If we do not take into account dependent regions and incompletely recognized states, then Europe in 2017 covers 44 powers. Each of them has a capital, in which not only its administration is located, but also the highest authority, that is, the government of the state.
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European countries
The territory of Europe extends from east to west for more than 3 thousand kilometers, and from south to north (from the island of Crete to the island of Spitsbergen) for 5 thousand kilometers. The majority of European powers are relatively small. With such small sizes of territories and good transport accessibility, these states either closely border each other or are separated by very short distances.
The European continent is divided territorially into parts:
- western;
- eastern;
- northern;
- southern
All powers, located on the European continent, belong to one of these territories.
- There are 11 countries in the western region.
- In the east - 10 (including Russia).
- In the north - 8.
- In the south - 15.
We list all European countries and their capitals. We will divide the list of countries and capitals of Europe into four parts according to the territorial and geographical position of the powers on the world map.
Western
List of states belonging to Western Europe, with a list of main cities:
The states of Western Europe are washed mainly by the currents of the Atlantic Ocean and only in the north of the Scandinavian Peninsula they border on the waters of the Arctic Ocean. In general, these are highly developed and prosperous powers. But they stand out as an unfavorable demographic situation. This is a low birth rate and low level natural increase in population. In Germany there is even a population decline. All this led to the fact that developed Western Europe began to play the role of a subregion in the global system of population migration; it turned into the main center of labor immigration.
Eastern
List of states located in the eastern zone of the European continent and their capitals:
Eastern European countries have a lower level economic development than its western neighbors. However, they better preserved their cultural and ethnic identity. Eastern Europe is more of a cultural and historical region than a geographical one. The Russian expanses can also be classified as the eastern territory of Europe. A geographical center Eastern Europe is located approximately within Ukraine.
Northern
The list of states included in northern Europe, including capitals, looks like this:
The territories of the states of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jutland, the Baltic States, the islands of Spitsbergen and Iceland are included in the northern part of Europe. The population of these regions makes up only 4% of the entire European population. The largest country in the eight is Sweden, and the smallest is Iceland. The population density in these lands is lower in Europe - 22 people/m2, and in Iceland - only 3 people/m2. This is due to the harsh conditions of the climatic zone. But economic development indicators highlight northern Europe as the leader of the entire world economy.
South
And finally, the most numerous list of territories located in the southern part and the capitals of European states:
The Balkan and Iberian peninsulas are occupied by these southern European powers. Industry is developed here, especially ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. The countries are rich in mineral resources. IN agriculture main efforts aimed at growing food products such as:
- grape;
- olives;
- pomegranate;
- dates.
It is known that Spain is the world's leading olive harvesting country. It is here that 45% of all olive oil in the world is produced. Spain is also famous for its famous artists - Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, Joan Miró.
European Union
The idea of creating a single community of European powers appeared in the middle of the twentieth century, or more precisely after the Second World War. The official unification of the countries of the European Union (EU) occurred only in 1992, when this union was sealed by the legal consent of the parties. Over time, the membership of the European Union has expanded and now includes 28 allies. And states that want to join these prosperous countries will have to prove their compliance with European foundations and EU principles, such as:
- protection of citizens' rights;
- democracy;
- freedom of trade in a developed economy.
EU Members
The European Union in 2017 includes the following states:
Today there are also candidate countries to join this foreign community. These include:
- Albania.
- Serbia.
- Macedonia.
- Montenegro.
- Türkiye.
On the map of the European Union you can clearly see its geography, European countries and their capitals.
Regulations and prerogatives of EU partners
The EU has a customs policy under which its members can trade with each other without tariffs and without restrictions. And in relation to other powers, the accepted customs tariff applies. Having common laws, the EU countries created a single market and introduced a single monetary currency - the euro. Many EU member countries are part of the so-called Schengen zone, which allows their citizens to move freely throughout the territory of all allies.
The European Union has governing bodies common to its member countries, which include:
- European Court.
- European Parliament.
- European Commission.
- The audit community that controls the EU budget.
Despite the unity, European states that have joined the community have complete independence and state sovereignty. Each country uses its own national language and has its own governing bodies. But there are certain criteria for all participants, and they must meet them. For example, coordination of all important political decisions with the European Parliament.
