Since the end of World War II, the Victory Day parade has been held only 27 times. Of these, 22 were after the collapse of the USSR. All the main parades on May 9 are in the photo gallery.
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The first parade in honor of the victory in the Great Patriotic War Patriotic War took place on Red Square on June 24, 1945. Joseph Stalin signed the order to carry it out on June 22 / Photo: Mikhail Ananyin
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This parade, commanded by Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky and hosted by Marshal Georgy Zhukov, became the largest and longest parade in the capital / In the photo from left to right: Semyon Budyonny, Joseph Stalin, Georgy Zhukov
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In two hours, more than 1,850 units of military equipment passed through Red Square / In the photo: T-34-85 medium tanks
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40 thousand military personnel took part in the 1945 parade.
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The second parade in honor of the Victory took place only in May 1965 under Leonid Brezhnev. Victory Day for a long time were not put on a par with the main Soviet holidays - May 1 and November 7. May 9 was not even declared a holiday. It was in 1965 that for the first time, by decree of the presidium Supreme Council USSR May 9 was declared a non-working day and for the first time a minute of silence was broadcast on Soviet radio and television / Photo: Dmitry Baltermants, G. Makarov
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The 1965 parade was attended by soldiers who stormed the Reichstag, and samples of Soviet military equipment were shown, some of which, however, as it turned out later, turned out to be mock-ups / In the photo: Heavy tanks "IS-3" ("Joseph Stalin")
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The tradition of holding a parade did not take root in 1965, and the USSR continued to use the traditional May 1 and November 7 to demonstrate its military power to the world. From 1968 to 1990, only the parade in honor of the anniversary of the revolution remained annual, and May Day celebrations took place in the form of demonstrations. IN Soviet time parades in honor of the Victory took place in the anniversary years of 1975 (that year, on the eve of May 9, the premiere of the song “Victory Day” by the poet Vladimir Kharitonov and composer David Tukhmanov, performed by Leonid Smetannikov), 1985 (pictured) and 1990 took place / Photo: Dmitry Baltermants
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On May 6, 1993, the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation adopted a resolution to celebrate the 48th anniversary of the Victory. The resolution recommended that the supreme councils of the regions included in Russian Federation, "accept Active participation in holding festive events,” and to people’s deputies of all levels, for example, “in organizing and holding meetings of war veterans.” Separately, the resolution stipulated the behavior of deputies located in Moscow. On May 9 they were recommended to “take direct part in festive events, especially in demonstrations associated with the opening of the first stage of the memorial at Poklonnaya Hill, in laying wreaths at the monuments to soldiers who died defending their homeland, at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.” According to the authors of the document, “this will give the celebration of Victory Day a truly national character and will contribute to the consolidation of our society.”
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By decision of Russian President Boris Yeltsin, on May 9, 1995, two parades were held in Moscow at once - on Red Square and on Poklonnaya Hill. The President himself managed to speak at both / In the photo: Russian Defense Minister Pavel Grachev during the Victory Parade on Red Square
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The parade on Red Square was held for veterans, and on Poklonnaya Hill - for foreign delegations, with the participation of heavy military equipment.
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On May 9, 1995, a monument to Georgy Zhukov was opened near the building of the Historical Museum and a memorial complex on Poklonnaya Hill.
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BMP-1 armored infantry vehicles during the parade in honor of Victory Day on Poklonnaya Hill on May 9, 1995 / Photo: Dmitry Azarov
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Multiple launch rocket systems "Smerch" during the parade in honor of Victory Day on Poklonnaya Hill on May 9, 1995 / Photo: Dmitry Azarov
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T-72 tank during the parade in honor of Victory Day on Poklonnaya Hill on May 9, 1995 / Photo: Dmitry Azarov
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On May 19, 1995, Boris Yeltsin signed the law “On the Perpetuation of Victory Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War,” in which Victory Day was declared a national holiday, “which is celebrated annually with a military parade and artillery salute.” In addition, the law established a permanent post of guard of honor at Eternal Flame at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Moscow / Pictured is the Victory Parade in 1997 / Photo: Lev Sherstennikov
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Heavy T-72 tanks on Red Square during the 1999 parade.
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On May 19, 1995, Boris Yeltsin signed the law “On the perpetuation of the victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War,” which declared Victory Day a national holiday, “which is celebrated annually with a military parade and artillery salute.” In addition, the law established a permanent post of honor guard at the Eternal Flame at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Moscow. Since then, parades have become regular
In the photo from right to left: Chairman State Duma Gennady Seleznev, Russian President Boris Yeltsin, Russian Prime Minister Sergei Kiriyenko and Russian Defense Minister Igor Sergeev during the parade dedicated to Victory Day in 1999 / Photo: Pavel Kassin
“This is both a state and personal holiday”
The Victory Parade took place on Red Square, 2016 / Photo: Dmitry Dukhanin, Dmitry Azarov
Today a parade was held on Red Square in honor of the 71st anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. More than 5 thousand military personnel and 206 units of military equipment took part in the parade. Speaking at the parade, Russian President Vladimir Putin emphasized that “our fathers and grandfathers defeated a powerful merciless enemy, and from our soldier the Nazis and accomplices received complete retribution.” The President pointed to a new danger - terrorism - and called for joint efforts to “defeat this evil.”
