Olesya Shakiryanova

Cabinet psychologist - a specific room that functionally serves specific purposes to ensure a psychologically comfortable atmosphere and emotional well-being for all participants pedagogical process. And also, this is part of the developing subject environment, an element of microspace, subject to important laws of ergonomics of developing children's activity.

In new Federal State Educational Standard the requirements for the developing subject-spatial environment of preschool educational institutions are outlined. It should be content-rich, transformable, multifunctional, variable, accessible and safe, correspond age capabilities of children and the content of the program.

It was these requirements that we adhered to when creating and designing my office.

Cabinet located on the third floor of the building, the office is not passable, is located away from the music and sports hall. Available for both teachers, and for parents. In the hall in front office there is a waiting area for parents and children, equipped soft sofa and armchairs, information stand to familiarize yourself with the operating hours educational psychologist and reminders for parents, there are also "Mail educational psychologist» .

All space the office is organized according to with my specifics professional activity and consists of several work areas. Each zone has its own functional load.

Zone of organizational and methodological activities (work zone educational psychologist) contains:

A desk, a chair, a computer and office equipment (black and white and color printer, speakers, sets of CDs with educational videos, music.

Shelves with documentation (normative, special, organizational and methodological);

Cabinet for manuals with literature and printed publications to improve scientifically - theoretical level and professional competence;

Programs for processing and analyzing data obtained as a result of correctional and diagnostic activities – Diagnostic block

Sets of children's correctional and developmental literature, fiction and manuals for children's ages.

Interaction area with teachers and parents(Advisory work area) (for formal and informal communication)included in the areas of diagnostic and correctional-developmental work with children; it consists of:

Tables, chairs

Questionnaire forms, questionnaire forms, tests (located in the area of ​​organizational and methodological activities)

printed material: booklets, reminders on various topics on stand information "For you, parents"

Literature on problems of age-related development of children, characteristics of their behavior, as well as on issues of family relationships;

Literature on problems of cognitive, personal and emotional development of children, school readiness, adaptation to new social conditions and etc. ;

Printouts with games and exercises for activities with children at home and in institutions;

This zone involves creating a trusting environment that helps the visitor who comes to the reception teacher-psychologist, calmly discuss the problems that concern him.

Functional areas office can partially overlap each other, completely coincide or transform into one another. The practice allows us to combine the initial reception areas and the psychologist’s work area, group areas correctional work and play therapy.

Correctional and developmental zone (play therapy area)is represented quite extensively and consists of several interconnected gaming centers:

Center for Emotional Development (development of emotional intelligence, development of social and communication skills)

Author's manual on the door "Mood thermometer"- on it the child can indicate his mood or emotional state by choosing the color on which he will place the pointer slider. This diagnostic game can be played both before and after the game.

Corner of emotions:

A game "Our feelings and emotions", "zoo of moods", pencils of emotions, cube of emotions, designer doll "Pretender", a chest with a set for changing the doll's mood, glasses, "The ABC of Mood", mirror.

Theater corner:

Hats, capes, pouch "for screaming", soft and paper masks. Scarves, headbands, medals, swords and a magic wand.

three sets of finger theater (family, wild and domestic animals, "Zayushkina's hut"; theater "Bibabo": family, "Little Red Riding Hood", a set of silhouette figures for shadow theater ( "Three piglets", Pets). Sets of backgrounds for staging theatrical games (more than 4).

Frame for puppetry, and it is also for shadow theater (also serves "football field" for games "Blow out the ball"(breathing game, "Score the ball" in a game with paper "football players" (for the development of motor skills).

Musical instruments: tambourine, pipes, whistles, plastic eggs with filling - intended for the development of auditory attention and breathing training (whistles and pipes)– necessary when working with both active and shy children.

Movement Center

Balls large and small, of different textures and weights, safe darts, volleyball, soft balls "snowballs", massagers and massage balls, game "Catch a Moth", Set of small bouncy balls (glow in the dark). Designed to stimulate motor activity, organize games in pairs or in a circle, develop attention and dexterity.

This large-scale painting is not only decorative, uniting the zones cabinet function,but also represents a didactic manual for organizing a series of educational games:

The lower tier is presented by the author's manual "Houses of Emotions". The houses are different in size, color, have different roof textures - sensory development of children younger age. Each house is locked with its own padlock (hook, ribbon, lacing, etc.) (development fine motor skills hands). When some houses are opened, music plays, selected to suit the mood of its occupant. Characters with different moods live in the houses (author's "Coffee" toys, (development of emotional intelligence). Playing with houses of emotions involves a conversation about the character, his mood; children are invited to come up with a story or fairy tale about the character, as well as play a game suggested by the character. Example: A mischievous pig lives in an orange house, he loves oranges and football, oranges and a round ball - find among geometric shapes round then orange figures. Touch the roof of the house with your finger, what does it feel like? - Velvet. Strings easily stick to velvet, let's draw a gift for the pig with thread. A game from the bag is offered "Nimble fingers"…

The middle tier in the center is a marker, magnetic board, on the back you can draw with chalk - it is used to demonstrate illustrations, tasks, or play with a cage or maze, that is, it has an educational function. The areas around the board include images of mountains, a castle, a river, a lake, a road, flowers, insects - intended for educational games "Plane orientation", attention games “How many butterflies are sitting on the flowers?”, “Where are the snails crawling, will they meet or not?”, “How many little men climbed the mountain?”, “What color is the castle with the round windows?”

There is also a locomotive with pockets on the trailers - used for diagnostic purposes (determining the emotional state as in the test "Lushera", and in didactic - "Who will go first, second...".

There are two benefits for breathing development "Mill", "Butterfly".

The upper tier has an aesthetic function and is designed to consolidate children's knowledge of the order of the seasons; it also involves didactic games for orientation on planes and attention (How many ladybugs are crawling up? How many birds are on the wall)

The Fine Motor Development and Construction Center includes:

Travel bag "Nimble fingers"contains 3 games: “Embroidering a picture”, "Drawing with thread", "Button Games". DIY games with clothespins, including a game "Who eats what", "Knots", "Laces", rubber bands for weaving and playing with rubber bands "Put it on your fingers". Puzzles on a plane, large and small, based on the plots of fairy tales, Puzzle "By magic", where you not only need to collect an episode from a fairy tale, but also collect these episodes in the correct sequence, a three-dimensional puzzle "Baba Yaga's Hut". Flexible fluffy wire and Beads for weaving, Beads "Pyusla" are used not only for stringing, but also for laying out patterns on special plates. Figurines of domestic, wild, sea animals, insects, educational table for young children - 2-sided

Large selection of designers: "Lego", "Fun Construction", "Snowflake", "Sun", "Geometric constructor", "Fluffy Ball", "Pythagoras", "Magic Wands".

