The bulk of the population of Canada are. Farming Canada. Employment

The population in Canada is more than 32 million people.
  National composition:

• canadians (40%);
• english (20%);
• french (16%)
• scots (14%);
• other nations (10%).

Canada is a sparsely populated country - an average of 2.5 people live per km2.
  The main population of Canada, despite the fact that the country has a huge territory and large area, lives in cities such as Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal (160 km from the US borders).
  English for more than half of Canadians (English is spoken in Toronto, in the western and central parts of the country) is native, part of the population speaks French (fully French-speaking people live in Montreal and Quebec).
  Among Canadians there are Catholics, Protestants, Hindus, Jews, Buddhists.
  Canada is a country of immigrants who come here from all over the world throughout the history of the country and bring their culture, traditions and customs with them. The state, in turn, supports multiculturalism, therefore, holding various festivals of Scots, French, Chinese and Portuguese on the streets and in city parks is not uncommon.

Life span

Men live on average up to 75, and women live up to 82 years.
  Canada is a healthy country in the world: this is due to low mortality among infants, low air pollution, low prevalence of diseases, high density of doctors per 1000 people.
  In addition, Canadians smoke 3 times less than Greeks and Russians and 2 times less drink alcohol than, for example, Czechs.

Traditions and customs of the inhabitants of Canada

In Canada, they love holidays, which are divided into religious and political. As a rule, all holidays are working days, except for Christmas and Easter. Canadians' favorite holidays are Canada Day (July 1), Labor Day (September), and Thanksgiving (October).
  Gifts in Canada are usually given only on special occasions (anniversary, wedding, Christmas). And it is customary to give newlyweds the most expensive gifts. As for the remaining cases, it is customary to give gifts that would not oblige the person to be gifted. Who categorically does not make gifts, so this is to the authorities - it will be perceived as a bribe.
Canadians are law-abiding citizens, so it’s common practice to report to the authorities about offenses or to a neighbor living beyond our means.
  Residents of Canada are very careful about nature (they expect the same from visitors to the country) and their health (many do not smoke, and besides smoking in public places is not allowed).
  Canadians are very punctual people, so if you make an appointment and be late, be prepared for the fact that in 10-15 minutes their patience will burst (no one will wait for you) - you will not have the most gracious impression and you will earn a reputation not serious person.

In 1867, it received the status of the first British dominion, i.e., a completely self-governing overseas possession of the British crown. The head of state is considered the Queen of England, represented by the Governor General. But the real legislative power belongs to the parliament, and the executive to the government.

While Canadians fought for their independence, their country's economy was gradually subordinated to its rich southern neighbor. Americans invested in the development of resources. Canadians received jobs and salaries, Americans - their profits.

Canada is a multinational country. The basis of the population is made up of two peoples - the French Canadians and the Anglo-Canadians. Seven million people French Canadians come from ten thousand immigrants from France XVII - XVIII centuries., This is 31% of the total population of Canada. 11% are indigenous people and immigrants from other countries.

The majority of the country's population are Anglo-Canadians (about 58% of the inhabitants of Canada); their ancestors moved from the UK. The official languages \u200b\u200bare English and French. Anglo-Canadians occupy major posts in the economy and this leads to an exacerbation of ethnic conflicts. The French Canadians populate the province of Quebec and put forward demands for the creation of an independent Franco-Canadian state.

Indigenous people are Indians (1 million people) and (50 thousand people). The first of them came to this land more than 25 thousand years ago from Asia. 1/3 of the population of Canada are several dozen other ethnic minorities. These are Germans (1 million people), Dutch (500 thousand), Chinese, Greeks, Portuguese, Arabs, Russians, Ukrainians.

In the northern regions, which occupy 70% of the country's territory, 1.5% of its inhabitants live. These are mainly indigenous peoples - Indians and Eskimos, and the islands of the Canadian archipelago are uninhabited. The average population density in the country is 2.8 people / km2. The urban population is 80%. The cities of Canada have the same appearance as the cities of the United States. The major financial and commercial, administrative, transport, scientific and cultural centers of the country are Toronto,. The “capital of the Far West” Vancouver, the “capital of oil and gas” Edmonton and Calgary are developing rapidly. A large number of geographically dispersed small settlements are associated with the development of the northern regions.

14% of the country's population is employed in the sectors of material production, and 75% in the non-productive sphere.