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Su-24M at a military parade in Moscow.
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The parade was hosted by Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, and the parade was commanded, as last year, by Commander-in-Chief ground forces Oleg Salyukov. Representatives of senior military officers marched in dismounted columns educational institutions, Suvorov and Nakhimov military schools, cadet corps, representatives of the Aerospace Forces.
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Military parade dedicated to the 71st anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War on the Red Square.
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Combined parade squad of female military personnel of the Military University of the Russian Ministry of Defense during the parade.
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Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu (right) during the parade on Red Square.
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Spectators of the military parade on Red Square.
Speaking at the parade, Vladimir Putin said: “May 9 is both a state and a very personal, family holiday. It became a symbol of the sacred kinship between Russia and its people. And in such unity, in devotion to the Motherland, lies our strength, confidence and dignity.”
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Su-25 attack aircraft during the aerial part of the military parade.
Military parade dedicated to the 71st anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War.
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Snipers at a military parade dedicated to Victory Day in the Second World War.
“Our fathers and grandfathers defeated a powerful, merciless enemy, before whom many countries folded and retreated,” said Vladimir Putin. “It was the Soviet people who brought freedom to other peoples. It was from our soldier that the Nazis and their accomplices received full retribution for millions of victims, for all the fanaticism and atrocities on our land.”
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Military personnel of ceremonial crews during a military parade.
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Military personnel of ceremonial crews during a military parade.
Military personnel of ceremonial crews during a military parade.
Military personnel of ceremonial crews during a military parade.
Speaking about the beginning of the war, Mr. Putin recalled that “it was necessary to immediately solve many complex problems, one of them was the evacuation of millions of civilians and industry to the east. And all this - in the most difficult conditions of the enemy’s advance, in the heat of war.”
Military personnel of ceremonial crews during a military parade.
Military personnel of ceremonial crews during a military parade.
Military personnel of ceremonial crews during a military parade.
The President emphasized that “now it is difficult to even understand how, through what extraordinary efforts, more than 1.5 thousand factories were removed and restored. Within a few months they began to uninterruptedly supply tanks, aircraft, ammunition, and military equipment to the front.”
Banner group of the parade squad during the military parade on Red Square.
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Mi-26 and Mi-8AMTSh.
Speaking about today, Vladimir Putin emphasized that “civilization has again faced cruelty and violence - terrorism has become global threat" Mr. Putin emphasized that “we are obliged to defeat this evil, and Russia is open to joining forces with all states, and is ready to work on creating a modern, non-bloc system of international security.”
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Presidents of Kazakhstan (left) and Russia Nursultan Nazarbayev and Vladimir Putin at a military parade on Red Square.
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Military parade dedicated to the 71st anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War on the Red Square. The parade was hosted by Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, and the parade was commanded, as last year, by the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces, Oleg Salyukov.
This year, among the other heads of state, the President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev, was present at the parade. Vladimir Putin thanked him for the decision to hold Victory Day in Moscow. “Of course, this is a sign of our special relationship, allied relations, this is very pleasant for us, we want to thank you for this. Your gesture will strengthen our trust and create good conditions for further development our friendly relations,”— quotes Kremlin presidential press service.
Vladimir Putin thanked Nursultan Nazarbayev for the decision to hold May 9 in Moscow
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Russian President Vladimir Putin said his Kazakh counterpart Nursultan Nazarbayev's decision to hold Victory Day in Moscow would help build trust between the two countries. “Of course, this is a sign of our special relationship, allied relations, this is very pleasant for us, we want to thank you for this. Your gesture will strengthen our trust and create good conditions for the further development of our friendly ties,” the press service of the President quotes Mr. Putin.
Today, the largest parade in the history of the CIS countries took place on Red Square. Kazakh military personnel also took part in it. In connection with this event, we decided to tell how the Victory Day Parades took place from 1945 to 2010.
Source: website of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
The very first Victory parade took place June 24, 1945. The decision to hold it was made back in mid-May, when Soviet troops broke the resistance of the last German units that did not surrender. From the very beginning, Stalin wanted to make this event grandiose and hitherto unprecedented. To do this, it was necessary to represent all fronts and types of troops at the parade. On May 24, the General Staff put forward its proposals for holding a parade. The commander-in-chief made one adjustment to them - instead of two months, he allocated only a month to organize the parade. On the same day, orders for the formation of consolidated regiments were scattered across the fronts.
