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Year of issue: 2005
Genre: Nursing
Format: DjVu
Quality: Scanned pages
Description:There have been great changes in nursing in recent years. The attitude of society towards nursing practice, the system of professional nursing education is changing, modern nursing technologies are being created, scientific methods of organizing nursing practice are being introduced. The conditions for the provision of effective and high-quality nursing care are changing. The Russian model of nursing is substantiated, the core of which is the nursing process. Work has been launched to ensure high quality nursing care. By 1994, a three-level system of nursing education was formed: 1st level (medical school), 2nd level (medical college), 3rd level (higher professional education). A new State educational standard of 2002 was adopted for the specialties "Nursing", "General Medicine", "Obstetrics".
Today, nurses, paramedics, midwives, regardless of the level of education, need modern knowledge in the field of philosophy and theory of nursing, communication in nursing, knowledge of nursing pedagogy, psychology, modern requirements of the sanitary and anti-epidemic regime of medical and preventive institutions, the ability to perform nursing manipulations in strict compliance with the requirements for standardization of nursing procedures. By order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated December 31, 97 No. 390 "On measures to improve nursing in the Russian Federation", it was decided to develop and introduce, in the prescribed manner, medical and technological protocols for nursing manipulations.
Today there is an excellent textbook, teaching aids on "Fundamentals of Nursing" by famous authors S.А. Mukhina and I.I. Tyarnovskaya, various teaching materials on nursing are published. But a college student, faculty of higher nursing education, a student of a medical school needs compact textbooks that meet the requirements of the educational standard for the discipline "Fundamentals of Nursing".
This manual does not claim to be an exhaustive presentation of the issues of nursing practice, but it sufficiently covers all topics of the discipline of the new State Educational Standard of 2002 and can provide significant methodological and practical assistance to students and teachers in the preparation and conduct of classes. It can help improve the quality of nursing care, the prestige of the profession of a nurse, paramedic, and midwife.
In the book "Fundamentals of Nursing", new topics are presented, such as "Bioethics", "History of Nursing", "Human needs for health and disease." "Models of nursing", "Safe hospital environment", "Correct biomechanics of the patient and sister's body" are given modern medical-demographic and other indicators characterizing the state of public health and the human environment, which were not previously studied within the discipline "Fundamentals of Nursing" , some topics and sections of the program, such as "Subject, place and role of public health and health", "History of nursing", "Human needs for health and disease", "Models of nursing", "Education in nursing", " Safe Hospital Environment "," Loss, Death and Grief "revised and expanded. This makes it possible for students and teachers to fill the gap that exists today in the provision of the educational process with special literature, reduces the search for the necessary information.
The authors are grateful to everyone who contributed to the release of the new edition of the tutorial.
The training manual "Fundamentals of Nursing" is intended for students of medical colleges, schools, as well as practicing nurses.
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The practice was written in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for the specialty "Nursing" for secondary specialized educational institutions.
The features of nursing care for specific diseases of internal organs are highlighted, starting from the outpatient level. The emphasis is on a nurse's skills in nursing and nursing models.
The medical-technological protocols (algorithms) of nursing manipulations and procedures with justifications are presented, which help to comprehend the actions outlined in the protocol, to understand the need to perform each of them. Standardized primary care nursing intervention plans are proposed for a variety of therapeutic conditions.