Number canadian population   makes up more than 33 million people, and Canada can be compared with the state of California in the United States by this indicator.

Due to the vast territory, the average population density is only 3 people per 1 km 2, which is almost three times less than in Russia. Canada is characterized by extreme uneven distribution of population: 90% of the country's population lives on 10% of its territory, not further than 150 km from the southern border with the United States.

Canada belongs to the countries of the first type of population reproduction. The birth rate is 12 ‰, mortality - 7 ‰, natural growth - 5 при.

Over the past decades in sexual composition   The Canadian population has undergone significant changes, and women are now dominated by Canada.

Age Composition   The Canadian population is distinguished by the highest among the countries of the West with a share of the working-age population - 68%. Children make up only 20% of the country's population, and pensioners - only 12%.

As with most economically developed countries, Canada has a longer life expectancy: the average life expectancy in Canada is 78 years.

Canada was recently called a bi-national country, since the overwhelming majority of the population were Anglo-Canadians and Franco-Canadians. However, it has now become a multinational country, and national composition of Canada   continues to get complicated. About a third of the country's population today are various ethnic groups, the most numerous of which are Germans, British, Italians and Ukrainians (each with more than 1 million people). The indigenous population of Canada (Native American and Eskimo peoples) is less than 2% of the total population.

The overwhelming majority of the Canadian faithful are Christians, almost equally represented by Catholics and Protestants.

Canada is a highly urbanized country: 80% of its population lives in cities. There are three millionaire cities in Canada: Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. For Canada, as well as for the USA, the process of su-turbanization is typical, covering mainly the southeastern regions, where a new megalopolis is being formed.

The main form of rural settlement throughout Canada is a farm.

Canada is characterized by active internal and external population migration. In internal migrations, two types of migrations should be especially noted: pendulum migrations and to new development areas (north). Canada is a typical country of labor immigration. The main areas of immigration of immigrants are Europe - Canada and the USA - Canada.   Material from the site

Canada workforce   characterized by a high level of qualification. Canada's literacy rate is one of the highest in the world - 99%. However, Canada is experiencing some labor shortages, especially in areas of new development.

The employment structure of the economically active population of Canada is typical for countries with a post-industrial structure of the economy: over 60% of the economically active population are employed in the non-productive sphere, a quarter in industry and only 4% in agriculture.

Canada is one of the world leaders in terms of the quality and standard of living of the population, and according to the so-called human development index (longevity, level of education and standard of living), it occupies one of the first places in the world.