Each regiment was to consist of 1,000 personnel and 19 commanders. Later, already in the process of staffing the regiments, their strength increased to 1,465 people. Particularly distinguished fighters who had awards for courage shown during the war were selected for the regiments. Each regiment had to have rifle units, artillerymen, tank crews, pilots, sappers, signalmen and cavalrymen. Each branch of the military had its own dress uniform and weapons.
In addition to the consolidated regiments of the fronts, a separate regiment of the Navy, students of military academies and schools, as well as troops of the Moscow garrison were to take part in the Parade.
Colonel General Sergei Shtemenko and Chief of the General Staff Alexey Antonov were appointed responsible for the Parade. It’s hard to even imagine how hard this burden was for them, because such a large-scale event had to be organized as soon as possible.
For the 15 thousand participants in the event, it was necessary to sew a new style of dress uniform. Factories in Moscow and the Moscow region worked without days off or breaks, but by June 20 they completed the task, and all the ceremonial uniforms were ready.
Separately, it was necessary to make ten front standards. Initially, this task was entrusted to a unit of Moscow military builders. Unfortunately, their option was rejected, and there were only ten days left before the Parade. Experienced craftsmen from the Bolshoi Theater workshops came to the rescue. Under the leadership of the head of the art and props workshop V. Terzibashyan and the head of the metalworking and mechanical workshop N. Chistyakov, they prepared the standards on time. These banners weighed about 10 kilograms each. To make the task easier for those who would carry them in the parade, sword belts were designed and made, slung on wide straps over the left shoulder, with a leather cup in which the standard's shaft was attached.
Combat training of personnel began on June 10, when the combined front regiments arrived in the Moscow region. It took place at the Frunze Central Airfield. The fighters trained six to seven hours a day. Separately, they prepared a special company that would carry Nazi banners at the Parade. The soldiers trained with heavy sticks almost 2 meters long. According to the recollections of the participants after these classes, sweat flowed from them in a stream. To train this company, soldiers of the 3rd regiment of the F.E. Dzerzhinsky division were specially allocated.
By the way, it was poor drill training that was the reason for the cancellation of the removal of the Victory Banner to Red Square. The group of standard bearers, consisting of Mikhail Egorov, Meliton Kantaria and captain Stepan Neustroev - participants in the hoisting of the Banner over the Reichstag, did not have time to learn the marching step at the proper level for their responsible mission.
It rained heavily on the day of the parade. Because of it, the flight of equipment over the Kremlin was canceled, as well as the passage of the column of workers. The parade brought together many war heroes, deputies of the Supreme Council, artists, and labor heroes. At 9:45 Stalin, Molotov, Voroshilov, Kalinin and other members of the Politburo rose to the podium of the Mausoleum. Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky was appointed commander of the parade. He was sitting on a black horse named Polyus. The parade was hosted by Marshal Georgy Zhukov on a light gray white horse named Idol. At 10 o'clock they galloped towards each other. Five minutes later, a detour began around the parade columns lined up in the square. A loud “Hurray!” swelled from all sides. The artillery fired 50 salvos. Zhukov stood up and made a speech in which he congratulated everyone on the end of the war.
The passage of the columns was opened by Marshal Rokossovsky. Behind him was a group of young Suvorov drummers, students of the 2nd Moscow Military Music School. Already behind him were the combined regiments of the fronts according to their geographical location from north to south: Karelian under the command of Marshal Meretskov, Leningradsky with Marshal Govorov, 1st Baltic with General Bagramyan, 3rd Belorussian led by Marshal Vasilevsky, 2nd Belorussian with the deputy commander of the troops Colonel General K.P. Trubnikov, 1st Belorussian, which was also headed by deputy commander Sokolovsky, 1st Ukrainian led by Marshal Konev, 4th Ukrainian with Army General Eremenko, 2nd Ukrainian with commander Marshal Malinovsky, 3 1st Ukrainian Marshal Tolbukhin, consolidated regiment Navy with Vice Admiral Fadeev.
These regiments included many of our compatriots. For one of them, Mukhangali Turmagambetov, the war began back in July 1941 near the borders of the USSR in Belarus. Together with other units, he retreated to the west and was almost captured twice. With the rank of sergeant of an anti-aircraft battery, the fighter took part in the legendary Battle of Moscow. He had the opportunity to take part in the historical military parade on May 7, 1941. And so, having passed through Stalingrad, Moldova, Hungary, Romania, the Carpathians and Austria, he again walked along Red Square, having passed a tough selection of ten thousand people.
After the columns of the combined front regiments, a company of soldiers carrying enemy banners began moving across the square. In preparation for the parade, 900 banners and standards of German units were taken out of Germany. The commission selected two hundred of them. The soldiers approached the foot of the Mausoleum and threw banners onto platforms specially built for this. The fighters wore white gloves on their hands to emphasize the disgust with which everyone treated Nazi symbols. The first to be abandoned was the Leibstandarte LSSAH - Hitler's personal guard battalion. After the parade, all German banners were transferred for storage to the Central Museum of the Armed Forces.