Recommended as a teaching aid for students of the "advanced basic level" of medical colleges, schools, as well as practicing nurses.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
CHAPTER 1. Fundamentals of Nursing Models
Similarities and differences in the interpretation of the concepts of models V. Henderson, D. Orem, M. Allen
CHAPTER 2. Population health, basic concepts
CHAPTER 3. Nursing process, its content in the conditions of modern practical healthcare in Russia
Organization of the nursing process for therapeutic patients
The Importance of Research in Nursing
An example of solving a patient's problem associated with impaired satisfaction of the need to sleep (according to the model of V. Henderson)
Scheme for solving the patient's problem associated with impaired satisfaction of needs according to D. Orem's model
Scheme for solving a patient's problem associated with impaired satisfaction of needs (according to M. Allen's model)
CHAPTER 4. Preparation of patients and technique for performing clinical, laboratory and instrumental studies
Blood sampling for general analysis
Taking blood from a vein for biochemical examination
Taking blood from a vein for blood culture (sterility) and sensitivity to antibiotics
Sampling of material from the pharynx and nose for bacteriological examination
Sampling of material for meningococcus from the nasopharynx
Sputum examination
Sputum bacteriological examination
Collection of urine for general clinical analysis
Collection of urine for sugar from the daily amount
Collection of urine for research according to the Nechiporenko method
Collection of urine for research according to the Zimnitsky method
Teaching the patient (patient) to collect urine for bacteriological examination
Stool study for coprogram
Study of feces for protozoa and worm eggs
Fecal occult blood test
Feces collection for bacteriological examination
Scraping for enterobiasis
X-ray examination of the stomach and duodenum
Oral cholecystography (x-ray of the gallbladder and biliary tract)
Cholegraphy (X-ray examination of the gallbladder and biliary tract)
Irrigoscopy (X-ray examination of the colon)
Intravenous (excretory) pyelography (X-ray examination of the kidneys and urinary tract)
Bronchoscopy (endoscopic examination of the bronchi)
Fibrogasgroduodenoscopy (endoscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum)
Sigmoidoscopy (endoscopic examination of the rectum and sigmoid colon)
Colonoscopy (endoscopic examination of the colon)
Cystoscopy (endoscopic examination of the bladder)
Ultrasound of the abdominal organs (ultrasound examination of the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen) and kidneys
Ultrasound with determination of the contractility of the gallbladder
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs (bladder, uterus, ovaries, prostate)
Ultrasound of the kidneys, heart and blood vessels
CHAPTER 5. Patient Preparation and Technique for Respiratory Care
Thermometry
Body temperature and its measurement
Measurement of body temperature in the armpit
Thermometry data recording
Wet rubdown
Mustard plasters
Placement of cans
Ice bladder feed
Application of cold lotion
Requirements for ventilation and air environment of the premises in which the patient is located
Oxygen therapy (supply of humidified oxygen from an oxygen bag)
Supply of humidified oxygen through a nasal catheter
Collection of sputum for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Disinfection of sputum and pocket spittoon at home
A set of breathing exercises to improve lung ventilation
Rules for using a pocket inhaler (balloon)
Calculation, dilution and administration of antibiotics intramuscularly
Puncture of the pleural cavity (thoracocentesis)
Primary care for respiratory diseases
Dry (unproductive) cough relief
Help with wet (productive) cough
Help with an attack of choking (bronchial asthma)
Help with hemoptysis
Relief for chest pain
Drainage position (Quincke position)
Positional drainage
Help with hyperthermia (fever)
CHAPTER 6. Patient preparation and technique for performing care procedures for diseases of the circulatory system
Mustard foot baths
Pulse counting and determination of its quality
Blood pressure measurement
Measurement of daily urine output and determination of water balance
Accounting and determination of water balance
Determination of the patient's body weight
Subcutaneous injection
Intramuscular injection of oil solutions
Hirudotherapy
Placing leeches
The technique of applying venous tourniquets
Hypertensive enema
Oil enema
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation outside hospitals
Signs of clinical death
Restoring airway patency
Artificial lung ventilation
Artificial ventilation of the lungs using the "mouth-to-mouth" method
Closed (indirect) heart massage in adults and the elderly
Signs of biological death
Primary care for diseases of the circulatory system
Help with heart pain (angina attack)
Help with an attack of choking (cardiac asthma)
Help for fainting (syncope)
Collapse help
Shock relief (general anti-shock measures)
Help with a hypertensive crisis
ECG registration protocol (electrocardiogram)
CHAPTER 7. Patient Preparation and Technique for Caring for Diseases of the Digestive System
Gastric lavage
Taking gastric contents by fractional method
Acidometry
Probeless method for determining gastric secretion (acidotest)
Duodenal intubation
Care for vomiting
Cleansing enema
Application of the gas outlet tube
Setting a medicinal enema
The use of a drop enema
Using a siphon enema
Feeding the seriously ill
Planning needed patient care for feeding problems
Help with meals
Feeding the patient with a nasogastric tube
Study of bile pigments in urine by the express method (Rosin test)
Primary care for diseases of the digestive system
Help with gastrointestinal bleeding
Relief for epigastric pain
Relief for constipation
Help for diarrhea (diarrhea)
Help with hepatic colic
CHAPTER 8. Patient Preparation and Technique for Excretory Disease Care
Washing a seriously ill patient
Bladder catheterization for a woman
Bladder catheterization for men
Primary health care
for diseases of the excretory organs
Help with acute urinary retention
First aid for edema in kidney disease.