It should be noted that since its founding, only one power has left the European community. This was the Danish autonomy - Greenland. In 1985, she was outraged by the low quotas imposed by the European Union on fishing. You can also recall the sensational events of 2016 referendum in Great Britain, when the population voted for the country to leave the European Union. This suggests that even in such an influential and seemingly stable community, serious problems are brewing.
Here is a map of countries in Russian and a table with sovereign states, as well as dependent territories. They include completely independent states and territories dependent on various European countries. In total, in the European part of the world there are 50 sovereign states and 9 dependent territories.
Read also:
According to the generally accepted geographical definition, the border between and Europe runs along the Ural Mountains, the Ural River and the Caspian Sea in the east, the Greater Caucasus mountain system and the Black Sea with its outlets, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles in the south. Based on this division, the transcontinental states of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkey have territories in both Europe and Asia.
The island of Cyprus in Western Asia is close to Anatolia (or Asia Minor) and lies on the Anatolian Plate, but is often considered part of Europe and is a current member of the European Union (EU). Armenia is also entirely in Western Asia, but is a member of some European organizations.
Although providing a clearer separation between and Europe, some traditionally European islands, such as Malta, Sicily, Pantelleria and the Pelagian Islands, are located on the African Continental Plate. The island of Iceland is part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which crosses the Eurasian and North American plates.
Greenland has socio-political ties to Europe and is part of the Kingdom of Denmark, but is geographically closer to. Sometimes Israel is also seen as part of the geopolitical processes of Europe.
Other territories are part of European countries but are geographically located on other continents, such as the French overseas departments, the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla on the African coast, and the Dutch Caribbean territories of Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius.
There are 50 internationally recognized sovereign states with territory located within general definition Europe and/or members in international European organizations, of which 44 have their capitals within Europe. All but the Vatican are members of the United Nations (UN), and all but Belarus, Kazakhstan and the Vatican are members of the Council of Europe. 28 of these countries have been members of the EU since 2013, meaning they are highly integrated with each other and partially share their sovereignty with EU institutions.
Political map of Europe with country names in Russian
To enlarge the map, click on it.
Political map of Europe with names of states/Wikipedia
Table of European countries with capitals
Eastern European states |
||
| № | Titles | Capital Cities |
| 1 | Belarus | Minsk |
| 2 | Bulgaria | Sofia |
| 3 | Hungary | Budapest |
| 4 | Moldova | Kishinev |
| 5 | Poland | Warsaw |
| 6 | Russia | Moscow |
| 7 | Romania | Bucharest |
| 8 | Slovakia | Bratislava |
| 9 | Ukraine | Kyiv |
| 10 | Czech | Prague |
Western European countries |
||
| № | Titles | Capital Cities |
| 1 | Austria | Vein |
| 2 | Belgium | Brussels |
| 3 | Great Britain | London |
| 4 | Germany | Berlin |
| 5 | Ireland | Dublin |
| 6 | Liechtenstein | Vaduz |
| 7 | Luxembourg | Luxembourg |
| 8 | Monaco | Monaco |
| 9 | Netherlands | Amsterdam |
| 10 | France | Paris |
| 11 | Switzerland | Berne |
Nordic states |
||
| № | Titles | Capital Cities |
| 1 | Denmark | Copenhagen |
| 2 | Iceland | Reykjavik |
| 3 | Norway | Oslo |
| 4 | Latvia | Riga |
| 5 | Lithuania | Vilnius |
| 6 | Finland | Helsinki |
| 7 | Sweden | Stockholm |
| 8 | Estonia | Tallinn |
Southern European states |
||
| № | Titles | Capital Cities |
| 1 | Albania | Tirana |
| 2 | Andorra | Andorra la Vella |
| 3 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sarajevo |
| 4 | Vatican | Vatican |
| 5 | Greece | Athens |
| 6 | Spain | Madrid |
| 7 | Italy | Rome |
| 8 | Macedonia | Skopje |
| 9 | Malta | Valletta |
| 10 | Portugal | Lisbon |
| 11 | San Marino | San Marino |
