is youth?
Is it really true at last?
Has her crown faded, faded?
Is it really true and true?
Without elegiac undertakings
The spring of my days has flown by
(What have I been jokingly repeating until now)?
And is there really no return for her?
Am I really going to be thirty years old soon?

So, my noon has come, and I need
I have to admit it, I see.
But so be it: let’s say goodbye together,
Oh my easy youth!
Thank you for the pleasures
For sadness, for sweet torment,
For the noise, for the storms, for the feasts,
For everything, for all your gifts;
Thank you. by you,
Among anxiety and in silence,
I enjoyed it... and completely;
Enough! With a clear soul
I'm now setting out on a new path
Take a break from your past life.

Let me look around. Excuse me, canopy,
Where my days flowed in the wilderness,
Filled with passion and laziness
And the dreams of a pensive soul.
And you, young inspiration,
Excite my imagination
Revive the slumber of the heart,
Come to my corner more often,
Don't let the poet's soul cool down,
Become hardened, calloused,
And finally turn to stone

“To complete the personality of Lensky,” says Pisarev, “we need to analyze his duel with Onegin. Here the reader absolutely does not know who to give the palm in terms of stupidity - Onegin or Lensky.
Pisarev points to Onegin’s deception by Lensky, who promised that only “his own family” would be at the name day, to Onegin’s desire to take revenge for the fact that he ended up at an evening with numerous guests, and to the fact that Lensky “climbs the walls” and sends a challenge to his friend to a duel for allegedly insulting him.
Yes, Olga refused to dance to Lensky, because she had previously recklessly “gave her word” to Onegin. Pisarev proves that Lensky “had no reason to be angry with either Onegin or Olga.”
Belinsky also believes that Lensky “challenged Onegin to a duel for an empty reason.”

Let us show that these accusations of critics are also unfounded. Let us trace the development of events that led to the tragic outcome. Autumn has come - the most boring time in the village.

That year the weather was autumn
I stood in the yard for a long time,
Winter was waiting, nature was waiting.
Snow fell only in January. (5, I)

One day, Lensky, talking with Onegin, suddenly remembers Onegin’s invitation to Tatyana’s name day.

………………... Some day
Let's visit them; you will oblige them;
Otherwise, my friend, judge for yourself:
I looked twice, and there
You can’t even show your nose to them.
Well... what a fool I am!
You were invited to them this week. (4, ХLVIII)

"I?" - Yes, Tatyana’s name day
On Saturday. Olenka and mother
They told me to call, but there is no reason
You don't come when called. –
“But there will be a lot of people there
And all that rabble..." (4, ХLIХ)

Lensky is surprised by Onegin’s words and asks himself the question of who could be there, if until now, due to Tanya’s well-known dislike for guests, no one has ever appeared at her name day.

– And, no one, I’m sure!
Who will be there? your own family.
Let's go, do me a favor!
Well? - "Agree". - How sweet you are! (4, ХLIХ)

When the friends belatedly entered the Larins' yard, they realized that

In the morning the Larins' house is visited by guests
All full; whole families
The neighbors gathered in carts,
In wagons, chaises and sleighs. (5, XXV)

Without doubting Lensky's veracity, Onegin understood that the current sudden influx of guests on Tatyana's name day is connected with their unfading interest in gossip and rumors about his summer walks with Tanya in the garden at night (chapter 4, stanza XVII).
Evgeniy could have turned around and gone home, but he showed character and himself decided to congratulate Tatyana. Therefore, now he had no reason to take revenge on Lensky for his involuntary deception.
The neighbors carried out extensive preparatory work for Tatyana’s name day. With them

The company commander arrived;
Entered... Oh, what news!
There will be regimental music!
The colonel himself sent her.
What joy: there will be a ball! (5, XXVIII)

The gallant Lensky invites the birthday girl Tatyana to the first dance.

Monotonous and crazy
Like a young whirlwind of life,
A noisy whirlwind swirls around the waltz. (5, ХLI)

Hidden envy for someone else's fun, for someone else's joy, caused in Onegin destructive feelings of revenge, anger and betrayal. He pretended that Tatyana's violent emotions, awakened by his sudden appearance, became an unpleasant surprise for him and blamed it on... his friend Lensky.

The eccentric, having found himself at a huge feast,
I was already angry. But languid maidens
Noticing the tremulous impulse,
Looking down in annoyance,
He pouted and, indignantly,
Swore to enrage Lensky
And take some revenge. (5, ХХХI)

By the time the dancing began, Tatyana had already overcome her excitement caused by Onegin’s sudden appearance and accepted his congratulations, looking into his eyes:

……..the maiden has a languid look,
Her embarrassment, fatigue
Pity was born in his soul:
He silently bowed to her,
But somehow the look of his eyes
He was wonderfully gentle...
... this gaze expressed tenderness:
He revived Tanya's heart. (5, XXXIV)

Therefore, Onegin had no grounds other than envy and malice for revenge on Lensky. Nevertheless,

Now, triumphant in advance,
He began to draw in his soul
Caricatures of all guests. (5, ХХХI)

And Onegin takes revenge on everyone: Lensky, Praskovya, guests, Tatyana, refusing to dance the mazurka with her, which she dreamed of.

Approaching the moment of vengeance,
Onegin, secretly smiling,
Approaches Olga. (5, ХLI)

Onegin invites Olga to a waltz, talks animatedly with her and after the break

Again he continues the waltz with her;
Everyone is amazed. Lensky himself
He doesn't believe his own eyes. (5, ХLI)

Onegin again invites Olga to the mazurka, naturally provoking Lensky’s anger.