Sand games are available in two versions: "Plasotherapy"- playing with kinetic sand and drawing with colored sand on the glass of a Montesori table - used in art therapy. To work in this direction, there is all the necessary material (sets of scoops and beads, small toys, little people, glass and natural stones, sets of sea creatures).

For playing with water there are fish, a fishing rod, a set for playing with soap bubbles, and a mat for drawing with water.

The training center is represented by two tables that can easily be transformed into one table, or tables of any configuration based on the purpose of work, a sofa, armchairs, chairs according to the height of the children.

The training center is easily supplemented with educational board games, pencils, paper and the necessary materials for correctional and developmental activities. Plasticine traditional, ball, Modeling kits "Play-doh": Scissors, turtle with shapes, syringe for plasticine, molds, rolling pin, stacks. Watercolor paints, gouache, brushes, colored pencils, wax pencils, felt-tip pens, scissors, drawing paper, colored, corrugated, velvet paper, foil, white and colored cardboard, stencils "Insects", "Vegetables", "Fruits", "Cloth", "Pets", "Wild animals".

On the shelves on the wall, diagnostic, correctional, therapeutic material is always at hand (counting sticks, sets of cards "Vegetables fruits" etc., Metaphorical maps used both in diagnostic work, and in therapy with children and adults.

The zone of relaxation and relief of emotional stress is compatible with the training center and the zone of interaction with teachers and parents, which does not at all detract from its functional purpose, since it is represented by a soft sofa and armchairs, plants that help create optimal sanitary, hygienic and aesthetic conditions for exercise and relaxation. A rack with green plants, a waterfall and a composition made of natural stone act as a corner of nature that is designed to provide favorable psychological impact on clients, especially during the hours when they are most susceptible to it (tiredness at the end of working day, emotional arousal due to intense social contacts). Additionally I use aromatherapy (aroma sachet, collection of aroma oils) and soundtrack ( sounds of nature: the noise of the forest, the sea surf, birdsong, which has a very beneficial effect on children of different ages).

Toy pillows with artificial filling are always loved and popular.

Dry showers also serve the purposes of relaxation, sensory development and development of hand motor skills. (combined with volleyball net)

I will separately introduce the biofeedback therapy center.

It is closely related to the work area itself, since the work of training diaphragmatic relaxation breathing is the work of both the small client and the psychologist.

On the working screen I monitor the respiratory rhythm and heartbeat, set thresholds, on the additional screen the child looks at the game plot, sensors attached to his body read the heart rate and breathing. On the table of the biofeedback center there is literature, the necessary accessories for conducting introductory and instructing classes (a balloon, a pump, a cup, straws, a color printer for printing out indications of the success of biofeedback training. During classes, a warning about maintaining silence is posted on the front door. Hanging on the wall a sign reminding you of the rules of relaxation breathing, information leaflets for parents regarding both biofeedback and general issues of child development and upbringing.

Center for Intellectual Development

Thinking games: chess and checkers, "Unicube", "Cuisinaire's Sticks", "Dyenes Blocks", Logico Baby, cards with educational tasks with games "What's first, what's next", a game "Count", "Logics", "Pentamino", Voskobovich Square, "T-puzzle", "Collect a square", "Hexamino", sets of flat geometric shapes.

Games to develop perception and attention: 7 themed lotto, dominoes "Feelings", "Shadows", Puzzle "Shadows", a game "Big small", "Collect a plate", "Developing attention", "Colored rugs", earbuds "Insects","Wild animals", "Body parts", "Animals of the Southern Countries", Cut wooden pictures "Seasons", "House", "Living World",

Development games general ideas about the world: games for studying time - cards for the panel "Times of Day", "What time is it now", "Learn by playing", watch dial with inserts of different shapes for studying not only time, but also training visual perception; group game "Guess who you are!", board and printed games "Become a friend of nature", "Pictures of halves", "Big and Small", "Sound, light, water", "Let's play",

Optional equipment:

Carpet tiles, cords, a grid of cords for teaching orientation by cells, bedspreads, game backgrounds.

Toys and aids for organizing surprise moments:

Story toys Baba Yaga, Good Fairy, Sad Clown, Parsley, designer toy puppet doll, chest with wooden toys, music box, toy candle (it goes out if you blow on it, game backgrounds.

Play Therapy Center for Children

Kits for role-playing games : "Hospital", "House", "Shop"

Games for girls (conditional): Dolls "Family", Set of doll furniture, dishes, printed board game "Dream House".

Games for boys: Sets of cars, helicopters, motorcycles, soldiers. Games to follow traffic rules, wooden construction set "Transport".

Description of the sensory room

Efficiency of functioning of the MBDOU sensory room "Berezka", is based on relevant requirements of organizational support, and is also supported by the necessary technical equipment and facilities. The sensory room is located on the third floor kindergarten, Near teacher-psychologist's office.

The color of the walls, floors, furniture, and blinds is selected based on the principle of using calm and neutral tones that do not cause additional excitement or irritation.

The room is equipped with a music center that allows for group and individual work using musical accompaniment, which helps to carry out office relaxation measures for psychological relief.

The room is designed for various types of group work with a total number of participants up to 3-8 people.

Conventionally, the SC equipment can be divided into functional blocks:

Relaxation block - it includes soft coverings, ottomans and pillows, devices that create diffused light, an aromatherapy installation and a library of relaxation music. A child or an adult, lying on soft forms, can take a comfortable position and relax. Slowly passing diffused light, a pleasant smell combined with soothing music create an atmosphere of safety and tranquility. If necessary, additionally, psychotherapeutic work with the client can be carried out in such an environment.