The orchestra began to sound in the square again. Units of the Moscow garrison and a combined regiment of cadets from military academies and schools passed through. The cadets brought up the rear Suvorov schools. The foot units were followed by a mounted brigade and soldiers on motorcycles.
The parade ended military equipment. Anti-aircraft guns on vehicles, batteries of anti-tank and large-caliber artillery, and field artillery, such as the famous ZIS-2 and ZIS-3 guns, drove along the paving stones of Red Square. They were followed by T-34 and IS tanks, and then by a combined military orchestra.
Source ITAR-TASS Archive
After this legendary parade, such large-scale celebrations in honor of May 9 were not held for twenty years. This day remained a non-working day only until 1948, when the country’s leadership canceled the day off, making it a non-working day New Year. In 1965, the new Secretary General Brezhnev, himself a war veteran, remembered this holiday and decided to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of the Victory on a grand scale. Since then, May 9 has again become a day off and a national holiday.
The ’65 parade was commanded by the commander of the Moscow Military District, Afanasy Beloborodov, and the parade was hosted by Defense Minister Rodion Malinovsky, who twenty years ago himself walked along the cobblestones of Red Square at the head of the combined regiment of the 2nd Ukrainian Front.
The anniversary parade was memorable for the first time in history that the Victory Banner was carried out. Time put everything in its place, Kantaria and Egorov, who did not take part in the Victory Parade, finally walked along Red Square as part of the banner group. The honor of carrying the Banner was given to the participant in the storming of the Reichstag, Hero Soviet Union Colonel Konstantin Samsonov.
In terms of scale, the 65th Parade was not inferior to the first Victory Parade, and in terms of the amount of equipment it even surpassed it. Almost a third of the parade participants were veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Wartime equipment and modern weapons of the Soviet army passed through the square.
The decision to hold the Victory Parade included political motives. Foreign attaches present at the parade were amazed to see huge ballistic missiles passing by them. The announcer clearly said that the missiles could hit a target anywhere in the world. NATO headquarters was also seriously scared. No one knew that only mock-ups of the 8K713, 8K96 missiles developed by Sergei Korolev and 8K99 designed by Mikhail Yangel passed through the square. In reality, samples of these missiles have not yet been assembled and tested. As a result, after the tests failed, they never went into production.
In the history of the parades on May 9, a break of 20 years came again. The next, third of them took place only in 1985, on the fortieth anniversary of the Victory. In the stands that day stood the new General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, Mikhail Gorbachev, and members of the Politburo. The parade was commanded by Army General Pyotr Lushev, and was hosted by Defense Minister Marshal Sergei Sokolov. He also addressed the military personnel with a speech in which he paid attention to the role of the European Resistance and the countries of the anti-fascist coalition in victory. At the same time, he noted: “Bourgeois propaganda removes responsibility from those who started the war and tries to belittle the role of the Soviet Union in the defeat of the fascist invaders.”
The parade was opened by drummers from the Moscow Military Music School. The banner group followed them. The Victory Banner was carried by a participant in the war, an ace fighter who shot down 46 fascist planes, and twice Hero of the Soviet Union - Nikolai Skomorokhov. 150 banners of the most distinguished units during the war were carried across the square. Columns of veterans marched in the historical part of the parade: Heroes of the Soviet Union, full holders of the Order of Glory, participants in the 1945 parade, partisans and home front workers. For the first time, foreign military personnel and veterans from Poland and Czechoslovakia took part in the Parade.
Students from higher military academies and schools marched in the columns of modern troops. Among them were representatives of the Frunze Military Academy, the V.I. Lenin Military-Political Academy, the Dzerzhinsky Academy, the Academy of Armored Forces, and the Chemical Defense Academy. In addition, paratroopers, marines, Suvorov and Nakhimov soldiers marched across the square. The march of the foot columns was completed by Kremlin cadets, students of the Moscow Higher Military Command School.
The passage of technology was also divided into historical and modern parts. The last time in the history of the Soviet Union, T 34-85 tanks, SU-100 self-propelled guns, Katyushas and BM-13 mortars drove across the square.
Source ITAR-TASS Archive
Many people took part in the 1985 parade new technology, which entered service just a few years earlier. A total of 612 units of military equipment were used. Soldiers of the Taman division rode in BPM-2 armored vehicles, paratroopers in BMD-1 and BTR-70. The tank crews of the Kantemirovskaya division controlled T-72 tanks. Artillery included the Gvozdika and Akatsiya howitzers and Hyacinth cannons in the parade. Ballistic missiles (Luna-M, Tochka, R-17) were also transported across the square.
The parade in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Victory in 1995 was essentially divided into two parts. The first of them, the historical one, took place on Red Square and began at ten o’clock. According to the organizers, this parade was supposed to reconstruct the first Victory Parade. Soldiers in Red Army uniforms marched across the square. The Victory Banner was carried by a participant in the 1945 Victory Parade, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, retired aviation colonel general Mikhail Odintsov. Following him in the consolidated regiments and under the banners of the fronts in which he fought were 4,939 war and labor veterans.