Patient (patient) perineal care with urinary catheter
Care and prevention of bedsores
CHAPTER 9. Patient Preparation and Technique for Blood Disease Care
Intravenous injection
Intravenous drip of fluids
Calculation and administration of heparin
CHAPTER 10. Patient Preparation and Technician
performing care procedures for endocrine system diseases
Insulin injection
Glucose Tolerance Test (PTH)
Examination of urine for glucosuric profile
Primary care for diseases of the endocrine system
Help with a lack of knowledge about the disease (diabetes mellitus)
Help with hypoglycemic coma
Help for hyperglycemic coma
Table of the content of bread units (XE) in food
CHAPTER 11. Patient Preparation and Technique for Joint Care Procedures
Setting the warming compress
Primary care for joint diseases
Joint Pain Relief
CHAPTER 12. Primary medical care for acute allergies
Help with anaphylactic shock
ANNEXES
Attachment 1.
SAFE MOVEMENT OF THE PATIENT
Patient transfer technologies
Safe techniques for holding patients while lifting or moving
Appendix 2.
INFECTIOUS CONTROL. INFECTIOUS SAFETY
A REFERENCE BANK OF PATIENT PROBLEMS
AND NURSING INTERVENTION
CHARACTERISTIC OF TREATMENT DIETS
MEDICINAL COMPATIBILITY
PREPARATION TABLES FOR LABORATORY METHODS OF RESEARCH
COLLECTION OF JOBS FOR SELF-CONTROL (WITH STANDARDS OF ANSWERS)
Standards of answers to tasks in the test form for self-control
LITERATURE
This tutorial is presented with algorithms for manipulation in nursing. Unfortunately, "Technologies for the implementation of simple medical services" approved as standards for nursing practice are still rare. Therefore, it is the algorithms that today make it possible to train nurses in modern technologies, while simultaneously disciplining both the teacher and the students. It is not easy to create a decent algorithm, to make it perfect. When creating this manual, the results of scientific research in accordance with the principles of medicine, the many years of experience of nursing teachers and representatives of practical health care, "Technologies for performing simple medical services created within the framework of the joint Russian-Canadian project" ROXY "were taken into account. Worthy attention is paid to the teaching role in the manual sisters, taking on more and more importance today. ”The manual (this version is already 5) is used in the preparation of both students and students of the department of additional professional education.
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Available in formats: EPUB | PDF | FB2
Pages: 418
The year of publishing: 2014
Tongue: Russian
The workshop was written in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for the specialty "Nursing" for secondary specialized educational institutions. The features of nursing care for specific diseases of internal organs are highlighted, starting from the outpatient level. The emphasis is on the nurse's skills in nursing and nursing models. The medical-technological protocols (algorithms) of nursing manipulations and procedures with justifications are presented, which help to comprehend the actions outlined in the protocol, to understand the need to perform each of them. Standardized primary care nursing intervention plans are proposed for a variety of therapeutic conditions. Recommended as a teaching aid for students of the "Nursing" department of the advanced basic level of medical colleges, schools, as well as practicing nurses.
Reviews
Maxim, Dnepropetrovsk, 30.09.2017
Very convenient service, I advise everyone. Everything is very simple and straightforward, no unnecessary actions are required.
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