Activation unit - it includes all equipment with light-optical and sound effects, touch panels for hands and feet. Bright light-optical effects attract, stimulate and maintain attention, creating a joyful holiday atmosphere. The use of the equipment of this SC block is aimed at stimulating research interest and physical activity: Safety bubble column with soft platform and 2-piece safety corner mirror, Projector "Mercury",Safe fiber optic bundle, Panel « starry sky» And « Milky Way» , Interactive wall panel "Infinity 50",Sound-activated light projector “Brainscan”, Bundle of fiber-optic fibers with side glow "Star Rain",Floor fiber-optic carpet "Stargazer", Mirror ball, Floor fiber-optic module "Magic Fountain", Lamp "Flame", Aroma lamp "Efa" and a set of oils Shar "Lightning", "Magic Thread"

Tactile environment - allows you to master new sensations and develop tactile sensitivity, teaches you to distinguish the various properties of objects and improves hand-eye coordination. Children's game cubes with applique, Mosaic "Heart",Children's didactic manual "Scarlet Flower", Educational game set "ABC + mathematics"

A properly organized environment performs correctional, educational, developmental, nurturing, stimulating, organizational, and communicative functions. This is the optimal condition for correctional work in general.

Based on the above, The teacher-psychologist's office is equipped everything you need and is a full-fledged center psychological development preschoolers. Thus KRPPS teacher-psychologist's office fully meets the requirements GEF DO, contributes to the all-round development of the preschooler, as well as effective organization working with parents and preschool teachers.

The portal Psy.firmika.ru contains offers for renting offices for psychologists in Moscow. When starting private practice, many psychologists are faced with the problem of lack of suitable premises for receiving clients. A good solution is to rent an office or hall for group training, but this also has its own nuances.

What do you need to know about renting private practice offices?

Offers to rent a psychologist's office are created by psychological and business centers. Depending on the type of occupation of the specialist, you can choose premises for individual, group and family therapy, classes with children. Psychological centers also provide facilities equipped for sandplay, art therapy and training.

When choosing an office for private practice, you should focus on the following criteria:

• Convenient location of the center.
• Cozy, “homely” atmosphere in the office, absence of extraneous noise. It is better if the room has soft sofas and armchairs and carpeting.
• Availability of a waiting room.
• Possibility of coffee breaks.
• Availability of necessary equipment.

If you need to rent a psychologist’s office for group classes, it is better to choose rooms that have a projector that allows you to make presentations. A big plus would be the presence of a small kitchen or dining room.

Rent of psychologist's offices in the psychological assistance center is carried out strictly by appointment; a weekly or monthly schedule is drawn up for all specialists. When the flow of clients is too large, you can rent another psychologist’s consulting room, sharing the appointment time with colleagues.

Cost of renting premises for psychological consultations

The cost of renting a psychologist's office per hour is perhaps the most important criterion. It depends on the size of the room, its equipment and the location of the center. A kitchenette fee may be included in the price.

Hourly rent of a small psychologist's office costs on average 500 rubles. Since evening is the most popular time, psychological centers they increase the price for the second half of the day. Subscriptions for 10-20 hours are often provided and include a 5-10% discount. In some cases, an advance payment is required, which is not refundable in case of refusal to rent a psychological office.

A psychologist's office is a specific room that functionally serves certain purposes, and it is also part of the developing subject environment, an element of microspace, subject to important ergonomic laws of developing children's activity.
As for the mass educational institution where children spend most time and one psychologist serves a large contingent of children, it is necessary to consider workplace psychologist as part of the living environment. And this environment must meet the general principles of “richness, science-intensiveness and contain natural and sociocultural means that ensure a variety of child activities.” This environment must also meet the criteria of functional comfort.

First condition. It is more convenient to locate a psychologist’s office on the ground floor, since psychologists see not only children attending the institution, but also their parents.

Second condition: There should be maximum isolation, both territorial and sound. This means two particularly important points: the office should not be a walk-through or adjacent to premises such as physical education and music rooms.
Third condition: an office is a symbol for a psychologist’s place of work. It would be more correct to imagine it as a room divided into three areas of activity, each of which is very specific both in terms of equipment and functional purpose: diagnostic, correctional, relaxing.

A specially equipped office of a practical psychologist (PPP) can function on the basis of a regular office of a teaching and educational institution. Its task is to provide timely qualified advisory and methodological, psychological and psychocorrection assistance to various categories of the population, including students of different levels of development and age, their parents, as well as solving problems of socio-psychological rehabilitation and adaptation.

A room or a separate classroom with an area of ​​at least 25-30 m should be allocated for the office of a practical psychologist, so that 10-12 people can be in it at the same time, work with whom should take place in comfortable conditions.

Temperature regime. The room should be warm and at the same time well ventilated. In winter, due to increased dryness of the air, you can use the “Comfort” device to humidify and ionize it; It is advisable to have an air conditioning unit. The optimal temperature is considered to be between 20 and 22° C.

Soundproofing. To isolate from corridor noise, the room can be equipped with a double door. The maximum sound volume of recordings is 30 dB (muffled speech). During classes, a warning about maintaining silence must be posted on the front door.

Material and technical equipment and organization of office space
The implementation of a complex of psycho-correction and rehabilitation measures involves conducting classes in a specially equipped room, which must meet the relevant conditions and requirements for technical support and equipping the psychological room:

Technical means: VCR, TV, stereo with a set of video and audio cassettes, computer, printer, copier, video camera.

Teaching materials: practical materials for psychological work at school; set of toys, board games, appropriate to the age of the children; set of various materials ( construction material, plasticine, paints, colored pencils, markers, paper, etc.); Library of a practical psychologist; handouts for students, parents and teachers, participants in socio-psychological training groups or for other group classes.

Documentation: There should be folders with the necessary documentation in the psychologist’s office

List of documentation

1. Annual work plan approved by the head of the educational institution.
2. Logbook of work performed
3. Schedule
4. Programs and methods of psychoprophylactic, diagnostic, developmental, correctional, consulting and other types of work.
5. Analytical report on the work carried out for the year, approved by the head of the educational institution.

Furniture:
psychologist's desk,
manual cabinet,
equipment cabinet,
children's jobs,
Coffee table,
2-3 soft chairs or sofa
chairs.
Additional tools for interior design: room partitions, flowers, aquarium. Partitions can be a rack or a composition of flowers and plants.

METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR THE WORK OF TEACHER-PSYCHOLOGIST

All areas of work of a practical psychologist’s office require methodological, organizational and technical support, which, of course, contributes to the effective functioning of the checkpoint.

Selection of methodological tools

The choice of examination method is one of the difficult stages of the diagnostic and correctional work of a practical psychologist. From the variety of currently existing diagnostic methods, it is necessary to be able to choose those that correspond to the goals and objectives of the study, as well as a number of important principles. These principles are directly related to the organization of methodological equipment for a practical psychologist, determining the necessary minimum of diagnostic tools in the work of a novice specialist. Let us list these principles.

1. The available arsenal of techniques in the office of a practical psychologist should be multidirectional, covering all aspects of a person’s mental life, including mental processes, properties, states, orientation of the personality, its attitudes, value orientations, intellectual level, features of interpersonal interaction, stress resistance and behavioral reactions in tense situations, etc.

2. A practical psychologist’s office should have methods for different age groups. Methods developed in scientific psychology and tested in practice, when used at an early age, require special modification, providing for a deep psychological analysis and competent interpretation of a complex of different indicators in their dynamics. In child psychology, it is necessary not only to focus on what the child can currently accomplish, but also to predict what he is able to achieve in the near future, what his “zone of proximal development” is. This is especially important when diagnosing developmental disorders; in connection with this, it is necessary to develop separate diagnostic techniques in the form of a teaching, formative experiment.

3. Methods for both individual and group research should be presented.

4. Since a psychologist often needs operational information, great importance acquire methods that are not associated with a cumbersome processing procedure and allow for rapid diagnostics. It is advisable to use so-called functional tests as express methods in a psychological office.

5. Modern technologies make it possible to equip the offices of practical psychologists with computer diagnostic techniques, which significantly saves time, reduces the cost of preparing test material and forms, and simplifies the procedure for processing results. However, despite the undoubted advantages of computer psychodiagnostics, one should not get too carried away with it, since dialogue with a computer does not replace direct emotional communication between the client and the psychologist, when empathic interaction, acceptance, trusting contact and a sense of understanding are included, which is the purpose of contacting a psychologist.

Requirements for methods

The methods that form the methodological basis of the office of a practical psychologist must meet certain requirements:
- the goals, subject and scope of application of the methodology must be clearly formulated;
- the area of ​​application must be clearly identified, which means a special social environment or sphere of social practice, the contingent of subjects (gender, age, education, professional experience, job position);
- the content of the methodology must include a clear statement of the processing procedure, statistically sound methods of calculation and standardization test scores;
- methods must be tested for representativeness, validity and reliability in a given field of application;
- blank methods must be presented on separate sheets, carefully verified spelling and grammatically;
- methods containing drawings and text material must be clearly printed.
Methods that do not meet the above requirements cannot be recognized as a professional psychodiagnostic tool. A practical psychologist has the right to use only certified psychodiagnostic techniques.

Equally important is selection of psychological tools for correctional work, including a variety of handouts:
- balls, toys, kids crafts,
- soft ball chairs, building transformers and other materials that can be used in play therapy or fairy tale therapy.

The effectiveness of using various psychological means of influence increases significantly when they are used in a complex manner as interacting and complementary. This approach is important both in the process of psychological diagnosis and subsequent correction, and in sessions of psychological support, relieving psycho-emotional stress, and teaching self-regulation skills. Such means include, in particular, audiovisual means, gaming materials used in play therapy, music therapy and movement therapy.
The psychologist of the school psychological office bears full responsibility for the implementation of correction and development programs, the effectiveness of recommendations and the final result.
To evaluate his work, a psychologist can use specially designed questionnaires. Based on the results of a survey conducted regularly at the end of a certain cycle of classes, it is possible to analyze the adequacy of the selection of methodological tools and developmental programs for individual work with students of different ages, to assess the dynamics of the child’s achievements (for example, changes in the level of his personal anxiety or resistance to stress, etc.).
When conducting projective techniques with children of different ages, one should take into account the special situationally determined impressionability of the child’s psyche. Even the most inexperienced parent in the study of children's creativity noticed that after watching the film, children draw and sculpt something in accordance with the theme of the film. In this way, they experience the impressions they have just received and work to assimilate new experience. Therefore, one should not interpret in any special sense a drawing of a family if, after watching a cartoon about “Crocodile Gena and Cheburashka,” a child drew his dad as a crocodile [Shmelev, 1999]. When working with schoolchildren, it should be taken into account that children have not yet fully mastered social norms and for them “lie scales” work poorly or do not work at all. How younger schoolboy, the less suitable questionnaires are for it.
In child psychodiagnostics, the results of diagnostic procedures also turn out to be unreliable for the reason that children do not always absolutely correctly understand the meaning of what is required of them in the methodology. Speech development children under 12-13 years of age does not allow them to clearly understand the meaning of many instructions and questions. Therefore, school psychologists should not be overly carried away by verbal techniques that use speech stimulus material.

MUSICAL MEANS

One of the psychological means of influence during individual and group sessions in the office of a practical psychologist is specially selected musical programs, the influence of which is characterized by multifaceted changes in the functional state of the human body. Thus, by varying the musical background, you can influence mood, induce a state of rest or excitement, control a person’s performance or enhance relaxation.

Generalized characteristics of musical works,
reflecting a similar emotional state

Basic options	Basics Mood	Literary definitions	Titles Works
Slow	Calm	Lyrical, soft, contemplative, elegiac, melodious, thoughtful, tender	A. Borodin: Nocturne from String quartet; F. Chopin: Nocturnes in F major and D major (extreme parts); F. Schubert. "Ave Maria"; K. Sen - Sans. "Swan"; S. Rachmaninov. Concerto No. 2 (beginning of movement II)
Slow Minor	Sadness	Gloomy, sad, tragic, sad, despondent, mournful	P. Tchaikovsky. Fifth Symphony (beginning), Sixth Symphony (final) E. Grieg. Death of Oze, Complaint Ingrid from the Peer-Gynt suite; F. Chopin. Prelude in C minor, March from the Sonata in B flat minor, Etude in C sharp minor; K. Gluck. "Melody"
Fast Minor	Anger	Dramatic, excited, alarming, restless, angry, angry, desperate	F. Chopin. Etudes No. 12, 23, 24; Scherzo No. 1, Prelude No. 16, 24; A. Scriabin. Etude No. 6 Op. 8; P. Tchaikovsky. Overture "The Tempest"; R. Schumann. "Rush"; L. Beethoven. Sonatas No. 14, 23 (finals)
Fast Major	Joy	Festive, jubilant, cheerful, cheerful, joyful	D. Shostakovich. Festive overture; F. Leaf. Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 6, 10, 11, 12 (finals); W. Mozart. Little night Serenade (parts I and IV); L. Beethoven. Symphonies No. 5, 6, 9 (finals)