In jealous indignation
The poet is waiting for the end of the mazurka
And he calls her to the cotillion. (5, ХLIV)

But she can't. It is forbidden? But what?
Yes, Olga already gave her word
Onegin. Oh my God, my God!
What does he hear? She could...
Lensky is unable to bear the blow;
Cursing women's pranks,
It turns out that he demands a horse.
And he jumps. A couple of pistols
Two bullets - nothing more -
Suddenly his fate will be resolved. (5, ХLV)

Disappointed during the last dance

…………. Olenka yawned
I looked for Lensky with my eyes,
And an endless cotillion
She was tormented like a heavy dream, (6 , I)

And Onegin, noticing that Vladimir had disappeared in anger,

………….boredom drives us away again,
Close to Olga, deep in thought,
Satisfied with his revenge. (6, I)

According to Pisarev, “the whole blow was that Olga did not go to dance the cotillion with him.” In fact, the impressionable, trusting, open, sincere Lensky was suddenly struck by three blows at once: the betrayal of a friend to whom

Your trusting conscience
He innocently exposed, (2, XIX)

And of whose devotion to the ideals of friendship I was confident:

He believed that his friends were ready
For his honor to accept the shackles
And that their hand will not tremble
Break the slanderer's vessel; (2, VIII)

Imaginary betrayal of the bride on the eve of the wedding:

She knows the trick,
I’ve already learned to change (5, ХLV)

And the malicious whisper of the “amazed” guests.
It is clear that, while at enmity with Onegin, the neighbors offended by him had long tried to destroy the friendship of two inseparable friends and thus isolate Onegin.
It is obvious that from all sides, for many months, Lensky was pestered with rumors that Onegin was a famous metropolitan “corrupter,” that the gullible poet harbored a dangerous snake on his chest, and that soon after the wedding he would know Onegin “in reality” when he was “happy.” and horned." And with his offensive, defiant behavior at the ball, Onegin began to confirm their predictions ahead of schedule.
In the morning, Onegin received a challenge to a duel. Having visited the Larins during the day, Lensky unexpectedly saw that “he is still loved” by Olga.

He is already tormented by repentance,
I'm ready to ask her for forgiveness,
Trembling, unable to find words,
He is happy, he is almost healthy. (6, XIV)

But he cannot forgive his friend Onegin for his black betrayal.

And again thoughtful, sad
Before my dear Olga,
Vladimir has no power
Remind her of yesterday. (6, ХVII)

He thinks: “I will be her savior.
I will not tolerate the corrupter
Fire and sighs and praises
Tempted a young heart." (6, ХVII)

The “neighborhood,” which Onegin contemptuously called “rabble,” decided to take advantage of the opportunity to deal with Onegin, even risking the life of the young poet. Their representative, the unprincipled, ruthless Zaretsky, became Lensky’s second.

In duels, the classic and the pedant,
He loved the method out of feeling,
And stretch the man
He did not allow somehow,
But in the strict rules of art,
According to all ancient legends. (6, XXVI)

However, in this case, in violation of many provisions of the dueling code, he did everything to ensure that the reconciliation of friends did not take place and the duel ended in death, since Onegin, in essence, did not have a second. Any result of the fight suited the neighbors as revenge on Onegin.
On the morning of the next day after the ball, Zaretsky appeared at Onegin’s house and

…. after the first greeting,
Interrupting the conversation that had started,
Onegin, grinning his eyes,
He handed me a note from the poet. (6, VIII)

He was pleasant, noble,
Short call or cartel:
Courteously, with cold clarity
Lensky invited his friend to a duel.
Onegin from the first movement,
To the ambassador of such an order
Turning around, without further ado
Said he always ready. (6,IX)

Having received Onegin’s rash consent to the duel, Zaretsky immediately left his house, fearing that Onegin would come to his senses:

Zaretsky stood up without explanation;
I didn’t want to stay any longer
Having a lot to do at home,
And immediately he went out, (6,IX)

Without agreeing to meet with Onegin's second in order to stipulate the terms of the duel and make an attempt at reconciliation in accordance with the rules.
Having learned about the upcoming duel, Lensky rejoices like a child with a new toy.

Now it’s a holiday for the jealous person!
He was still afraid that the prankster
Didn't laugh it off somehow
Having invented a trick and breasts
Turning away from the gun. (6, XII)

A duel, as a procedure for restoring honor, is associated with assessing the extent of the insult. Lensky's insult was so insignificant that Onegin's demonstration of fearlessness and readiness for battle was enough to remove it. By accepting the challenge, Onegin shows that he considers Lensky his equal, and thus rehabilitates his honor.
The next day, Zaretsky appeared early at the house of Lensky, who had not slept all night, writing romantic poems and bemoaning his fate.

And finally, before dawn,
Bowing my weary head,
On a buzzword ideal
Lensky quietly dozed off;
But only with sleepy charm
He forgot, he's already a neighbor
The office enters silently
And he wakes up Lensky with a call:
“It’s time to get up: it’s past seven.
Onegin is surely waiting for us.” (6, XXIII)

Onegin overslept and was several hours late for the duel. In this case, Lensky’s second could count Onegin a shameful defeat due to failure to appear, but Zaretsky, a village mechanic, preferred to “condemn the millstone” of the mill all this time so that Lensky would not leave the place of the duel.
In amazement when he saw Onegin’s servant, a Frenchman, an “honest fellow,” represented by a second, Zaretsky “bit his lip” from the unheard-of insult: after all, he was humiliated, equated to a lackey, which was a sufficient reason to stop the fight (according to the rules, seconds must be equal in status and independent from duelists).
But Zaretsky chose not to notice the humiliation and entered into an “important agreement” with the “honest fellow”, then put the “embarrassed Guillot” “behind the nearest stump” and took upon himself all the functions of the leader of the duel.
Onegin, once again violating the rules of the duel, turned directly to Lensky with indirect offer truce and, judging by the intonation of the answer, received..... agreement.

Onegin asked Lensky:
“Well, shall we begin?” “Let’s begin, perhaps,”
Vladimir said. (6, XXVII)

At this moment, Zaretsky was obliged to offer a truce to the opponents, but he once again ignored the rules. Experienced duelist Onegin had every right to declare to Lensky: “Our seconds are grossly violating the dueling code! Vladimir, I see that you do not insist on a duel, and even less so do I. I regret my misbehavior at the ball and apologize to you." Since Lensky's insult was very minor, these words of apology, in accordance with the rules, were enough to stop the duel.
Such an outcome of the case would soften Onegin’s guilt towards his young friend. After all

.....…………….. Eugene
Alone with your soul
He was unhappy with himself. (6, IX)

He blamed himself for many things:
First of all, he was wrong
What is above timid, tender love?
So the evening joked casually.