| 12 | Serbia | Belgrade |
| 13 | Slovenia | Ljubljana |
| 14 | Croatia | Zagreb |
| 15 | Montenegro | Podgorica |
Asian states that are partly located in Europe |
||
| № | Titles | Capital Cities |
| 1 | Kazakhstan | Astana |
| 2 | Türkiye | Ankara |
States that, taking into account the border between Europe and Asia along the Caucasus, are partly located in Europe |
||
| № | Titles | Capital Cities |
| 1 | Azerbaijan | Baku |
| 2 | Georgia | Tbilisi |
States that are located in Asia, although from a geopolitical point of view they are closer to Europe |
||
| № | Titles | Capital Cities |
| 1 | Armenia | Yerevan |
| 2 | Republic of Cyprus | Nicosia |
Dependent territories |
||
| № | Titles | Capital Cities |
| 1 | Åland (autonomy within Finland) | Mariehamn |
| 2 | Guernsey (a British Crown Dependency that is not part of Great Britain) | St Peter Port |
| 3 | Gibraltar (British overseas possessions disputed by Spain) | Gibraltar |
| 4 | Jersey (a British Crown Dependency that is not part of Great Britain) | St Helier |
| 5 | Isle of Man (British Crown Dependency) | Douglas |
| 6 | Faroe Islands (autonomous island region, part of Denmark) | Tórshavn |
| 7 | Svalbard (an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean that is part of Norway) | Longyearbyen |
Map of Europe from satellite. Explore the satellite map of Europe online in real time. Detailed map Europe was created on the basis satellite images high resolution. As close as possible, the satellite map of Europe allows you to study in detail the streets, individual houses and attractions of Europe. The map of Europe from a satellite can easily be switched to regular map mode (diagram).
Countries of Europe. Satellite maps of European countries:
Europe- one of the parts of the world that, together with Asia, is part of the mainland. More than 700 million people live in 50 countries in Europe. It is washed by the waters of the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the waters of their seas.
The relief of Europe is varied, but most of occupied by plains. Mountain regions make up only 17% of the country's entire territory with the highest point at 5642 meters. There are several climatic zones in Europe, but generally most European countries have a temperate climate, which is characterized by warm or hot summers and cold winters with snowfalls.
Europe- a contrasting and diverse part of the world with many countries, each of which has its own traditions, its own culture and its own attractions. Those who want to see European architectural masterpieces and learn more deeply about the culture and history of European states of past times should go to Germany or Austria with countless medieval castles, to France with its Eiffel Tower or Great Britain with the amazing atmosphere of London.
For those who want to spend time at sea, it is better to choose resorts in Bulgaria, Italy or Spain, since these countries are the favorite places for summer beach holidays for both European and tourists from other countries. Fans of active winter recreation should spend their holidays at the ski resorts of Austria or Switzerland, the best not only in Europe, but throughout the world.
Europe is washed by the Atlantic and Arctic oceans and their seas.
The area of the islands is about 730 thousand km². The peninsulas account for about 1/4 of the territory of Europe (Kola, Scandinavian, Iberian, Apennine, Balkan, etc.).
The average height is about 300 m, the maximum (if you draw the border of Europe along the Kuma-Manych depression) - 4808 m, Mont Blanc, or (if you draw the border of Europe along Caucasus ridge) - 5642 m, Elbrus, the minimum is currently approx. −27 meters (Caspian Sea) and changes with fluctuations in the level of this sea.
Plains predominate (large - East European, Central European, Middle and Lower Danube, Paris Basin), mountains occupy about 17% of the territory (the main ones are the Alps, Caucasus, Carpathians, Crimean, Pyrenees, Apennines, Ural, Scandinavian mountains, mountains of the Balkan Peninsula) . There are active volcanoes in Iceland and the Mediterranean.
In most of the territory the climate is temperate (in the west - oceanic, in the east - continental, with snowy and frosty winters), on the northern islands - subarctic and arctic, in Southern Europe - Mediterranean, in the Caspian lowland - semi-desert. There is glaciation on the Arctic islands, Iceland, the Scandinavian mountains, and the Alps (area over 116 thousand km²).
Main rivers: Volga, Danube, Ural, Dnieper, Western Dvina, Don, Pechora, Kama, Oka, Belaya, Dniester, Rhine, Elbe, Vistula, Tagus, Loire, Oder, Neman, Ebro.
Large lakes: Ladoga, Onega, Chudskoye, Venern, Balaton, Geneva.
On the Arctic islands and along the coast of the Arctic Ocean - Arctic deserts and tundras, to the south - forest-tundras, taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forests, forest-steppes, steppes, subtropical Mediterranean forests and shrubs; in the southeast there are semi-deserts.
The largest sandy desert in Europe, Ryn-Sands (40,000 km²), is located in the interfluve of the Volga and the Urals (on the territory of Kazakhstan and Russia); in Western Europe, the Tabernas massif in Spain, as well as the Nogai steppe in Russia in borderlands of Kalmykia, Dagestan and Chechnya. In addition, there has been desertification of vast areas in Kalmykia, Russia, as a result of human activities such as industrial water extraction from natural sources and unsustainable land use. In the zone of dry steppes in eastern Europe, there are a number of sandy massifs in Russia on the lower Don (Archedinsky-Don sands, Tsimlyansk sands, etc.), as well as in Ukraine (Aleshkovsky sands).
Andreas Kaplan believes that Europe is the region with the greatest cultural diversity in a relatively small geographical area.
Interactive map of Europe online with cities. Satellite and classic maps of Europe
Europe is a part of the world located in the northern hemisphere of the Earth (on the continent of Eurasia). A map of Europe shows that its territory is washed by the Atlantic and North seas Arctic Oceans. The area of the European part of the continent is more than 10 million square kilometers. This territory is home to approximately 10% of the Earth's population (740 million people).
Satellite map Europe at night
Geography of Europe
In the 18th century V.N. Tatishchev proposed to accurately determine the eastern border of Europe: along the ridge of the Ural Mountains and the Yaik River to the Caspian Sea. Currently, on the satellite map of Europe you can see that eastern border passes along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, along the Mugodzharam Mountains, along the Emba River, the Caspian Sea, the Kuma and Manych rivers, as well as along the mouth of the Don.
Approximately ¼ of Europe's territory is on peninsulas; 17% of the territory is occupied by mountains such as the Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathians, Caucasus, etc. The highest point in Europe is Mont Blanc (4808 m), and the lowest is the Caspian Sea (-27 m). Largest rivers the European part of the mainland - the Volga, Danube, Dnieper, Rhine, Don and others.
Mont Blanc Peak - the highest point in Europe
European countries
On political map In Europe, it is clear that approximately 50 states are located on this territory. It is worth noting that only 43 states are officially recognized by other countries; five states are only partially located in Europe, and 2 countries have limited or no recognition by other countries.
Europe is often divided into several parts: Western, Eastern, Southern and Northern. Western European countries include Austria, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Liechtenstein, Ireland, France, Monaco, Luxembourg, Switzerland and the Netherlands.
In the territory of Eastern Europe are Belarus, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland and Romania.
Political map of Europe
The Scandinavian and Baltic countries are located in Northern Europe: Denmark, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden, Finland and Iceland.
Southern Europe is San Marino, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Vatican City, Greece, Andorra, Macedonia, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Malta and Slovenia.
Partially located in Europe are countries such as Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. Unrecognized entities include the Republic of Kosovo and the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic.
Danube River in Budapest
Politics of Europe
In the field of politics, the leaders are the following European countries: France, Germany, Great Britain and Italy. Today, 28 European countries are part of the European Union, a supranational association that determines the political, trade and monetary activities of the participating countries.
Also, many European countries are members of NATO, a military alliance in which, in addition to European countries, the United States and Canada participate. Finally, 47 states are members of the Council of Europe, an organization that implements programs to protect human rights, protect environment etc.
Events on Maidan in Ukraine
As of 2014, the main centers of instability are Ukraine, where hostilities unfolded after Russia’s annexation of Crimea and the events on the Maidan, as well as the Balkan Peninsula, where problems that arose after the collapse of Yugoslavia have still not been resolved.
Note to tourists