The national composition of the population of Canada can be described as very complex and at the same time quite simple. It is composed because this country is inhabited by more than 100 distinct ethnic groups speaking dozens of different languages. Among them (in descending order) are English, French, Chinese, Italian, German, Lunjabi, Polish, Ukrainian, Spanish, Dutch, Greek. And simple because not one of them, except the first two, speaks more than 3 °% of the country's inhabitants. So all the numerous languages, with the exception of English and French, can be called the languages \u200b\u200bof national minorities. In fact, Canada is actually a bi-ethnic country, the national composition of the population of which is determined by two large nations - Anglo-Canadians and Franco-Canadians. Moreover, neither one nor the other makes up the majority in it.
This feature of the national composition of the population of Canada is associated with the uniqueness of its historical development. After all, Canada, like the United States, is a country of mass European colonization. It is estimated that at least 13 million people have arrived here from Europe over the past 400 years.
The formation of the Anglo-Canadian nation began in the XVII century. along with the first migration flows from the British Isles, in which the British, Scots, and Irish participated. After 1763, when Canada came into British possession, they increased markedly. After the War of Independence and the formation of the United States, a flood of "loyalists" poured here - those English immigrants to the United States who did not want to stay in this country and supported the British army during the war, and after its defeat they preferred to relocate to the remaining English Canada. At the same time, the assimilation of various non-British ethnic groups by Anglo-Canadians began, primarily through mixed marriages of immigrants from the British Isles with persons of German, Dutch and Scandinavian descent.
Today, the number of Anglo-Canadians in Canada is 18 million people, or 58% of the total population. This proportion is less than at the end of the 19th century, when the Anglo-Canadians made up 2/3 of the total population of the country. Nevertheless, it is the largest nation of modern Canada. Anglo-Canadians form the main population in nine out of ten provinces (except Quebec). In each of them, communication in English prevails, and in many provinces it is spoken by more than 9/10 residents.
The second largest Canadian nation is the French Canadians. It was based on the few first French immigrants (mainly from northern France) who settled here back in the 17th century. After the already mentioned transition of French Canada to Great Britain in 1763, the French Canadians were completely isolated from their homeland, France. This contributed to their especially close internal cohesion, intertwining of family ties and, ultimately, the formation of a special nation that preserved the ancient dialect of the French language, national customs and folklore. Mixed marriages are not typical for Franco-Canadians, which increases their isolation.
Today, the number of French Canadians in Canada is more than 7 million people, or 22% of its total population. This share is also less than at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, when the French Canadians made up 1/3 of the total population of the country. To some extent this is explained by the fact that recently the birth rate among the French Canadians has sharply decreased, although before that for more than two centuries it had the highest rates. About 4/5 of all Franco-Canadians are concentrated in the former French Canada - in the province of Quebec, where they make up about the same share in the total population.
Separate compact groups of French Canadians also live in the provinces of Ontario and New Brunswick (the former French colony of Acadia).
In addition to the two large "founding nations", a significant portion of the population of Canada is formed by quite numerous transitional ethnic groups, or national minorities. The assimilation of part of the population of these groups with the Anglo-Canadians is offset by the influx of new migrants. Typically, such transitional groups do not have their distinct ethnic territories, forming only separate intersperses in the general Anglo-Canadian background of settlement, and in large cities grouping in separate quarters.
The three largest transitional groups in Canada are German, Italian, and Ukrainian. Canadian Germans are settled everywhere, but their stratum in the steppe provinces is especially great. Unlike Germans, long-time settlers, Italians are among the relatively recent migrants. They live mainly in cities, especially in Montreal and Toronto. Ukrainians began to emigrate to Canada at the end of the 19th century, and the peak of this emigration was in the period before the First World War. They settled mainly in the steppe provinces, forming rather compact national ranges. Like the French Canadians, Canadian Ukrainians retain their native language and have little involvement in mixed marriages. The remaining transitional groups include immigrants from Europe (Scandinavians, Dutch, Hungarians, Poles, Lithuanians, Latvians, Jews, Greeks), and from non-European countries (Chinese, Japanese, Filipinos, Indians, Arabs).