And secondly: let the poet
Fooling around; at eighteen
It's forgivable. Eugene,
Loving the young man with all my heart,
Had to prove myself
Not a ball of prejudice,
Not an ardent boy, a fighter,
But a husband with honor and intelligence. (6, X)

He could discover feelings
And don’t bristle like an animal;
He had to disarm
Young heart. (6, ХI)

But Zaretsky again pretended that he had not heard anything and continued preparing for the duel.

Zaretsky thirty-two steps
Measured with excellent accuracy,
He took his friends to the extreme,
And everyone took their pistol. (6, XXIX)

And here in Onegin, an adult and an experienced fighter, who had long ago stopped loving “both scolding and saber and lead,” pride, selfishness, cowardice, indifference, betrayal and a willingness to submit to the pressure of “public opinion” of the rural “rabble” took over.

Besides - he thinks - in this matter
The old duelist intervened;
He is angry, he is a gossip, he is loud...
Of course there must be contempt
At the cost of his funny words,
But the whispers, the laughter of fools..."
And here is public opinion!
Spring of honor, our idol!
And this is what the world revolves on! (6, ХI)

Instead of demanding that the duel leader Zaretsky complete the dueling protocols, the unperturbed Onegin, who had slept well, unlike Lensky, preferred to shoot in cold blood in the chest of his young friend, while Lensky would probably have shot “in the thigh” of this “prankster”, as he called Onegin.
It is no coincidence that Onegin, at a reception in the capital, “seems alien to everyone,” because his activities leave behind, in addition to “icy corpses,” only

…….. forgotten enemies,
Slanderers and evil cowards,
And a swarm of young traitors,
And a circle of despised comrades. (8, XXXVII)

After the cold-blooded murder of the young poet, Onegin, “drenched in instant cold,” hypocritically portrays grief, as does Zaretsky, who begins to “carefully” treat the murdered Lensky.

Onegin hurries to the young man,
She looks and calls him... in vain. (6, ХХХI)

In the anguish of heart remorse,
Hand clutching the pistol,
Evgeniy looks at Lensky.
"Well? killed,” the neighbor decided.

Killed!.. With this terrible exclamation
Smitten, Onegin with a shudder
He leaves and calls people.
Zaretsky carefully puts
There is a frozen corpse on the sleigh;
He is carrying a terrible treasure home. (6, XXXV)

Next, the killers of the “young singer” jointly develop measures to avoid punishment: they declare Lensky a suicide and bury him “by a stream in the thick shade” far from his parents’ graves, outside the cemetery, thus punishing him once again posthumously.
In our opinion, Lensky had no less important reasons for challenging Onegin to a duel than Pushkin for challenging Dantes. The tragic fate of the “unknown but sweet singer” Lensky can easily include Lermontov’s famous lines dedicated to Pushkin:

The poet is dead! - slave of honor -
Fell, slandered by rumor,
With lead in my chest and a thirst for revenge,
Hanging his proud head!..

And he is killed - and taken by the grave,
Like that singer, unknown but sweet,
The prey of deaf jealousy,
Sung by him with such wonderful power,
Struck down, like him, by a merciless hand.
(M.Yu. Lermontov. “On the Death of a Poet”)

Thus, it is shown that the assessment by critics Belinsky and Pisarev of the images of Praskovya, Olga and Lensky cannot be considered objective and fair. They did not notice the sinister role of the local nobility in the murder of Lensky at all.

La sotto i giorni nubilosi e brevi,
Nasce una gente a cui ‘l morir non dole.
Petr.

Noticing that Vladimir had disappeared,
Onegin, we are driving away boredom again,
Close to Olga, deep in thought,
Satisfied with his revenge.
Olinka yawned after him,
I looked for Lensky with my eyes,
And an endless cotillion
She was tormented like a heavy dream.
But it's over. They're going for dinner.
The beds are being made; for guests
Accommodation for the night is taken away from the entryway
Until the most maiden. Everyone needs
Restful sleep. My Onegin
One went home to sleep.

Everything has calmed down: in the living room
Heavy snoring Pustyakov
With my heavier half.
Gvozdin, Buyanov, Petushkov
And Flyanov, not entirely healthy,
They lay down on chairs in the dining room,
And on the floor is Monsieur Triquet,
In a sweatshirt, in an old cap.
Girls in Tatiana's rooms
And Olga is all asleep.
Alone, sad under the window
Illuminated by Diana's ray,
Poor Tatyana doesn't sleep
And he looks into the dark field.

His unexpected appearance
Instant tenderness of the eyes
And strange behavior with Olga
To the depths of my soul
She is imbued; can not
There is no way to understand him; worries
Her jealous melancholy
Like a cold hand
Her heart squeezes like an abyss
It’s black and noisy underneath...
“I’ll die,” Tanya says,
“But death from him is kind.
I don't complain: why complain?
He can’t give me happiness.”

There used to be a flattering voice of light
He praised his evil courage:
He's really an ace out of a pistol
I hit it in five fathoms,
And then to say that in battle
Once in real rapture
He distinguished himself, boldly into the mud
Falling off a Kalmyk horse,
Like a drunk Zyuzya, and the French
Got captured: a precious pledge!
Newest Regulus, god of honor,
Ready to indulge in bonds again,
So that every evening at Vera’s (37)
In debt to drain three bottles.

He used to taunt funny
He knew how to fool a fool
And it’s nice to fool a smart person,
Either obviously, or on the sly,
Although he has other things
Didn't pass without science,
Even though sometimes I’m in trouble myself
He came across like a simpleton
He knew how to argue cheerfully,
Answer sharply and stupidly,
Sometimes it’s prudent to remain silent,
Sometimes it is calculated to quarrel,
Encourage young friends to quarrel
And put them on the barrier,

He was pleasant, noble,
Short call or cartel:
Courteously, with cold clarity
Lensky invited his friend to a duel.
Onegin from the first movement,
To the ambassador of such an order
Turning around, without further ado
Said he's always ready.
Zaretsky stood up without explanation;
I didn’t want to stay any longer
Having a lot to do at home,
And immediately he went out; but Evgeniy
Alone with your soul
I was unhappy with myself.