Among the guests of the Parade were UN Secretary General Boutros Ghali, US President Bill Clinton, British Prime Minister John Major, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, and Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien. And also the heads of the former Soviet republics: President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev, President of Armenia Levon Ter-Petrosyan, President of Georgia Eduard Shevardnadze, President of Kyrgyzstan Askar Akaev and others.
The modern part of the parade took place on Poklonnaya Hill, where a platform was built specifically for this purpose. The parade was commanded by Colonel General Leonid Kuznetsov, and was received by Russian Defense Minister Pavel Grachev. 10 thousand people, 330 units of military equipment, 45 aircraft, 25 helicopters took part in the parade. It lasted a record two hours.
The cadets of the Frunze Academy, Dzerzhinsky Academy, Academy of Armored Forces, Ryazan airborne school etc. For the first time, students of the Military Academy of Economics, Finance and Law, which opened in 1993, were involved in the parade. The parade included BTR-80, BMP-3, T-80 tanks, the Smerch multiple launch rocket system, and the S-300 air defense system. It was quite in the spirit of that time to refuse to participate in the ballistic missile parade.
For the first time in the history of Victory Day celebrations, the aviation part of the parade took place. Il-78 refueling aircraft accompanied by Su-24 front-line bombers were demonstrated, MiG-31 fighters, An-124 Ruslan cargo giants, and Ka-27 helicopters intended for ship-based flights flew over.
One of major events The twentieth century was the victory of the Soviet people over fascism in World War II. IN historical memory peoples and the main holiday will forever remain on the calendar - Victory Day, the symbols of which are the Parade on Red Square and the festive fireworks in the sky of Moscow.
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On May 9, 1945, at 2 a.m. Moscow time, announcer I. Levitan announced the surrender on behalf of the command fascist Germany. Four long years, 1418 days and nights of the Patriotic War, full of losses, hardships, and grief, have ended.
And on June 24, 1945, the first parade took place in Moscow on Red Square, dedicated to victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War. The combined regiments of the fronts, the combined regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, the combined regiment of the Navy, military academies, military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison were brought out to the Victory Parade. More than 40 thousand military personnel and 1,850 pieces of equipment marched across Red Square at that time. It rained during the parade, so military aircraft did not take part in the parade. The parade was commanded by Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky, and the parade was hosted by Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov.
From the rostrum of the Lenin Mausoleum, Stalin watched the parade, as well as Molotov, Kalinin, Voroshilov, Budyonny and other members of the Politburo.
The Victory Parade was dedicated documentary- one of the first color films of the USSR.It was called “Victory Parade”.
On this day at 10 o'clock in the morning, Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov rode on a white horse from the Spassky Gate to Red Square.
After the command “Parade, attention!” The square exploded with a roar of applause. The commander of the parade, Konstantin Rokossovsky, presented a report to Georgy Zhukov, and then together they began to tour the troops.
Following this, the signal “Listen, everyone!” sounded, and the military orchestra played the anthem “Hail, Russian people!” Mikhail Glinka. After Zhukov's welcoming speech, the anthem of the Soviet Union was played, and the solemn march of the troops began.
The Victory Banner hoisted over the Reichstag in Berlin, 1945.
The parade opened with the Victory Banner, which was transported across Red Square in a special car, accompanied by Heroes of the Soviet Union M.A. Egorova and M.V. Kantaria, who hoisted this banner on the defeated Reichstag in Berlin.
Then the combined front regiments marched across Red Square.
After this - the famous Soviet Combat vehicles, which provided our army with superiority over the enemy.
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The parade ended with an action that shocked the whole world - the orchestra fell silent and, to the beat of drums, two hundred soldiers entered the square, carrying trophy banners lowered to the ground.
Line after line of soldiers turned to the mausoleum, on which stood the country's leaders and outstanding military leaders, and threw the banners of the destroyed Nazi army captured in battle onto the stones of Red Square. This action became a symbol of our triumph and a warning to everyone who would encroach on the freedom of our Motherland. During the Victory Parade to the foot of the mausoleum of V.I. Lenin abandoned 200 banners and standards of the defeated Nazi divisions.
THE DECISION to hold a parade of winners was made shortly after Victory Day - May 15, 1945 Deputy Chief General Staff army General remembered : “The Supreme Commander-in-Chief ordered us to think over and report to him our thoughts on the parade to commemorate the victory over Hitler's Germany, and indicated: “We need to prepare and hold a special parade. Let representatives of all fronts and all branches of the military take part in it...”
May 24 I.V. Stalin was informed of the proposals of the General Staff for holding the Victory Parade. He accepted them, but did not agree with the timing. While the General Staff allowed two months for preparations, Stalin ordered the parade to be held in a month. On the same day, a directive signed by the Chief of the General Staff, Army General, was sent to the commander of the troops of the Leningrad, 1st and 2nd Belorussian, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Ukrainian fronts:
The Supreme Commander-in-Chief ordered:
1. To participate in the parade in the city of Moscow in honor of the victory over Germany, select a consolidated regiment from the front.