Finally, indigenous peoples deserve a separate highlight in the Canadian population. The 1982 Constitution of the country includes three groups. Firstly, they are representatives of numerous Indian-speaking tribes speaking 58 languages, of which 800 thousand are people. Including 600 thousand people are referred to status Indians who have the corresponding "Indian status" and enjoy certain privileges. About half of them live in 2000 reservations, which together occupy 30 thousand km2. Secondly, these are Native American-European mestizos (there are approximately 200 thousand of them), the descendants of the English and French marriages with Native American women, concluded during the initial development of the Canadian West and North. Thirdly, these are the Canadian Eskimos (the Inuit self-name, which means "man", "people"). There are about 50 thousand of them, and it is they who make up the bulk of the inhabitants of the coast of the Arctic Ocean and the islands of the Canadian Arctic archipelago.
National relations in Canada have sometimes become acute. But this especially applies to the last decades, when they began to literally shake the entire federation building. There are three main problems of this kind.
The first of these is the problem of French-Canadian nationalism. There is perhaps no more acute problem in the recent history of Canada.
At first glance, this may seem strange. In fact, French-Canadian Quebec is the largest in area (three France could be located on its territory) and the second most populous province in Canada, giving more than 1/5 of the country's GNP. Through the territory of Quebec passes a deepwater waterway along the river. St. Lawrence. On this river, there are cities such as Montreal, in which almost half of the provincial population lives and which is often called Canadian Paris, and Quebec, almost all of whose population is Franco-Canadians. But it is especially important that French, along with English, serves as the official language of Canada. The equality of these two languages \u200b\u200bis strictly observed. Not only official documents, but even labels of goods sold, announcements and inscriptions throughout the country are made in two languages.
Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that the French Canadians in Canada experience national discrimination. It began when the dominion of Canada was formed in 1867, when the bi-ethnic nature of the state was not adequately reflected in the country's constitution. The orders that prevailed in Canada assigned the French Canadians the role of "secondary" citizens, and the province of Quebec itself - the role of a kind of economic appendage of the English-speaking provinces.
The national and especially economic inequality of the two "founding nations" began to manifest itself especially in the middle of the 20th century. It turned out that the Anglo-Canadians occupy key positions in the economy of the country and in its social hierarchy, that the living standards of the French Canadians are significantly lower than the national average, that their earnings are incommensurable with the earnings of the Anglo-Canadians living in Quebec, that unemployment in this province is much higher, and the level of education and health care is lower than in English-speaking provinces. We can also mention that, unlike the neighboring province of Ontario, the basis of the economy of Quebec was and is constituted by industries belonging to the "lower floors".
All this in the 60-70s. XX century caused a boom in French-Canadian nationalism. Requirements not only for expanding the rights of the French language in the English-speaking provinces, but also for the creation of a two-member Canadian federation, became widespread. Moreover, organizations, movements and groups began to emerge in Quebec that called for the complete self-determination of this province - right up to its separation from Canada and the creation of a “sovereign Quebec”. Such extreme separatist tendencies created the ground for the emergence of terrorist organizations and even led to the introduction of temporary martial law in 1970. Then the negotiation process was continued. Nevertheless, Quebec was the only province in Canada that did not sign the new constitution in 1982. This was a response to the refusal of the Anglo-Canadians to accept the recognition of the status of "special society" for Quebec.
Subsequently, conciliation negotiations continued in 1987, and all ten provinces adopted a new document identifying Quebec as a “unique society” within Canada. However, by the appointed date (June 1990), it had not been approved, mainly because of the opposition of some Anglo-Canadian provinces. In 1992, a new draft constitutional reform was agreed, but it also did not gather a majority of the vote in a Canadian referendum, which stimulated a new wave of Franco-Canadian separatism. And in 1994, the Quebec Party, which stood for its full sovereignty, won the elections to the National Assembly of Quebec. A direct consequence of this was the referendum held in October 1995 on the complete independence of the province. If it were successful, Canada would break up into two geopolitically and economically independent parts, which could cast doubt on its further existence. But the francophone separatists did not win this referendum.
Nevertheless, one cannot ignore the fact that 2361 thousand people voted against the separation of Quebec from Canada, and 2308 thousand people voted for the separation: therefore, only 53 thousand votes, or a little more than 1, were not enough for the supporters of the separation to win the referendum % Immediately after the referendum, the Canadian federal authorities stepped up their policies in two directions. On the one hand, they offered Quebec the most favorable conditions for him, proclaiming the province as a “special community” and endowing it with additional constitutional rights. On the other hand, they appealed to the Supreme Court of the country with a request on whether Quebec has the right to unilaterally secede from the federation. It can be added to the above that in Québec itself, far from all Franco-Canadians are in favor of secession from Canada. At the beginning of 2003, the Quebec party lost the election of a liberal party in favor of preserving the federation. In 2006, the Prime Minister proposed to proclaim Quebec "a nation (country) within a united Canada." But the debate around this issue continues.
As the second acute national problem, we can single out the problem of the indigenous peoples of Canada. The indigenous population has also recently intensified the struggle for their rights. To a certain extent this is due to the reorientation of part of it from hunting to employment and, accordingly, relocation to the cities of the Canadian North. Aboriginal peoples have long been demanding a special amendment to the country's constitution providing for their right to self-determination. As a result, in 1993, a provision was introduced into the Constitutional Act that indigenous peoples of the country have an inalienable right to self-government within Canada. And this right was realized in 1999. Another thirteenth constituent entity of the federation called Nunavut arose (translated from Eskimo - “our land”). The territory of Nunavut was separated from the North-Western territories, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich as a result was reduced by 2/3. Nunavut occupies 2 million km2, or 1/5 of the total area of \u200b\u200bCanada (Fig. 212), although it is inhabited only by 21 thousand people, mostly Inuit, with an average population density of 1 person per 100 km2. The rights of the territory of Nunavut are similar to the rights of the Yukon and the Northwest Territories: a legislative assembly, an executive cabinet, and a court were created here. Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien called the formation of Nunavut a great day, not only for this territory, but for the whole of Canada.
Here is how D.V. Zayats describes this day in an article on the formation of Nunavut. “On the night of March 31 to April 1, 1999, the starry sky above Iqualuit, a small northern Canadian town, blossomed with amazingly beautiful fireworks. Solemnly sounded the Canadian anthem. To the applause of many spectators, including Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien, Governor-General Romeo Le Blanc, representing the Queen of England in Canada, and Jane Stewart, Minister of Indigenous Affairs and Development of the North, yellow-red-white slowly began to rise along the flagpole flag. The evening of the next day was decorated with a gala concert never before seen in this cold circumpolar region, in which popular artists participated. Canadian national television broadcast live festivals throughout the country. The National Bank issued a special commemorative coin on the same day. ”
The third problem is the problem of foreign immigration. Immigration has always been characteristic of Canada. But recently, its composition has noticeably changed. In contrast to the past, immigrants (about 200 thousand people annually) now account for only 19% of immigrants from Europe, while immigrants from Asia - 57%, Latin America - 13, Africa - 7% (the rest are from the USA). From the above figures it follows that today, "color" immigration to Canada, which has acquired the most massive character, is sharply predominant.