Music therapy can be effective method treatment of school neuroses, which today increasingly affect not only students, but also teachers. The development of a rich emotional sphere is achieved by involving people in a wide range of musical artistic experiences, the formation of an emotionally positive perception of the world, and an optimistic worldview.
If we consider a session of music psychotherapy from the perspective of the possibility of influencing the physical, emotional and intellectual spheres of the body, then, since music is the language of non-verbal communication, we can expect the greatest effect in influencing a person’s feelings and moods, weakening negative experiences in the process of their cathartic release under the influence music.

ORGANIZATION OF OFFICE SPACE

Taking into account the specifics of the tasks, the office of a practical psychologist should geographically include several zones, each of which has a specific purpose and appropriate equipment. It is necessary to separate the waiting area and the advisory area.

Waiting area It is a part of the room separated by a partition from outsiders and those visitors who are already at the checkpoint. It is recommended to use flowers extensively. There should not be any posters on the walls, especially medical ones, so as not to cause unwanted associations among children and their parents.

Initial reception area and conversation with the client is equipped with a desktop, a file cabinet with data about children, teachers, parents as clients of the office, a closed file cabinet containing data and survey results that should be inaccessible to outsiders. The closet contains psychological tables, posters, methodological material and other tools for psychological examination of clients.

Advisory work area designed as comfortably as possible. A coffee table and comfortable soft chairs, dim lighting from the side sconces create an atmosphere of comfort, security, promote relaxation, calm, and promote open, trusting communication in individual, group or family counseling.

Play therapy area is of particular importance and therefore must be equipped accordingly: soft floor covering; movable furniture that facilitates quick changes in the situation in the game plot; toys, craft materials, pencils, albums. Children's crafts, drawings, and bright interior decoration are appropriate here. Color design and phytodesign complement each other in creating a “children's space.” All this makes it easy for children to adapt to working conditions in the office and helps relieve tension.

Zone of relaxation and relief of psycho-emotional stress involves free placement of comfortable soft chairs for relaxation.
The effect of relaxation and relief of muscle tension can be achieved under the influence of certain elements of the environment (aquarium, light music, slide images), as well as functional music. Therefore, you need a tape recorder with a set of cassettes.
In this area of ​​the psychological office, you can conduct classes and autogenic training sessions with viewing slide programs and video programs with musical accompaniment. These classes are especially important in our time, as the number of children and adults who have experienced traumatic stress is increasing.
All these zones, in fact, correspond to the goals and objectives of the functioning of the school psychologist’s office, the main contingent of which are students of various ages, their parents and teachers.

ORGANIZATION OF PHYTODESIGN

The school psychologist's office must have plants that help create optimal sanitary, hygienic and aesthetic conditions for classes and recreation. They can also perform the functions of a professionally organized space, when flowers, flower racks and walls act as functional partitions separating various areas of the office (the reception area, for example, from the play area or advisory area).
When composing the interiors of a psychological office, you can place in them fresh flowers, green grass lawns, phytocompositions, and sometimes chirping birds in order to more fully imitate an ecological space, which is designed to have a beneficial psychological effect on clients, especially during those hours when they are most susceptible to this (fatigue at the end of a working day, emotional arousal due to intense social contacts).
An organic complement to the comfortable conditions of phytodesign is the use of recordings of natural sounds during classes: the noise of the forest, the sea surf, birdsong, which has a very beneficial effect on children of different ages.

LIGHT-COLOR DESIGN OF THE OFFICE

When organizing a practical psychologist’s office, it is necessary to pay serious attention to its light and color design.
Lighting . Light intensity should be adjusted over a wide range (from bright lighting to complete darkness).
Combined lighting is recommended, both fluorescent and incandescent lamps. Before and after restorative relaxation or developmental activities, regular overhead lighting is used; During special classes, the side wall sconces turn on with a weak green light. It is better to point all lamps at the ceiling to provide soft, diffused light.
Color climate. Color affects a person's mental state and can change his mood. The environment in which the client finds himself should be conducive to dialogue and trusting communication. Therefore, when designing an office, it is important to take into account the requirements of color psychology.
The effect of color on humans All colors can be divided into two groups: warm (shades of red and yellow) and cold (bluish-violet tones).
The most beneficial effect on vision and central nervous system(CNS) render green and blue colors. All light colors have a good effect on a person’s psychophysiological state and cause a good mood. Dark tones and rich shades of color are depressing and cause a depressed state. Red and yellow colors excite and activate the central nervous system.

Human sensations change depending on the color environment:
yellow and light yellow-green colors evoke a feeling of something light, and vice versa, dark tones purple-blue colors - something heavy.
Furniture of blue color creates a feeling of cold. Subconsciously, there is a feeling that sitting on “blue” is not as “warm” as sitting on red or brown. A room painted orange appears to have a higher temperature than a room painted blue-green, even though the temperature in both rooms is actually the same. In a room, especially with poor lighting, ceilings and walls painted white appear gray. This cool color does not create the impression of a bright room. From a psychological point of view, painting a room white is tiring and has an adverse effect. White color works well when used as a background for other colors.
When organizing the office of a practical psychologist, it is important to take into account the psychological impact of the color of the door in the office. The door is an important part of the room and almost always evokes certain psychological associations. Depending on the color of the doors, they seem to invite you to enter the room or, conversely, do not invite you to do so. Negative emotions and reluctance to open them are caused by doors painted in a gloomy gray color; painted in cheerful colors - improve your mood.

Color is also associated with hearing. With noise, the function of visual receptors increases and therefore the perception of green color becomes more intense, and the increased perception of green color “covers” the noise to a certain extent.
Thus, sharp acoustic stimuli can be muffled by corresponding light stimuli.
Harsh noise will be perceived more calmly in a room painted olive green, swamp green or dark brown.

Research from the Institute of Color Psychology in Zurich (Switzerland) showed that children give preference to one color or another depending on their age.

The relationship between light and human psychological characteristics

Age (years)	Preferred Color	Evocative color negative attitude	Predominant psychological state
4 – 10	Red, purple, pink, turquoise	Black, dark brown, grey	Stay in the world of fairy tales
11 – 12	Green, yellow, red	Olive, pastel green, lilac	Predominance sensual perception of the world
13 – 16	Ultramarine, blue, orange, (green)	Violet, lilac	Rational approach to perception of the world development self-awareness
17 – 19	Red-orange	Purple, pink	Instinctively purposeful perception of the world

The same design technique for different elements of a room has different effects on people. A person can easily tolerate a floor painted like a chessboard. The sight of such sex does not haunt him. But walls painted in the same way make an unpleasant impression. So, when examining a room, often more attention is paid to the walls and precisely their lower part. Color division of walls can optically lengthen them. When painting walls, you should use more intense colors compared to the muted color of the floor.
Depending on the location of the color in the room, it can affect a person differently.

The characteristic effect of color on a person.

Color	The effect of color on a person when this color is placed
	Up	On the side surfaces	At the bottom
Orange	Protects concentrates attention	Warms, envelops	Burns
Brown	Covers up makes it heavy	Produces impression earthiness, materiality	Instills confidence
Blue	Creates impression ease, friendliness, sky	Cools, alienates	Creates comfort for walking
Yellow	Makes it easier amuses	Excites	Raises

Classification of colors according to their psychological impact per person.
1. Stimulating (warm) colors
red - strong-willed, life-affirming, able to motivate to action
orange - warm, cozy, conducive to intimate conversation
yellow - promotes better contact
2. Disintegrating (cold) colors
purple - stimulates self-absorption
blue - removes, creates distance
3. Calming and balancing colors
green - refreshing
olive - soothing, softening
yellow-green - liberates
4. Muffling and suppressing irritation
ocher - softens the growth of irritation
brown, earthy - stabilizes
dark brown – softens excitability
white, gray - extinguish irritation
dark gray, black-blue, green-blue - isolate and suppress irritation
5. Pastel colors
pink – evokes a feeling of tenderness
purple – enhances isolation and withdrawal
pastel green - softens
grayish-bluish - evokes restraint
These effects of color on the state of mind should be used when planning the functional areas of the office, depending on the tasks of the work.
Waiting area and advisory zone It is advisable to design it in such a way that the color scheme of the space ensures relative peace, a mood for dialogue, and free communication. Therefore, you should not use saturated shades of red-orange, and it is also not recommended to create sharp color contrasts in perception. The color scheme of the zones should be consistent in basic colors.
The play psychotherapy area is being decorated using bright, saturated tones, sometimes in sharp contrast.
Zone of relaxation and relief of psycho-emotional stress You should not oversaturate with small details, they will irritate and have a stimulating effect rather than a relaxing one. For the same reason, it is not recommended to use bright shiny surfaces. Relaxation sessions are best conducted in a semi-darkened room, which promotes relaxation and stress relief. Curtains on windows should be made of light-proof fabric.
The effect of relaxation and relieving psycho-emotional stress can be achieved under the influence of certain elements of the environment and light-colored design of the office. The color of walls, floors, furniture, curtains is selected in calm and neutral tones that do not cause additional excitement or irritation; in a color-light interior, blue and green colors are preferred (the ceiling is blue to imitate the sky, the floor covering is in green tones.
It is known that the life of an adult is built on the basis of his child development. What can affect a child's behavior? What will his character be? Why does he behave this way and not otherwise? These are the questions that are relevant for parents and educators of children. preschool age. An educational psychologist can answer these and many other questions.

* The calculations use average data for Russia

25,000 - 90,200 RUR

Starting investments

66,000 ₽

From 1 month

Payback period

The number of psychologists increases every year by almost geometric progression. The profession of a psychologist opens up great opportunities for people who want to not only do what they love, but also earn money. In order to work in your specialty, you do not need to rent a large office or purchase expensive equipment. Investments will only be required in education and experience. Of course, in this case there are also some drawbacks.

Profitability of opening a psychological office

If we consider a psychologist’s private office as a business, then the bulk of clients will come to you, first of all, on the recommendation of friends and acquaintances, that is, through the so-called “word of mouth.” It takes a lot of time and effort to develop a clientele, so at first a novice psychologist with a private practice can hardly count on big profits. Moreover, it is best to combine work in your own office with work in any organization as a hired employee. This way, you will not only not lose money, but will also gain experience and practice that are so valuable for a beginning specialist.

Another disadvantage of such a business is related to the high level of competition in this area. There have been a lot of psychologists on the labor market lately. The demand for their services, however, is also quite high. But supply has long exceeded demand. Several factors play a role here. Firstly, our compatriots are not yet accustomed to solving their problems with the help of qualified specialists. The services of psychologists are not yet in great demand, and their cost is equal to, or even higher than, the cost of a consultation with a doctor.

Moreover, if the effectiveness of treatment in most cases can be assessed even by a person far from medicine (the onset of relief, the disappearance of disturbing symptoms, improvement in well-being, etc.), then with psychological help everything is far from so simple. If a doctor in many cases can give a patient a favorable prognosis for the outcome of treatment, then the psychologist only undertakes to do everything necessary to help his client, but does not give any guarantees for a good result.

Another negative factor that adversely affects the reputation of psychologists and psychological assistance in general concerns the lack of a unified legislative framework. Today, in fact, even those people who have no experience can engage in psychological counseling. special education, nor any work experience. Currently, there is only a bill “On the provision of psychological assistance to the population,” which has not yet been adopted. This bill also has quite a few shortcomings and controversial issues, so its adoption is unlikely to change the situation for the better.

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And yet, despite all the disadvantages, a psychological office is a good business idea that can turn into a profitable and profitable business with proper positioning and promotion.