2. Form the consolidated regiment according to the following calculation: five two-company battalions of 100 people in each company (ten squads of 10 people). In addition, 19 command personnel consisting of: regiment commander - 1, deputy regiment commander - 2 (combatant and political), regimental chief of staff - 1, battalion commanders - 5, company commanders - 10 and 36 flag bearers with 4 assistant officers. In total there are 1059 people in the combined regiment and 10 reserve people.
3. In a consolidated regiment, have six companies of infantry, one company of artillerymen, one company of tank crews, one company of pilots and one composite company (cavalrymen, sappers, signalmen).
4. The companies should be staffed so that the squad commanders are mid-level officers, and in each squad there are privates and sergeants.
5. Personnel to participate in the parade shall be selected from among the soldiers and officers who have most distinguished themselves in battle and have military orders.
6. Arm the combined regiment with: three rifle companies - with rifles, three rifle companies - with machine guns, a company of artillerymen - with carbines on their backs, a company of tankers and a company of pilots - with pistols, a company of sappers, signalmen and cavalrymen - with carbines on their backs, cavalrymen, in addition - checkers.
7. The front commander and all commanders, including the aviation and tank armies, arrive at the parade.
8. The consolidated regiment arrive in Moscow on June 10, 1945, with 36 combat banners, the most distinguished formations and units of the front in battles, and all enemy banners captured in battle, regardless of their number.
9. Ceremonial uniforms for the entire regiment will be issued in Moscow.
ANTONOV
It was planned to bring ten combined regiments of the fronts and a combined regiment of the Navy to the parade. Students of military academies, cadets of military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison, as well as military equipment, including aviation, were also invited to participate in it.
At the fronts, they immediately began to form and staff consolidated regiments.
At the end of May, consolidated front regiments of five battalions were formed.
The commanders of the combined regiments were appointed:
- - from the Karelian Front - Major General G.E. Kalinovsky
- - from Leningradsky - Major General A.T. Stupchenko
- - from the 1st Baltic - Lieutenant General
- - from the 3rd Belorussian - Lieutenant General P.K. Koshevoy
- - from the 2nd Belorussian - Lieutenant General K.M. Erastov
- - from the 1st Belorussian - Lieutenant General I.P. Tall
- - from the 1st Ukrainian - Major General G.V. Baklanov
- - from the 4th Ukrainian - Lieutenant General A.L. Bondarev
- - from the 2nd Ukrainian - Guard, Lieutenant General I.M. Afonin
- - from the 3rd Ukrainian - Guard, Lieutenant General N.I. Biryukov.
Most of them were corps commanders. The combined naval regiment was headed by Vice Admiral V.G. Fadeev.
Although the directive of the General Staff determined the strength of each combined regiment at 1059 people with 10 reserves, during the course of recruitment it increased to 1465 people, but with the same number of reserves.
IN VERY Many problems had to be solved in a short time frame. So, if students of military academies, cadets of military schools of the capital and soldiers of the Moscow garrison, who were to march along Red Square on June 24, had ceremonial uniforms, regularly engaged in drill training, and many participated in the May Day parade of 1945, then with the preparation of more than 15 thousand front-line soldiers, everything was different. They had to be received, accommodated, and prepared for the parade. The most difficult thing was to manage the tailoring of the ceremonial uniforms on time. However, garment factories in Moscow and the Moscow region, which began sewing it at the end of May, managed to cope with this difficult task. By June 20, all parade participants were dressed in new-style ceremonial uniforms.
Another problem arose in connection with the production of ten standards, under which the combined regiments of the fronts were to parade. The execution of such a responsible task was entrusted to a unit of Moscow military builders, commanded by engineer major S. Maksimov. They worked around the clock to make a sample, but it was rejected. But there were about ten days left before the parade. It was decided to turn to specialists from the Bolshoi Theater art and production workshops for help. The head of the art and props shop, V. Terzibashyan, and the head of the metalworking and mechanical shop, N. Chistyakov, were involved in the production of the standards. Together with them we made a new sketch of the original form. A horizontal metal pin with “golden” spiers at the ends was attached to a vertical oak shaft with a silver wreath framing a gold five-pointed star. On it hung a double-sided scarlet velvet panel of the standard, bordered with gold patterned hand lettering and the name of the front. Individual heavy golden tassels fell along the sides.
The sample was immediately approved, and the craftsmen completed the work even ahead of schedule.
The best of the best front-line soldiers were assigned to carry the standards at the head of the combined regiments. And here not everything went smoothly. The fact is that when assembled, the standard weighed more than 10 kg. Not everyone could walk along Red Square in a military step, holding it at arm's length. As always happens in such cases, people's ingenuity came to the rescue. The standard bearer of the cavalry regiment, I. Luchaninov, recalled how an unfurled knife banner was attached on the march. Based on this model, but in relation to the foot formation, the saddlery factory in two days produced special sword belts, slung on wide belts over the left shoulder, with a leather cup in which the standard shaft was attached. 