At the beginning of the XX century. Canada has been described as a country of grain growers. Indeed, before the outbreak of World War I, agriculture was the basis of its economy, on which its manufacturing industry mainly developed. The vast majority of the country's population was employed in agriculture and related industries. In the global market, Canada has acted as the largest producer and supplier of wheat and other agricultural products.

Due to the economic crisis that has erupted since 1929, the situation of Canadian farmers has deteriorated sharply. The fall in wheat prices ruined thousands of small farmers, they were not able to pay either debts to banks and loan agencies, or taxes to the state. Not only grain harvested, but also many hectares of land were seized from farmers in payment of debts and interest on loans. The situation worsened by the fact that in the 1930s, drought continued in the Canadian steppes for 8 years. The earth dried up, turned into dry powder, and the wind blew away the top layer of the soil, raising clouds of dust. Since the mid-30s, abandoned farms have become a characteristic feature of the Canadian landscape. Broken farmers went to the cities in search of work. The situation improved significantly during the Second World War, when Canadian agricultural products were widely marketed. But after the war, Canadian agriculture began to decline. U.S. competition and declining imports of Canadian agricultural products to England have drastically worsened the situation of Canadian farmers. There is an active process of consolidation of capitalist farms and the ruin of small-scale farming, replenishing the ranks of the Canadian proletariat. The number of farms decreased from 623 thousand in 1941 to 575 thousand in 1956. From year to year the number of people employed in agriculture is reduced, if in 1941 another third of the amateur population was employed in it, then in 1951 g. - only one sixth.

By the nature of agricultural production, Canada is divided into four areas:

1) the agricultural population of British Columbia, concentrated in mountain valleys and along the coast, is engaged in dairy farming, poultry farming, gardening (growing apples and berries), seed growing, vegetable growing and flower growing. Products are sold primarily to nearby markets in Vancouver and Seattle (USA);

2) the steppe provinces - Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan, in which about 71% of the cultivated area of \u200b\u200bthe country is concentrated, these are areas of large monocultural wheat farming;

3) the provinces of Ontario and Quebec are the oldest agricultural regions of the country; here dairy cattle breeding, vegetable growing, horticulture and poultry farming have developed, which satisfy the demand of the country's major industrial centers located here;

4) dairy farming and horticulture are developed in the coastal provinces, the latter being almost exclusively exported (to England).

Machines are widely used in agriculture in Canada, especially on the farms of the steppe provinces and in Ontario, but in some parts of the country horse-seeders, simple harvesters, mowers are also of great importance, and in the coastal provinces you can still see a harness of oxen.

A characteristic feature of agriculture in Canada is its high productivity and the insignificant use of wage labor in it. Canada is a country of family farms. On average, 77% of farms in the country are owned by farmers 1. Most of the land occupied by farms is cultivated by the farmers themselves and their family members (only 21.5% are cultivated by tenants and 1.2% by “wage labor). This is possible due to the presence of large families and extensive mechanization of agricultural labor. It is used mainly during harvesting, at which time special trains “harvest excursions” run along the country's railways, transporting seasonal workers to various agricultural areas, and a large percentage of seasonal workers are students.

As a reaction to the dominance of monopolies in agriculture in Canada, a cooperative movement developed. It began in 1915, and in 1942 there were already 418 local societies with 36,761 members, united by the central federation.

Employmentof the population

In 1951, the amateur population of Canada amounted to 53.1% (5286 thousand people) of the total population over 14 years old.

The country's industrial development is causing a fundamental change in Canadians' occupations. If before the First World War, the farmer and lumberjack were the central figures in the country's economy, now most Canadians are employed in industry, especially in manufacturing.

As a result of the country's industrial development and the ruin of farming in recent years, a rapid increase in the urban population and a relative decrease in the number of people living in rural areas have been observed in all provinces of the country. In 1951, 62% of the Canadian population lived in cities and urban settlements, while in 1941 this percentage was 57. Over 10 years, from 1941 to 1951, the country's rural population in absolute terms increased by 3%, urban - by 30%. Particularly striking is the growth of the suburban areas of Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver, Winnipeg, Quebec and other cities, whose population over the decade (1941-1951) increased by 68%, while the population of the cities themselves grew by an average of 15%. The highest percentage of urban population in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, in which two-thirds of the country's industrial proletariat is concentrated.

Along with the growth of the industrial proletariat, there is a tendency towards an increase in the proportion of people engaged in unproductive labor, which is associated with an increase in the armed forces and an increase in the banking, commercial, and administrative staff. In 1953, for example, out of 5314 thousand people of the amateur population, 2316 thousand were engaged in unproductive labor. A large percentage are ministers of worship, of whom in 1951 there were more than 566 thousand people. 2

About 3 million Canadians were engaged in productive labor, of which about 1 million were in manufacturing, the rest in agriculture, transport, construction and mining.

Most Canadian women are housewives. In 1951, about 24% (1164 thousand people) of all women in Canada over 14 years of age were employed. (In 1901, this percentage was 13.5.) It is characteristic that the number of working married women is growing from year to year (in 1941, 1 out of 21 married women worked, and in 1951 1 out of 9). The main part (754 thousand) of employed women work in service enterprises or are persons of free professions. In Canada, there are many women ministers of worship and nuns (322 thousand people; 244 thousand men) 1. Productive labor was occupied by 257 thousand Canadians.

The most widely used female labor is in the food, textile and clothing industries (174 thousand people), fewer women are employed in transport (5 thousand people) and in the construction industry (3 thousand people), and there is almost no female labor in mining and forestry industry.

Nationalcompositionof the populationOf Canada

Canada is a country of two nations: Anglo-Canadian and Franco-Canadian. Although the Anglo-Canadian nation is dominant, it is possible to call Canada the Anglo-Saxon country only with reservations. Anglo-Canadians (British, Scots, Irish and their descendants) in 1951 made up only 47.9% of the total population of the country (6709 thousand people). The proportion of Anglo-Saxons in the population of Canada tends to decrease: in 1901, the national average was 57%, in 1941. - 49.68%, in 1951 - 47.9%.

The second place is occupied by the Franco-Canadian nation, accounting for 30.8% of the total population and 80% of the population of the province of Quebec (4319 thousand people). The rest of Canada’s population is made up of various national groups — immigrants from Europe and Asia and their descendants. One of the most numerous groups are Canadian Slavs, the number of which reaches 1 million people. According to the underestimated 2 data of Canadian statistics in 1951 in Canada, there were:

Slavs - only about 800 thousand people, including:

Then follow:

Most national groups are the second and third generation of immigrants from Europe and Asia. However, they retained their language, their cultural characteristics and religious organizations. As a rule, they are bilingual, although among the youth of the third generation there are many who do not know the language of their fathers and grandfathers and speak only English.

The bulk of emigrants from Eastern Europe began to arrive in Canada from the end of the 19th century. The migratory flow continued until the 30s of the XX century, when immigration was sharply limited due to the economic crisis. Immigration was especially great in 1901-1915. During this period, more than 3 million immigrants arrived in Canada. For the decade 1921-1931. 1262 thousand people immigrated. After the Second World War (until the end of 1953), 958 thousand immigrants arrived in Canada. Of these, 30% were immigrants from the British Isles, the rest from Central and Eastern Europe (including the so-called displaced persons). After 1952, immigration to Canada is gradually declining.

According to the 1951 census, 85% of the population of Canada were its natives, 6% were natives of England and its dominions, 2% of the United States and 6% of other countries in Europe and Asia. Migrants from Eastern Europe were mostly peasants; they rushed to the steppe provinces: Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. By 1951, the descendants of these immigrants made up a significant part of the population of the steppe provinces: 58% of the population of Saskatchewan, 50% of the population of Manitoba, 52% of the population of Alberta.

Due to these conditions in Canada, along with general trends in the country's development, each province has its own characteristics in both the economic and public life of the population. Canada France and Canada English are still different, in the territory of which various national groups are interspersed with islets.