He could discover feelings
And don’t bristle like an animal;
He had to disarm
Young heart. "But now
It's too late; time has flown...
Besides - he thinks - in this matter
The old duelist intervened;
He is angry, he is a gossip, he is loud...
Of course there must be contempt
At the cost of his funny words,
But the whispers, the laughter of fools..."
And here is public opinion! (38)
Spring of honor, our idol!
And this is what the world revolves on!

Seething with impatient enmity,
The poet is waiting for an answer at home;
And here's a tall neighbor
He solemnly brought the answer.
Now it’s a holiday for the jealous person!
He was still afraid that the prankster
Didn't laugh it off somehow
Having invented a trick and breasts
Turning away from the gun.
Now the doubts are resolved:
They must go to the mill
Arrive tomorrow before dawn
Pull the trigger on each other
And aim at the thigh or temple.

Having decided to hate a coquette,
Boiling Lensky did not want
To see Olga before the fight,
I looked at the sun, looked at the clock,
Finally waved his hand -
And I found myself with my neighbors.
He thought to embarrass Olinka
To amaze with your arrival;
No such luck: as before,
To meet the poor singer
Olinka jumped from the porch,
Like windy hope
Frisky, carefree, cheerful,
Well, exactly the same as it was.

“Why did you disappear so early tonight?”
That was Olinka’s first question.
All feelings in Lensky were clouded,
And silently he hung his nose.
Jealousy and annoyance disappeared
Before this clarity of sight,
Before this tender simplicity,
Before this playful soul!..
He looks in sweet tenderness;
He sees: he is still loved;
He's already tormented by repentance,
I'm ready to ask her for forgiveness,
Trembling, unable to find words,
He is happy, he is almost healthy...

And again thoughtful, sad
Before my dear Olga,
Vladimir has no power
Remind her of yesterday;
He thinks: “I will be her savior.
I will not tolerate the corrupter
Fire and sighs and praises
He tempted the young heart;
So that the despicable, poisonous worm
Sharpened a lily stalk;
To the two-morning flower
Withered still half-open.”
All this meant, friends:
I'm shooting with a friend.

If only he knew what a wound
My Tatiana’s heart was burning!
If only Tatyana knew,
When would she have known
What tomorrow Lensky and Evgeniy
They will argue about the grave canopy;
Oh maybe her love
I would unite my friends again!
But this passion and by chance
No one has opened it yet.
Onegin was silent about everything;
Tatyana was pining away in secret;
Only the nanny could know
Yes, I was slow-witted.

Lensky was distracted all evening,
Sometimes silent, then cheerful again;
But the one who is nurtured by the muse,
Always like this: frowning brow,
He sat down at the clavichord
And he played only chords on them,
Then, turning his gaze to Olga,
Whispered: isn't it? I'm happy.
But it's too late; time to go. Shrunk
He has a heart full of longing;
Saying goodbye to the young maiden,
It seemed to be torn apart.
She looks him in the face.
"What's wrong with you?" - So. - And onto the porch.

Arriving home, pistols
He examined it, then put it in
Again they are in the box and, undressed,
By candlelight, Schiller opened;
But one thought surrounds him;
A sad heart does not sleep in him:
With inexplicable beauty
He sees Olga in front of him.
Vladimir closes the book,
Takes a pen; his poems,
Full of love nonsense
They sound and flow. Reads them
He speaks out loud, in lyrical heat,
Like Delvig drunk at a feast.

Poems have been preserved for the occasion;
I have them; here they are:
“Where, where have you gone,
Are the golden days of my spring?
What does the coming day have in store for me?
My gaze catches him in vain,
He lurks in the deep darkness.
No need; rights of fate law.
Will I fall, pierced by an arrow,
Or she will fly by,
All good: vigil and sleep
The certain hour comes
Blessed is the day of worries,
Blessed is the coming of darkness!

“The ray of the morning star will flash in the morning
And the bright day will begin to shine;
And I - perhaps I am a tomb
I'll go down into the mysterious canopy,
And the memory of the young poet
Slow Lethe will be swallowed up,
The world will forget me; notes
Will you come, maiden of beauty,
Shed a tear over the early urn
And think: he loved me,
He dedicated it to me alone
The sad dawn of a stormy life!..
Heart friend, desired friend,
Come, come: I am your husband!..”

So he wrote darkly and languidly
(What we call romanticism,
Although there is not a little romanticism here
I don't see; what's in it for us?)
And finally, before dawn,
Bowing my weary head,
On the buzzword, ideal
Lensky quietly dozed off;
But only with sleepy charm
He forgot, he's already a neighbor
The office enters silently
And he wakes up Lensky with a call:
“It’s time to get up: it’s past seven.
Onegin is surely waiting for us.”

But he was wrong: Evgeniy
At this time I was sleeping like a dead sleep.
The nights and shadows are already thinning
And Vesper was greeted by a rooster;
Onegin is sleeping deeply.
The sun is already rolling high
And a migratory snowstorm
Shines and curls; but the bed
Evgeniy hasn’t left yet,
A dream is still flying over him.
He finally woke up
And the curtain parted the floors;
He looks and sees that it’s time
It's a long time to leave the yard.

He calls quickly. Runs in
His servant, the Frenchman Guillot, comes to him,
Offers robe and shoes
And hands him the laundry.
Onegin hurries to get dressed,
The servant tells him to get ready
Go with him and with you
Take also a combat box.
The running sled is ready.
He sat down and flies to the mill.
We rushed over. He tells the servant
Lepage(39) fatal trunks
Carry after him, and the horses
Drive into the field to two oak trees.

Leaning on the dam, Lensky
I've been waiting impatiently for a long time;
Meanwhile, the village mechanic,
Zaretsky condemned zhorns.
“But where,” he said in amazement
Zaretsky, where is your second?”
In duels, the classic and the pedant,
He loved the method out of feeling,
And stretch the man
He allowed - not somehow,
But in the strict rules of art,
According to all ancient legends
(What we should praise about him).

“My second? - said Evgeniy, -
Here he is: my friend, Monsieur Guillot.
I don't foresee any objections
For my presentation:
Even though he is an unknown person,
But of course the guy is honest.”
Zaretsky bit his lip.
Onegin asked Lensky:
“Well, shall we begin?” - Let's start, perhaps -
Vladimir said. And let's go
For the mill. While away
Zaretsky is our honest fellow
We entered into an important agreement
The enemies stand with their eyes downcast.

Enemies! How long have we been apart?
Has their bloodlust gone?
How long have they been leisure hours,
Meal, thoughts and deeds
Did you share together? Now it's evil
Like hereditary enemies,
Like in a terrible, incomprehensible dream,
They are in silence to each other
They are preparing death in cold blood...
Shouldn't they laugh while
Their hand is not stained,
Shouldn't we part ways amicably?..
But wildly secular enmity
Afraid of false shame.

Now the pistols are flashing,
The hammer rattles on the ramrod.
Bullets go into the faceted barrel,
And the trigger clicked for the first time.
Here is gunpowder in a grayish stream
It's spilling onto the shelves. jagged,
Securely screwed flint
Still cocked. For the nearby stump
Guillot becomes embarrassed.
Cloaks are thrown by two enemies.
Zaretsky thirty-two steps
Measured with excellent accuracy,
He took his friends to the extreme,
And everyone took their pistol.

He lay motionless and strange
There was a languid look on his brow.
He was wounded right through the chest;
Smoking, blood flowed from the wound.
One moment ago
Inspiration beat in this heart,
Enmity, hope and love,
Life was playing, blood was boiling:
Now, as if in an empty house,
Everything in it is quiet and dark;
It fell silent forever.
The shutters are closed, the windows are chalked
Whitewashed. There is no owner.
And where, God knows. There was no trace.

In the anguish of heart remorse,
Hand clutching the pistol,
Evgeniy looks at Lensky.
"Well? killed,” the neighbor decided.
Killed!.. With this terrible exclamation
Smitten, Onegin with a shudder
He leaves and calls people.
Zaretsky carefully puts
There is a frozen corpse on the sleigh;
He is carrying a terrible treasure home.
Smelling the dead, they snore
And the horses fight with white foam
The steel bits are wet,
And they flew like an arrow.

My friends, you feel sorry for the poet:
In the color of joyful hopes,
Having not yet completed them for the light,
Almost out of baby clothes,
Withered! Where is the hot excitement?
Where is the noble aspiration
And feelings and thoughts of young people,
Tall, gentle, daring?
Where are the stormy desires of love,
And the thirst for knowledge and work,
And fear of vice and shame,
And you, cherished dreams,
You, ghost of unearthly life,
You, holy dreams of poetry!

Or maybe even that: a poet
The ordinary one was waiting for his destiny.
The youthful summers would have passed:
The ardor of his soul would cool.
He would change in many ways
I would part with the muses, get married,
The village is happy and horny
I would wear a quilted robe;
I would really know life
I would have gout at the age of forty,
I drank, ate, got bored, got fat, grew weaker,
And finally in my bed
I would die among children,
Whining women and doctors.

But whatever it is, reader,
Alas, young lover,
Poet, thoughtful dreamer,
Killed by a friend's hand!
There is a place: to the left of the village
Where did the pet of inspiration live?
Two pine trees have grown together by their roots;
The streams twisted beneath them
Streams of the neighboring valley.
The plowman likes to relax there,
And plunge the reapers into the waves
The ringing jugs come;
There by the stream in the thick shade
A simple monument was erected.

And he rides at a pace in an open field,
Plunging into dreams, she;
The soul has been in it for a long time
Lensky is full of fate;
And he thinks: “has something happened to Olga?
How long has her heart suffered?
Or is it time for tears soon?
And where is her sister now?
And where is the fugitive of people and light,
Fashionable beauties are a fashionable enemy,
Where is this cloudy eccentric,
The killer of the young poet?
In due course I will report to you
I'll give you all the details,

But not now. Even though I'm heartfelt
I love my hero
At least I'll come back to him, of course,
But now I have no time for him.
Summer is inclined towards harsh prose,
Summer drives the naughty rhyme,
And I – with a sigh I admit –
I drag after her more lazily.
Peru ancient no hunting
To dirty the flying sheets;
Other cold dreams
Other, strict concerns
And in the noise of light and in silence
They disturb the sleep of my soul.

I recognized the voice of other desires,
I learned a new sadness;
For the first I have no hope,
And I feel sorry for the old sadness.
Dreams Dreams! where is your sweetness?
Where, the eternal rhyme to it, is youth?
Is it really true at last?
Has her crown faded, faded?
Is it really really possible?
Without elegiac undertakings
The spring of my days has flown by
(What have I been jokingly repeating until now)?
And is there really no return for her?
Am I really going to be thirty soon?

Let me look around. Excuse me, canopy,
Where my days flowed in the wilderness,
Filled with passion and laziness
And the dreams of a pensive soul.
And you, young inspiration,
Excite my imagination
Revive the slumber of the heart,
Come to my corner more often,
Don't let the poet's soul cool down,
Harden, become hardened
And finally turn to stone
In the deadening ecstasy of light,
In this pool where I am with you
I'm swimming, dear friends! (40)

Lidiya Yakovlevna TIMOSHENKO (1903-1976) - an artist of complex creative destiny. The heyday of her work occurred in the mid-1930s - at this time, a figurative language and the artist’s own painting and graphic style were formed. Most of the works of this period are devoted to themes of childhood and youth, they depict pioneers, teenagers spending time on sports grounds, sunbathing and swimming on the beach, dancing, picking fruits... In many ways, it was Tymoshenko’s expressive images that shaped modern performance about the era of the 1930s. In the 60s, she acquired the unspoken status of a particularly sophisticated portrait painter - a series of her portraits, laconically expressive and liberated in color, became iconic for the Moscow intelligentsia of the late 60s.

The artist’s works are in many museum collections in Russia, including the Tretyakov Gallery and the Russian Museum.

In her work, graphics and painting closely coexist. It took Lydia Timoshenko more than twenty years to complete the enormous work of illustrating the novel in verse by A.S. PUSHKIN “Eugene Onegin” in painting and graphic techniques. These are two completely different series, the first was made in oil at the beginning of the post-war period, the second in the 60s, in color lithography.

"Portrait of Onegin." 1960-1967 Paper, color lithography. 27 x 22 cm.
"Portrait of Pushkin." 1960-1967 Paper, color lithography. 30 x 23 cm.

1960-1967 Paper, color lithography. 26 x 22 cm.
Chapter 1.
“You can be a efficient person
And think about the beauty of nails:
Why argue fruitlessly with the century?
...He's at least three o'clock
I spent in front of the mirrors...”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 45 x 36 cm.

Chapter 2.
“He listened to Lensky with a smile.
The poet's passionate conversation,
And the mind, still unsteady in judgment,
And an eternally inspired gaze, -
Everything was new to Onegin;
He's a cooling word
I tried to keep it in my mouth..."

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 42 x 32 cm.

Chapter 3.
"Imagining a heroine
Your beloved creators,
Clarissa, Julia, Delphine,
Tatyana in the silence of the forests
One wanders with a dangerous book,
She searches and finds in her
Your secret heat, your dreams..."

1960-1967 Paper, color lithography. 28 x 21 cm.
Chapter 3.
“Suddenly a thought appeared in her mind...
"Go ahead, leave me alone.
Give me a pen and paper, nanny,
Yes, move the table; I'll go to bed soon;
I'm sorry." And here she is alone.
Everything is quiet. The moon is shining on her.
Leaning on her elbows, Tatyana writes.
And everything is on Evgeny’s mind,
And in a thoughtless letter
The love of an innocent maiden breathes.”

1960-1967 Paper, color lithography. 29 x 22 cm.
Chapter 4.
"I love you with the love of a brother
And maybe even more tender.
Listen to me without anger:
The young maiden will change more than once
Dreams are easy dreams;
So the tree has its own leaves
Changes every spring.
So, apparently, it was destined by heaven.
You will love again: but...
Learn to control yourself;
Not everyone will understand you like I do;
Inexperience leads to disaster."
This is what Eugene preached.
Through tears, not seeing anything,
Barely breathing, no objections,
Tatyana listened to him.”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 45 x 35 cm.

Chapter 4.
"From hour to hour, captivated more
Olga's young beauty,
Vladimir sweet captivity
Surrendered with all my soul,
He is always with her. In her peace
The two of them sit in the dark;
They are in the garden, hand in hand,
They walk in the morning;
So what? Intoxicated with love,
In the confusion of tender shame,
He only dares sometimes
Encouraged by Olga's smile,
Play with a developed curl
Or kiss the hem of your clothes.”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 29 x 45 cm.
1960-1967 Paper, color lithography.
Chapter 4.
"But I am the fruit of my dreams
And harmonic undertakings
I read only to the old nanny,
Friend of my youth,
Yes, after a boring lunch
A neighbor wandered into my place,
Having caught him unexpectedly on the floor,
My soul is like a tragedy in the corner...”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 29 x 44 cm.
1960-1967 Paper, color lithography.
Chapter 5.
“Christmas time has come. What a joy!
Windy youth guesses,
Who doesn't regret anything
Before which life is far
It lies bright and vast;
Old age guesses through glasses
At his grave board,
Having lost everything irrevocably;
And still: hope for them
He lies with his baby talk.
Tatiana with a curious gaze
He looks at the sunken wax:
He has a wonderfully poured pattern
Something wonderful says to her...”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 45 x 35 cm.
1960-1967 Paper, color lithography.
Chapter 5.
“And Tatyana has a wonderful dream.
She dreams that she
Walking through a snowy meadow
Surrounded by sad darkness...
...Tatiana into the forest; the bear is behind her;
The snow is loose up to her knees;
Then a long branch around her neck
Suddenly it gets hooked, then from the ears
The golden earrings will be torn out by force;
Then in the fragile snow from my sweet little leg
A wet shoe will get stuck...
...Fell into the snow; bear quickly
She is grabbed and carried;
She is insensitively submissive,
Doesn't move, doesn't die;
He rushes her along the forest road...”

1960-1967 Paper, color lithography. 27 x 21 cm.
Chapter 5.
“Buyanov, my perky brother,
He brought us to our hero
Tatiana and Olga; nimbly
Onegin went with Olga;
He leads her, gliding carelessly,
And leaning over to whisper tenderly to her
Some vulgar madrigal
And he shakes hands and bursts into flames
In her proud face
The blush is brighter. My Lensky
I saw everything: he flushed, he was not himself;
In jealous indignation
The poet is waiting for the end of the mazurka...”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 45 x 35 cm.
Chapter 6.
“They struck
Time clock: poet
Silently drops the pistol,
Quietly puts his hand on his chest
And falls. Misty Eyes
Depicts death, not agony.
So slowly along the slope of the mountains,
Sparkling in the sun,
A block of snow falls.
Doused with instant cold,
Onegin hurries to the young man,
He looks and calls him... in vain:
He's no longer there. Young singer
Found an untimely end!
The storm has blown, the color is beautiful
Withered at dawn,
The fire on the altar has gone out!..
... In the anguish of heart remorse,
Hand clutching the pistol,
Evgeniy looks at Lensky.
"Well? killed,” the neighbor decided.
Killed!.. With this terrible exclamation
Struck, Onegin with a shudder
He goes away and calls people.”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 45 x 35 cm.
1960-1967 Paper, color lithography.
Chapter 7.
“Tanya enters the empty house,
Where did our hero recently live?
... Tatyana with a touching gaze
He looks at everything around him,
And everything seems priceless to her,
Everything brings life to the languid soul
Half-painful joy:
And a table with a dim lamp,
And a pile of books, and under the window
Carpeted bed
And the view through the window through the moonlight,
And this pale half-light,
And Lord Byron's portrait...
...Kept many pages
Mark sharp nails;
The eyes of an attentive girl
Focused on them more quickly.
Tatiana sees with trembling,
What thought, remark
Onegin was amazed
To which he silently agreed.
In their fields she meets
The lines of his pencil.
Onegin's soul is everywhere
Involuntarily expresses himself
That in a nutshell, then with a cross,
That's a question hook.
And it starts little by little
My Tatyana understand
It's clearer now - thank God -
The one for whom she sighs
Condemned by an imperious fate:
The eccentric is sad and dangerous,
The creation of hell or heaven,
This angel, this arrogant demon,
What is he? Is it really imitation?
An insignificant ghost, or else
Muscovite in Harold's cloak,
interpretation of other people's whims,
A complete vocabulary of fashion words?..
Isn’t he a parody?”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 45 x 35 cm.
1960-1967 Paper, color lithography. 28 x 23 cm.
Chapter 8.
“The princess looks at him...
And whatever troubled her soul,
No matter how strong she was
Surprised, amazed,
But nothing changed her:
It retained the same tone
Her bow was just as quiet.
Hey, hey! not that I shuddered
Or suddenly became pale, red...
Her eyebrow didn't move;
She didn’t even press her lips together.”

1950-1955 Cardboard, oil. 45 x 35 cm.
1960-1967 Paper, color lithography. 27 x 23 cm.
Chapter 8.
"In the anguish of insane regrets
Evgeniy fell at her feet;
She shuddered and remained silent;
And he looks at Onegin
No surprise, no anger...
... She doesn't pick him up
And, without taking my eyes off him,
Doesn't take away from greedy lips
Your insensitive hand...
What is her dream now?
A long silence passes,
And finally she quietly:
"That's enough; stand up."

Do you know the text of A. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin”?

QUIZ

Who knows what fame is!
At what price did he buy the right?
Opportunity or grace
Over everything so wise and crafty
Joking, mysteriously silent
And call a leg a leg?..

Anna Akhmatova

1. Among the following catchphrases from Pushkin’s works, name those taken from the novel “Eugene Onegin”.

Genius and villainy are two incompatible things;
and happiness was so possible;
whatever happens will be nice;
I remember a wonderful moment;
It is impossible to harness a horse and a tremulous doe into one cart;
living power is hateful to the mob;
Love for all ages.

2. How does Pushkin characterize his main character?

Onegin was, in the opinion of many
(decisive and strict judges)
Small scientist, but pedant…

But trousers, tailcoat, vest,
All these words no in Russian;
And I see, I apologize to you,
Well, my poor syllable is already
I could have been much less colorful
Foreign words
Even though I looked in the old days
In Academic Dictionary.

4. “They fasted twice a year,” it is said about the Larins. What does the word mean to fast?

5. What do you know about the holiday discussed in the following lines?

Christmas time has arrived. What a joy!
Windy youth guesses,
Who doesn't regret anything
Before which life is far
It lies bright and vast;...

6. What does it mean it's time between the wolf and the dog, which is mentioned in the fourth chapter?

7. A cab driver is heading to the stock exchange. Oh what stock exchange are we talking? Why does a cab driver need a stock exchange?

8. Tatiana’s mother, before her marriage, “could pronounce Russian through her nose.” N How N French". How to correctly read Russian and French letters?

9. Is Asya, the heroine of I. Turgenev’s story of the same name, quoting A. Pushkin correctly?

Asya looked down and laughed a quiet and light laugh; I never knew her to laugh like that. “Well, tell me,” she continued, smoothing the hem of her dress and laying them on her feet... “tell me or read something, as, remember, you read to us from Onegin...” She suddenly began to think... “Where is the cross today?” and the shadow of the branches over my poor mother!” – she said in a low voice. “It’s not like that with Pushkin,” I noted.

10. Explain the meaning of the expression fashionable wives.

The muses are already tired of thundering;
The crowd is busy with the mazurka;
There is noise and crowding all around;
The cavalry guard's spurs are jingling;
The legs of lovely ladies are flying;
In their captivating footsteps
Fiery eyes fly
And drowned out by the roar of violins
Jealous whispers of fashionable wives.

11. What London trades scrupulous?

Everything for a plentiful whim
London trades scrupulously
And on the Baltic waves
He brings us lard and timber...

12. Explain the meaning of the highlighted word.

Villages flashed by; here and there
The herds roamed the meadows,
And the canopy expanded thick
Huge, neglected garden,
Shelter of the Thoughtful dryads

13. Where does the Lethe River flow?

And he will touch someone's heart;
And, preserved by fate,
Perhaps it won't drown in Lethe
The stanza composed by me...

14. What does this cry mean? Who's screaming?

It’s already dark: he gets into the sled.
“Drop?, drop?!” - there was a cry;
Silvery with frosty dust
His beaver collar.

15. What was the meaning of the word rake during the time of Pushkin?

That's what the young man thought rake,
Flying in the dust on postage,
By the Almighty will of Zeus
Heir to all his relatives.

16. Read an excerpt from V. Dahl’s article “The Death of A.S. Pushkin." From which chapter of the novel “Eugene Onegin” are the highlighted words taken?

In the morning the pulse was extremely small, weak, frequent, but from midday it began to rise, and by the 6th hour it beat 120 per minute and became fuller and harder; but at the same time a slight general heat began to appear... Throughout the long, tedious night I looked with spiritual contrition at this mysterious struggle of life and death - and could not fight off three words from Onegin, three terrible words that were persistently heard in the ears, in my head, - words: well? killed! ABOUT! how much power and eloquence are in these three words!

17. What item of clothing is being discussed in the next stanza?

While in morning dress,
Putting on wide bolivar,
Onegin goes to the boulevard
And there he walks in the open space,
While the watchful Breget
Dinner won't ring his bell.

18. anecdotes from Romulus to the present day?

He had no desire to rummage
In chronological dust
History of the earth;
But days gone by jokes
From Romulus to the present day
He kept it in his memory.

19. Explain how you understand the expression with a soul straight from Göttingen?

To my village at the same time
The new landowner galloped up
And equally strict analysis
In the neighborhood the occasion was given by:
Named Vladimir Lensky,
With a soul straight from Göttingen,
Handsome man, in full bloom,
Kant's admirer and poet.

20. How do you understand the meaning of the word alien? What part of speech is this?

Evgeniy was more tolerable than many;
Although he knew people, of course
And in general he despised them, -
But (there are no rules without exceptions)
He distinguished others very much
AND alien respected feeling.

21. Do you know what is yoke of corvée And quitrent? How does Onegin characterize his decision to replace corvee with quitrent?

In his wilderness the desert sage,
He is the yoke of the ancient corvée
I replaced it with easy quitrent;
And the slave blessed fate.

22. What did the expression mean in Pushkin’s time Shave foreheads?

She went to work
Salted mushrooms for the winter,
Managed expenses shaved foreheads
I went to the bathhouse on Saturdays,
She beat the maids, getting angry -
All this without asking my husband.

23. Why in the novel ice characterized as excised?

On the blue ones, excised ice
The sun is playing; dirty melts
The streets are covered in snow.

24. How was it possible to travel during the time of Pushkin?

So thought the young rake,
Flying in the dust on postal...
Unfortunately, Larina was dragging herself,
Afraid of expensive runs,
Not on postal ones, on our own,
And our maiden enjoyed
Full of road boredom:
They traveled for seven days.

25. What did it mean to be noble during the time of Pushkin?

Is it not because in high society
Now I must appear;
that I'm rich and noble,
That the husband was maimed in battle,
Why is the court caressing us?

26. How to understand the exclamation of a spectator who has dozed off in the theater?

And her husband is dozing in the corner behind her,
Woke up fo"ra will scream
He will yawn and snore again.

27. When “Eugene Onegin” was published in full, contemporaries suddenly discovered that Eugene received his name contrary to literary tradition. Which?

ANSWERS

1. Two popular expressions: and happiness was so possible; Love for all ages.

2. Pedant, according to the definition of the “Pushkin Dictionary of the Language”, “a person who flaunts his knowledge, his scholarship, judging everything with aplomb.”

3. In the preface to the “Dictionary of the Russian Academy” it was reported that “all foreign words introduced unnecessarily.”

4. Fast, e"yu, e"eat, nesov. Fast in preparation for confession and communion at the times established by the church (church). || trans. Eating sparingly, fasting, abstaining from food (colloquial). My stomach hurts, and I’ve been fasting for two days now. Dictionary Russian language Ushakov.

According to church rules, Orthodox Christians fast four times a year. The Larinas most likely fasted during Lent and the Nativity Fast. This means that they did not adhere to strict church rules.

5. Christmastide- two weeks after the feast of the Nativity of Christ. On Christmastide, girls wonder about their betrothed.

6. This expression is Gallicism, i.e. borrowed from French, and means “twilight”.

7. First meaning: “an institution for concluding large trade and financial transactions.” In its second meaning the word stock exchange in the time described by Pushkin it meant street parking for cab drivers.

9. Now I'm glad to give it away
All this rags of a masquerade,
All this shine, and noise, and fumes
For a shelf of books, for a wild garden,
For our poor home.
For those places where for the first time,
Onegin, I saw you,
Yes for the humble cemetery,
Where is the cross and the shadow of the branches today?
Over my poor nanny...

10. Fashionable wife- dandy. An expression taken from satirical literature of the 18th century. See the work I.I. Dmitrieva“The Fashionable Wife” (1791).

11. In the language of the XVIII and early XIX V. it corresponded to the current word haberdashery.. Seller of sensitive goods- a seller of small haberdashery items.

12. Dryad- in ancient Greek mythology, a forest nymph.

13. Summer- river of oblivion in the kingdom of the dead (Greek myth.).

14. “Fall, fall!”- a scream, shout, exclamation from the coachman, warning pedestrians about a fast-moving carriage.

15. Rake- naughty, naughty, naughty. This is what they said about young people, whose behavior combined reckless gaiety and contempt for secular decency. In the dictionary, ed. S. Ozhegova: rake (decomposition disapproved.) - a young man who spends his time in frivolous undertakings, in pranks, a slacker.

16. Chapter VI, stanza XXXV;
In the anguish of heart remorse,
Hand clutching the pistol,
Evgeniy looks at Lensky.
"Well? killed,” the neighbor decided.
Killed!.. With this terrible exclamation
Smitten, Onegin with a shudder
He leaves and calls people.

17. Wide bolivar– headdress – a hat in the form of a cylinder with a wide brim, named after Bolivar Simon (1783–1830), the leader of the national liberation movement in Latin America.

18. During the time of Pushkin anecdote called “a small entertaining story.” Onegin remembered a lot jokes, which is confirmed by the expression from Romulus(legendary founder of Rome) to the present day.

19. Vladimir Lensky studied in Germany at the University of Göttingen, one of the most liberal universities in Europe. Its graduates, friends and acquaintances of Pushkin, were among the liberals and freedom lovers: one of the leaders of the Decembrist movement N.I. Turgenev and his brother A.I. Turgenev studied in Gottingen, where Pushkin’s favorite lyceum teacher A.P. received his education. Kunitsyn and member of the Welfare Union hussar Kaverin.

20. Adverb alien means: “from the outside,” “remaining uninvolved.”

21. Corvee- free forced labor of serfs on landowners' land. quitrent– cash or paid in products Agriculture collection. Having become a landowner, Onegin made the work of serfs easier.

22. Shave foreheads- hand over peasants as recruits. This is what they called recruits in old Russia. During recruitment, the front hair of a recruit was shaved off.

23. Dissected ice on the Neva is an interesting sign of life in St. Petersburg in the century before last. In winter, ice was “cut” on the Neva, preparing large cubes of ice for glaciers. With the onset of the March thaw, they were transported on sleighs to customers.

24. Riding for travelers using government horses (riding on postal or relays), was carried out as follows: the traveler stocked up on a travel document - a document in which his route, rank, rank were entered (the number of horses depended on this). Podorozhnaya was registered at the outposts; data on those leaving or entering the capitals were published in newspapers. The Larins were traveling to Moscow on their own(or long). In these cases, the horses were not changed at the stations, but were allowed to rest; at night, of course, they also did not move, which caused the speed of travel to sharply decrease.

25. To be noble meant to belong to the titled nobility. Having married Prince N, Tatiana became a princess and became noble. The princely title, unlike the count's, was ancient: among the princes there could be descendants of ancient families.

26. Handicap(or foro) – from Italian fuora!- “outside!” - a cry of approval, calling the artist onto the stage to repeat the number.

27. Name Eugene according to the tradition of literature of the 18th century, they always gave a negative character. Pushkin novel returned the name to its literal value: Eugene translated from Greek - noble.

Dictionaries used

1. Dictionary of Pushkin’s language. M.: Azbukovnitsa, 2000.

2. Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, ed. S.I. Ozhegova. M.: Publishing house “Russian language”, 1977.

E.Yu. KULAKOVA,
Surgut

Illustrations by P. Sokolov from the album
to “Eugene Onegin” (1855–1860)