And many hundreds of order ribbons that crowned the staffs of 360 military banners, which had to be carried across Red Square at the head of the combined regiments, were made in the workshops of the Bolshoi Theater. Each banner represented military unit or a formation that distinguished itself in battle, and each of the ribbons marked a collective feat, marked by a military order. Most of the banners were guards.
By June 10, special trains carrying parade participants began arriving in Moscow. The personnel were stationed in the Chernyshevsky, Aleshinsky, Oktyabrsky and Lefortovo barracks, in the towns of Khlebnikovo, Bolshevo, Likhobory. As part of the combined regiments, the soldiers began drills and training at the Central Airfield named after. They were held every day for six to seven hours. Intensive preparation for the parade required all its participants to exert all their physical and moral strength. Honored heroes did not receive any relief.
Horses were selected in advance for the host of the parade and the commander of the parade: for the marshal - a white light gray color of the Terek breed named “Idol”, for the marshal - a black krak color named “Polyus”.
Starting from June 10, 1945, the medal “For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945,” established on May 9, 1945, was the first in the Armed Forces to be awarded to front-line soldiers - participants in the Victory Parade. Along the way, orders and medals that had defects, as well as those awarded back in 1941-1943, were exchanged for new ones that appeared after the introduction of order bars in 1943.
At the direction of the General Staff, about They were received in the gym of the Lefortovo barracks by the commander of the 181st Infantry Regiment of the 291st Infantry Division, Colonel A.K. Korkishko. 200 banners and standards, then selected by a special commission, were placed in a special room and taken under the protection of the military commandant of Moscow. On the day of the Victory Parade, they were taken to Red Square in covered trucks and handed over to the personnel of the parade company of “porters.”
On June 10, a company was formed from the front-line soldiers of the combined regiments (10 ranks, and 20 people in a rank). It was located in the parade formation opposite St. Basil's Cathedral. On the parade ground, where training began, the front-line soldiers did not look their best, but after all, aces were required, and not just combat soldiers. Things took off when, at the suggestion of the commandant of Moscow, Lieutenant General K. Sinilov, an excellent combat soldier, Senior Lieutenant D. Vovk, deputy commander of the honor guard company, was appointed commander. They trained with poles from soldiers' tents, 1.8 m long. But some could not withstand such physical exertion, while others did not go well with drill training. I had to do a partial replacement. The company included a group of tall warriors of the 3rd regiment of the division named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky. With their help, single combat training began. <Кавалер двух орденов Славы С. Шипкин вспоминал: “We were drilled like recruits, our tunics did not dry out from sweat. But we were 20-25 years old, and the great joy of victory easily prevailed over fatigue. The classes were beneficial, and we were sincerely grateful to the Dzerzhinsky guys.”. The company was prepared for the day of the parade. On June 21, late in the evening, Marshal G.K. Zhukov examined the training of “porters” on Red Square and was satisfied.
Unfortunately, not everyone “passed the exam” at the dress rehearsal. According to the organizers, the march of troops was to begin with the removal of the Victory Banner, which was delivered to Moscow on June 20 from Berlin.
But due to S.A.’s poor drill training. Neustroeva, M.A. Egorova and M.V. Kantaria Marshal G.K. Zhukov decided not to take it to the parade.
Two days before the parade, June 22, signed by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, Marshal of the Soviet Union I.V. Stalin issued order No. 370:
ORDER
Supreme Commander-in-Chief
To commemorate the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War, I appoint a parade of troops of the Active Army, Navy and Moscow Garrison on June 24, 1945 in Moscow on Red Square - the Victory Parade. Bring the consolidated regiments of the fronts, the consolidated regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, the consolidated regiment of the Navy, military academies, military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison to the parade.
The Victory Parade in Moscow on Red Square on June 24, 1945 is a historical parade commemorating the victory of the USSR over Nazi Germany in the Great Patriotic War. The parade was hosted by Deputy Supreme Commander-in-Chief, Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov. The parade was commanded by Marshal of the Soviet Union Konstantin Rokossovsky.
The decision to hold a parade of winners was made by Joseph Stalin shortly after Victory Day. On May 24, 1945, he was informed of the General Staff's proposals for holding the Victory Parade. He accepted them, but did not agree with the timing. The General Staff allocated two months to prepare the parade; Stalin ordered the parade to be held in a month.
On June 22, 1945, the order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief Joseph Stalin No. 370 was published in the central Soviet newspapers: “In commemoration of the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War, I appoint a parade of troops of the active army, the Navy and the Moscow garrison on June 24, 1945 in Moscow on Red Square - Victory parade".