Legal registration of activities of a psychologist with private practice

In order to open a practical psychologist's office, you will need to register as an individual entrepreneur. You can do this in four different ways. In the first case you you can register an individual entrepreneur on one's own. This is the cheapest option: all costs will be 800 rubles for the state fee. In principle, registering an individual entrepreneur is quite simple and does not take much time. But you can seek help in registering an individual entrepreneur from an intermediary - a law firm that specializes in such services. Registration with the help of an intermediary will cost more than filling out the documents yourself, but you will save a lot of time on filling out all the necessary papers, and will also receive a guarantee that all documents will be completed without a single mistake. Finally, an individual entrepreneur can also be registered by power of attorney.

We will consider the option of self-registration as an individual entrepreneur. To complete the registration, you need to prepare documents for individual entrepreneur registration (application for registration, application for simplified taxation, receipt for payment of state duty); register your individual entrepreneur with the Federal Tax Service (registration with the tax office, sending a notification to the supervisory authorities: Rospotrebnadzor and Gosavtodornadzor), as well as with the Pension Fund of Russia and the Social Insurance Fund (registration with the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, Social Insurance Fund, Rosstat, Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund); order a stamp for an individual entrepreneur; open a bank account.

Documents required for registration of a psychological office

Let us consider in more detail the documents that you will need to register as an individual private entrepreneur (IP): an application for state registration of an individual as an individual entrepreneur in the form P21001, a receipt for payment of the state fee for registration of an individual entrepreneur, an application for the transition to a simplified taxation system in the form No. 26.2-1 (optional), copy of passport. The simplified taxation system (also known as simplified taxation system, simplified taxation system, simplified taxation system) allows you to pay less taxes and significantly simplify the reporting you submit than OSNO (main taxation system). The simplified tax system is very common among small and medium-sized businesses. There are two options for interest rates of the simplified tax system – 6% (from income) and 15% (“income minus expenses”).

You can choose the interest rate yourself. If you choose the first option, you will pay 6% of any income, and in this case your expenses will not be of interest to the tax authorities (this option is preferable in our case when it comes to providing any services and when expenses are much less than income) . If you prefer the first option, then the amount of expenses will be deducted from the amount of income, and the individual entrepreneur pays 15% of taxes on the difference received (this option is convenient in case of trading). At the same time, all expenses of an individual entrepreneur must be documented (that is, you need to save receipts, invoices, acts, etc.).

If you plan to apply a simplified procedure, then you need to submit a notice of this in two copies along with other documents during registration. Please note: you can switch to the simplified system only once a year, starting from the beginning of the calendar year, so if you do not have time to submit your application right away, you will have to pay much more taxes and maintain much more complex accounting and reporting until the end of the current year.

By law, you can submit an application within thirty days from the date of registration, but it is better not to delay and apply immediately. You can fill out an application for transition to a simplified tax system (STS) automatically and free of charge using a special service or manually. In the latter case, you will need to download an application for transition to a simplified taxation system using form No. 26.2-1 (KND 1150001) (check the relevance of the form you downloaded to date). The application is submitted in two copies, one copy remains with you (with a note of acceptance). Your copy must be saved. In addition to the application, you will also need to provide a photocopy of two double-page spreads of your passport (main and with registration) on one A4 page (also, when submitting documents, you may be asked for copies of all pages containing any information).

When registering an individual entrepreneur, you will also need to select OKVED codes. For psychologists who want to set up a private practice or company, code 96.09 “Provision of other personal services not included in other groups” is most suitable.

The need for special education from a practicing psychologist

The issue of whether a practicing psychologist has a document on higher specialized education deserves special attention. On the one hand, the law on psychological assistance to the population has not yet been adopted; accordingly, now a large number of so-called “psychologists” conduct their activities without having a diploma vocational training. However, on January 1, 2015, the Federal Law “On the Fundamentals social services citizens in Russian Federation", where psychological assistance refers to social services.

Thus, the activities of a psychologist involve the provision of psychodiagnostic and psychotherapeutic assistance, psychological counseling and psychological correction. Psychological counseling is a type of activity for which a state diploma is issued, therefore, a person who has declared to conduct such activity, but does not have a special education, can conduct it until the first inspection, after which he may be accused of conducting illegal business activities. The check will be carried out after the first complaint from a dissatisfied client to the prosecutor's office.

In this case, it is important to understand the difference between a psychologist and a psychotherapist. A psychologist is a person with a higher psychological education. Many universities in various cities of our country graduate such specialists. Among psychologists there are social, general, medical, and educational psychologists. Psychologists have the right to engage in science and teaching, conduct training, help with choosing a profession, work on a helpline, test intelligence levels, identify abilities, advise, and make recommendations. Most often, social psychologists do all this.

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General psychologists are primarily concerned with the science, teaching, and development of theories of psychology. Clinical psychologists have an idea not only of mental normality, but also of pathology. They have the right to work in medical institutions and advise healthy people. They test sick people so that doctors can make a more accurate diagnosis. But officially, a psychologist does not have the right to engage in psychotherapy without special retraining.

A psychotherapist is a doctor who received a specialty as a psychiatrist, and then underwent additional training and became a psychotherapist. Only in this case can a specialist officially be called a psychotherapist and practice psychotherapy. He has a broad understanding of the human psyche and can treat patients with both medicinal and non-medicinal means, and has the right to conduct long-term or short-term, individual or group psychotherapy. There are many areas and methods of modern psychotherapy (art therapy, gestalt therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnotherapy, etc.), and different psychotherapists specialize in different areas. A psychotherapist has the broadest powers, since he can advise on all cases, treat his patients and prescribe medications if necessary.

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If you do not claim the proud title of psychotherapist, then, according to the Federal Law of 08.08.2001 No. 128-FZ “On Licensing individual species activities”, a license to provide psychological assistance is not required. However, you are obliged to observe ethics and remember that human fate can often depend on your professionalism, correctness and decency.

Opening a psychological office

So, to open your own psychological assistance office, you will need space for receiving clients, as well as a minimum set of furniture - comfortable chairs, a table and, possibly, a couch (although the latter is an indispensable attribute of a psychoanalyst’s office and is hardly necessary for an ordinary psychologist), which can easily be replaced with comfortable sofa. Beginning psychologists often do not want to spend money on renting an office, preferring to receive their clients at their place or at their home.

In fact, both options have a number of disadvantages. If you are going to convert a room in your apartment or house into your office, then keep in mind that your working hours will be irregular. You and your household will have to forget about peace and personal life, and you - about relaxation and distraction from work. In addition, you are violating your own personal boundaries by inviting clients to your home. As a temporary option, a home office has a right to exist, but you shouldn’t turn it into a permanent one.

If you plan to go to your clients’ homes, then take into account both monetary and time expenses for travel. In addition, as in the first option, the home environment is not the best space for psychological counseling or therapy. And no one has canceled the issue of your personal safety either (it is no secret that the majority of psychologists are women). This format of work is usually resorted to in extreme cases (for example, when the client is a bedridden patient).

It is best to rent a room where you will receive your clients. According to the decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation, the minimum area for a psychologist’s office should be 10 square meters. meters. The best option is an hourly rental, when you pay for a specific time of your stay at the workplace, rather than a fixed monthly rent. You can find quite affordable options (300-500 rubles per hour). In this case, you will not need to purchase additional furniture or equipment, since such premises, as a rule, are already equipped with everything necessary.

Average rent for office space in Russia*

Hourly office rental, rub.	Monthly office rent (10 sq. m.), rub.
250	7 400

*according to Avito data as of August 29, 2018

The main thing is that your office is cozy, and the atmosphere in it is conducive to rest and relaxation. Of course, this should not be a walk-through room: the issue of confidentiality is of great importance to your clients, and no one should disturb you during communication. Specialized offices (for example, a child psychologist's office) are often opened on the basis of an educational institution. True, this option can hardly be called a business. It’s better not to depend on third parties.

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To open your own psychological office, taking into account its full equipment and rent for 3 months, you will need about 90 thousand rubles. Accordingly, if you rent an office with everything you need and use a personal computer or laptop, then you can meet the 25 thousand rubles needed only to pay the rent for the first time. Of course, with this calculation we by default assume that you already have the necessary education and skills.

Investment in opening a psychological office

Sales and marketing in opening a psychological office

Beginning psychologists often wonder where they can look for clients. The best advertising in this matter is word of mouth. In second place is the Internet: specialized websites, regional forums, social networks. Recently, psychologists have been trying to pay more attention to social networks, creating engaging content on psychological topics in VKontakte groups, Instagram accounts, and so on.

It’s also worth thinking about creating your own website, but it doesn’t make sense to invest a lot of money in it. To receive applications from a site, you need it to be displayed in the first lines of the search, you need contextual advertising, which in most cases psychologists are not able to afford. Therefore, for starters, you can get by social networks, a business card website developed using a free designer or filled out profiles on psychologists’ websites like b17.ru

Don't forget to include information about your education and work experience on the site. It’s good if, in addition to your diploma, you have various courses, trainings, seminars, supervisions, etc. under your belt. However, you shouldn’t chase quantity while neglecting quality. Do not embellish your experience, try to write the truth. If you have a complete lack of experience, you can always find additional work (for example, at a helpline or at a municipal center for psychological assistance to the population). It may not be highly paid, but it will give you such valuable first experience. It is not at all necessary to be a generalist. On the contrary, it is better to choose one or two areas and actively work in this area, improve your skills and gain experience.

The issue of pricing for the services of a novice specialist deserves special attention. You shouldn’t immediately set high prices for your services, but dumping is not the best option either. Your work as a professional should be adequately paid. If you yourself rate your services too low, then what opinion will your potential clients have? Psychologist's work in big city can be estimated at 2500-3000 rubles/hour. But often the amount declared in advertisements is noticeably reduced, and in small cities it is 1000-1500 rubles per hour. Typically, a course of short-term therapy consists of 10 meetings, each of which lasts 45 minutes.

How much do psychologists earn and spend?

Practical experience shows that it is realistic to receive three clients in one day. More is more difficult. Both physically and mentally. Let's assume that our psychologist is a very popular specialist who sees three clients a day and works 5 days a week, and the cost of a session is 3,000 rubles. In this case, his revenue is 198 thousand rubles. Considering the small investment, you can recoup the costs of your office from the first month.

But, as you understand, all this is pure theory. In practice, this amount is at best divided by three. And 60-70 thousand rubles a month is still a very good result, which not all psychologists can boast of. Why is that? There are many reasons. And the demand is not the same, and clients in most cases are not ready to shell out, in their opinion, “huge” amounts. Often, when they come to a psychologist for their first introductory meeting, they believe that the psychologist will solve all their problems in an hour. As a result, the first meeting turns out to be the last. And, as mentioned above, it is not customary in Russia to visit a psychologist: with intimate questions, a person would rather go to a friend or relative, but not to a specialist. Therefore, do not have too high expectations about the profitability of this business.

Keep in mind that the profession of a psychologist obliges you to constantly improve your professional level, which means you will bear the costs of training, supervision, and advanced training. And this is at least 30-50 thousand rubles a year, which will have to be spent on these purposes.

Options for increasing the profitability of a psychological office

A kind of safe haven for psychologists is working with so-called VIP clients and corporate customers. Since a psychologist can earn many times more with them than with ordinary clients, he does not have such an urgent task in attracting new clients. Moreover, premium clients often bring people from their circle, which allows the psychologist to gain authority among the “high caste”. Another thing is that it is very difficult to break through to the VIPs. Therefore, many psychologists, in order to provide themselves with at least some flow of clients, rent offices in universities, at various medical centers and try to make money on the traffic that is available in these institutions.

Another option that many psychologists resort to is conducting their own psychological trainings. Training is a mass event. The work takes place in groups, with live and cross-communication between participants. As a rule, each training is devoted to one topic and can be included in an entire training program. In the same time and with almost the same effort, the presenter receives a much greater financial return. Moreover, the price for each specific person is several times lower than an individual consultation.

The greatest profitability for psychologists comes from training programs developed according to own methods. Such programs sell well, give the psychologist a name in the professional community and attract financial clients. In addition, today there are options for purchasing ready-made and proven techniques by franchise when a psychologist is not only taught a new method, but also given step by step instructions on conducting trainings and ways to promote them. In this case, the real profit from individual consultations can increase to 100-125 thousand rubles, and when working in the format of a training center - up to 200-250 thousand rubles.

If all the options for increasing the profitability of a psychological office do not meet your needs, start looking for unusual ideas in this area. Perhaps a traditional psychological office is simply not your format, and the search for an effective business idea should be sought abroad or in a related industry. In this collection we have collected 20 unusual business ideas for psychologists that can help you.

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