At the end of May - beginning of June, intensive preparations for the parade took place in Moscow. Horses were selected in advance for the host of the parade and the commander of the parade: for Marshal Georgy Zhukov - a white light-gray color of the Terek breed, nicknamed "Idol", for Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky - a black Cracian color named "Polyus".
To produce ten standards, under which the combined front regiments were to parade, they turned to specialists from the Bolshoi Theater art and production workshops for help. Also, in the workshops of the Bolshoi Theater, hundreds of order ribbons were made, crowning the poles of 360 military banners. Each banner represented a military unit or formation that had distinguished itself in battle, and each of the ribbons commemorated a collective feat, marked by a military order. Most of the banners were guards.
On the tenth day of June, the entire parade participants were dressed in new dress uniforms and began pre-holiday training. The rehearsal of the infantry units took place on Khodynskoye Field, in the area of the Central Airfield; on the Garden Ring, from the Crimean Bridge to Smolensk Square, a review of artillery units took place; motorized and armored vehicles conducted inspection and training at the training ground in Kuzminki.
To participate in the celebration, consolidated regiments from each front operating at the end of the war were formed and trained, which were to be led by front commanders. It was decided to bring the Red Banner hoisted over the Reichstag from Berlin. The formation of the parade was determined in the order of the general line of the active fronts - from right to left. For each combined regiment, military marches were specially designated, which they especially loved.
The penultimate rehearsal of the Victory Parade took place at the Central Aerodrome, and the general rehearsal took place on Red Square.
The morning of June 24, 1945 was cloudy and rainy. By 9 o'clock, the granite stands at the Kremlin wall were filled with deputies of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the RSFSR, workers of the People's Commissariats, cultural figures, participants in the anniversary session of the USSR Academy of Sciences, workers of Moscow factories and factories, hierarchs of the Russian Orthodox Church, foreign diplomats and numerous foreign guests. At 9.45, members of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party, headed by Joseph Stalin, went up to the Mausoleum.
The first Victory Parade on Red Square in Moscow took place 68 years ago, on June 24, 1945. Watch the archived video of how the historical parade of victorious soldiers took place in the Great Patriotic War.The commander of the parade, Konstantin Rokossovsky, took a place to move towards the host of the parade, Georgy Zhukov. At 10.00, with the striking of the Kremlin chimes, Georgy Zhukov rode out to Red Square on a white horse.
After the announcement of the command "Parade, attention!" A roar of applause echoed across the square. Then the combined military orchestra of 1,400 musicians under the direction of Major General Sergei Chernetsky performed the anthem “Hail, Russian people!” Mikhail Glinka. After this, the commander of the parade, Rokossovsky, gave a report on readiness for the start of the parade. The marshals toured the troops, returned to the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin, and Zhukov, rising to the podium, on behalf of and on behalf of the Soviet government and the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, congratulated “the valiant Soviet soldiers and all the people on the Great Victory over Nazi Germany.” The anthem of the Soviet Union sounded, 50 volleys of artillery salute rang out, three times “Hurray!” rang out over the square, and the solemn march of the troops began.
The combined regiments of the fronts, the People's Commissariat of Defense and the Navy, military academies, schools and units of the Moscow garrison took part in the Victory Parade. The combined regiments were staffed by privates, sergeants and officers of various branches of the military who had distinguished themselves in battle and had military orders. Following the regiments of the fronts and the Navy, a combined column of Soviet soldiers entered Red Square, carrying 200 banners of the Nazi troops, defeated on the battlefields, lowered to the ground. These banners were thrown to the foot of the Mausoleum to the beat of drums as a sign of the crushing defeat of the aggressor. Then units of the Moscow garrison marched in a solemn march: a combined regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, a military academy, military and Suvorov schools, a combined cavalry brigade, artillery, mechanized, airborne and tank units and subunits. The parade ended on Red Square with the march of the combined orchestra.
The parade lasted 2 hours (122 minutes) in pouring rain. It was attended by 24 marshals, 249 generals, 2,536 other officers, 31,116 sergeants and soldiers.
At 11 p.m., out of 100 balloons raised by anti-aircraft gunners, 20 thousand missiles flew in volleys. The culmination of the holiday was a banner with the image of the Order of Victory, which appeared high in the sky in the beams of searchlights.
The next day, June 25, a reception was held in the Grand Kremlin Palace in honor of the participants of the Victory Parade. After the grand celebration in Moscow, at the proposal of the Soviet government and the High Command, a small Parade of Allied Forces took place in Berlin in September 1945, in which Soviet, American, British and French troops took part.
On May 9, 1995, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, an anniversary parade of war participants and wartime home front workers with units of the Moscow garrison was held in Moscow on Red Square, which, according to its organizers, reproduced the historical Victory Parade of 1945 of the year. It was commanded by Army General Vladislav Govorov and received by Marshal of the Soviet Union Viktor Kulikov. 4,939 war veterans and home front workers during the war years took part in the parade.
The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources