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Agniya Lvovna Barto 1906-1981
Agnia Barto was born on February 4, 1906 in Moscow into an educated family. Her father, Lev Nikolaevich Volov (1875-1924), was a veterinarian. Mother, Maria Ilyinichna Volova (died 1959), was engaged in housekeeping. As a child, Agnia studied at a ballet school. At the same time, she began to write poetry.
A. Lunacharsky, after listening to Barto's poems, advised her to continue writing. She regularly published collections of poetry: "Brothers" (1928), "Boy in reverse" (1934), "Toys" (1936), "Bullfinch" (1939).
During World War II, Barto often spoke on the radio in Moscow and Sverdlovsk, wrote war poems, articles, and essays. In 1942 she was a correspondent for "Komsomolskaya Pravda" Western front... V post-war years visited Bulgaria, Iceland, Japan, England and other countries.
The first husband of Agniya Lvovna was the poet Pavel Barto. Together with him, she wrote three poems - "Roar Girl", "Grimy Girl" and "Counting". In 1927 their son Edgar was born. In the spring of 1945, Garik died tragically in (he was hit by a truck while riding a bicycle).
The second husband of Agniya Lvovna was Andrei Vladimirovich Shcheglyaev. From this marriage, a daughter was born - Tatyana.
In life, everything went well: the husband was moving up the career ladder, daughter Tatyana got married and gave birth to a son, Vladimir. It was about him that Barto wrote the poem "Vovka is a kind soul".
The name Agnia Barto was assigned to one of the minor planets (2279 Barto), located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, as well as one of the craters on Venus.
Agnia Barto passed away on April 1, 1981. But we say thank you for the wonderful poems on which more than one generation of children will be brought up.
On the subject: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Extracurricular activity "Oral Journal - Agnia Barto"
The event is aimed at developing outlook, acquaintance with the work of the poetess. Each page introduces a stage in A. Barto's life ...
Pictures and text from which you can create your own presentation, which you can show to your students ....
Presentation for the reading lesson "Agnia Barto" Do animals think? "
Presentation on the topic "A. Barto" Do animals think? "You smile, like the sun, splashes, leaving the gate in the morning.
"Children's Writers. Agnia Barto" project
Relevance: Exactly in primary school the foundations of the child's future reading activity are laid. Therefore, one of the tasks that we set ourselves is to instill interest and love for reading. Ak ...
Agniya Lvovna Barto was born on February 4 (17), 1906, in Moscow, in an intelligent family. Elementary education the future writer received at home. Then she was sent to study at the gymnasium. At the same time, young Agnia attended a choreographic school. The first poems were “born” around the same time.
In 1924, Barto graduated from college and remained in the ballet troupe. She worked there until 1925.
The beginning of the creative path
Barto Agnia Lvovna, in her youth, attracted the attention of the People's Commissar of Education A.V. Lunacharsky. Having attended a demonstration concert of graduates of the choreographic school in 1924, he was delighted with her professional performance of poetry. Expressing his admiration, the People's Commissar invited the girl to his office. There a conversation took place, during which Lunacharsky convinced Barto that she needed to develop her talent.
The flourishing of literary creativity
The collection “Poems for Children” was published in 1949. The collection “For flowers in winter forest”- in 1970
In 1976 the book "Notes of a Children's Poet" was published.
Agnia Barto contributed to Soviet cinema. Together with R. Zelena in 1939, she wrote the script for the film "Foundling". In 1949, the script "The Elephant and the Rope" was written, 1953 - "Alyosha Ptitsyn develops character", in 1961 - "10,000 boys".
Social activity
In 1930 in “ Literary newspaper”Appeared a letter signed by A. Barto. In this letter, the author spoke out against another famous children's writer, K.I. Chukovsky. In Chukovsky's children's fairy tales, “anti-Sovietism” was seen.
In 1944, Chukovsky received a reprimand from his colleagues from the Writers' Union. The writers, led by Barto, firmly asked the writer not to write more “absurd charlatan nonsense”.
From the fall of 1965 to February 1966, Barto took an active part in the process of the writers Yu.M. Daniel and A.D. Sinyavsky. They were also accused by Barto of “anti-Sovietism”.
In 1974, at the insistence of A. Barto, the daughter of K. Chukovsky, L. Chukovskaya, was expelled from the Writers' Union. Until 1987, a ban was imposed on its publication in the Soviet Union.
Death
Personal life
From his first marriage, A. Barto had a son, Edgar, who was born in 1927. On May 5, 1945, he died, falling under the wheels of a truck.
The second husband of the poet was A.V. Shcheglyaev, a corresponding member of the ANSSR. Their daughter, T. A. Shcheglyaeva, is a candidate of technical sciences.
Other biography options
- There is confusion about the date of birth of Agnia Barto. She was “officially” born in 1906, but researchers believe it was two years later. The confusion arose due to the fact that Barto, who knew the need and hunger early, wanted to get a job, but she “lacked” a couple of years for this. Therefore, she faked her metrics.
- In her youth, Barto fell in love first with the poetry of V.V. Mayakovsky, and then with himself. She never dared to confess her feelings to him. They met often, but Mayakovsky never found out about Barto's love. Once he said that he needed to write for children. Agnia did just that.
- Barto rarely devoted works to her own children. She preferred to look for her heroes in pioneer camps and schools. But the famous poem "Our Tanya is crying out loud" was dedicated to the poet's daughter, Tatiana.
- In 1937 A. Barto took part in the international congress, which was held in Spain during Civil war... For some reason, the noise of the explosions prompted the poet to purchase castanets. Ignoring the difficult situation in the city, Barto got to the store and made a purchase.
- This act served as the basis for A. Tolstoy's jokes. He periodically asked his colleague if she was planning to purchase a fan for fanning during the next raids.
- During the Great Patriotic War, the Agnia Barto family was evacuated to Sverdlovsk. There she had to master the profession of a turner. She worked on a par with those who had already stood at the machine for a long time. She was awarded a prize for her labor deeds during the war. But Barto refused the money, donating it for the construction of the tank.
04.02.1906 - 01.04.1981
Russian poet
(real surname Volov) Biography of Agnia Barto
Agniya Barto was born on 4 (17) February 1906 in Moscow in the family of a veterinarian. Received a good education at home, led by her father. She studied at the gymnasium, where, experiencing the creative influence of A.A. Akhmatova and V.V. Mayakovsky, began writing poetic epigrams and sketches. At the same time, she studied at a choreographic school, where A. Lunacharsky came to graduation tests and, after listening to Barto's poems, advised her to continue writing.
In 1925, her first poems, "Chinese Wang Li" and "Bear-Thief", were published. They were followed by "May Day" (1926), "Brothers" (1928), after the publication of which, K.I. Chukovsky noted an outstanding talent Barto as a children's poet. Some poems were written together with her husband, poet P.N. Barto (The Grimy Girl and The Roaring Girl, 1930).
After the publication of the cycle of poetic miniatures for the smallest "Toys" (1936), as well as the poems "Flashlight", "Mashenka" and others. Barto became one of the most famous and beloved by readers of children's poets, her works were published in huge editions, were included in anthology. The rhythm, rhymes, images and plots of these poems were close and understandable to millions of children.
Agniya Barto wrote the scripts for the films Foundling (1940, with actress Rina Zelena), Alyosha Ptitsyn develops character (1953), 10,000 boys (1962, with I. Okada). Her poem "Rope" was taken by the director I. Fraz as the basis for the concept of the film "The Elephant and the Rope" (1945).
During the Great Patriotic War, Barto was evacuated in Sverdlovsk, went to the front reading her poems, spoke on the radio, wrote for newspapers. Her poems of the war years (collection "Adolescents", 1943, poem "Nikita", 1945, etc.) are mainly of a journalistic nature. For the collection Poems for Children (1949) Agnia Barto was awarded the State Prize (1950).
The inmates of the orphanage are described in Barto's poem "Zvenigorod" (1948). For nine years, Barto hosted the radio program Find a Man, in which she searched for people torn apart by the war. With her help, about 1000 families were reunited. About this work, Barto wrote the story "Find a Man" (published in 1968).
In "Notes of a Children's Poet" (1976), the poetess formulated her poetic and human credo: "Children need the whole gamut of feelings that give rise to humanity." Numerous trips to different countries led her to the idea of the wealth of the inner world of a child of any nationality. This idea was confirmed by the poetry collection Translations from Children (1977), in which Barto translated children's poems from different languages.
For many years, Barto headed the Association of Literary and Artists for Children, was a member of the international Andersen jury. In 1976 she was awarded the International Prize. H.K. Andersen. Barto's poems have been translated into many languages of the world.
Agnia Barto, her biography, life and work still arouse sincere interest among readers, regardless of age, education and character.
It is fair to say that Barto had an absolutely "light" nib.
It was this lightness “in architecture” of the children's poems written by her that contributed to their understanding, clear content and easy memorization.
Toddlers preschool age, not yet being able to write and read on their own, they playfully memorize the poems of the great poetess, simple in rhyme. Whole generations of our grandparents, mothers and fathers grew up reading the poems of Agnia Barto at children's matinees.
Agnia Barto - biography for children
Today our modern children, despite their awareness and total “digitalization” with various smart gadgets, just like their grandmothers and mothers once did, worry every day: for a bear whose paw was torn off; sympathize with the girl Tanya, who dropped the ball into the water.
And this means that the lines of poetry written by Barto directly relate to an open child's heart and make you experience a sincere child's soul.
When and where was Agnia Barto born
Agree that having fallen in love with the work of the poetess, it is especially interesting to learn and feel the atmosphere in which she was born and lived. After all, as you know, any creativity is rooted in childhood.
Agnia is a native Muscovite. She was born in 1906 in a strong Jewish family.
As a girl, she bore the surname - Volova. The father of the future poetess, Lev Nikolaevich Volov, was a worthy and educated man.
Working as a veterinarian, in his free time he loved to write poetry and fairy tales. The girl was always proud of her father and patronymic.
Mom, Maria Ilyinichna, having married, devoted her life to her family and daughter. She was a cheerful and kind person.
Childhood and adolescence of Agniya Lvovna Barto
The childhood and youth of the future poetess were happy and cloudless. Young Agnia, being a high school student, went to classes at a ballet school: her father dreamed that she would become a ballerina.
Being a purposeful nature, after graduating from the ballet school, Agnia enters and graduates perfectly from the choreographic school.
From 1924 to 1925 she shone on the ballet stage. But, due to the reluctance to emigrate along with the entire troupe abroad, she decides to leave the stage.
It is this event - the departure from the ballet troupe in 1925, that can be considered key and considered, to some extent, as the actual creative date of birth. Therefore, this year is the date of birth of the new poet.
The beginning of the creative path
The beginning is marked by the publication in 1925 of two of her poems, such as: "Chinese Wang Li" and "Bear - a thief."
Korney Chukovsky liked these poems very much and were noted by him as bright and talented.
Having received such a blessing from the great children's writer, the aspiring poetess felt elated and full of creative plans for the future.
The flourishing of Barto's literary creativity
The heyday begins in the mid-thirties of the twentieth century.
While still a high school student, she read out poems by Akhmatova and Mayakovsky. Even then I tried to write timid poems and epigrams.
In short, talk about a person who somehow influenced the choice life path future poetess, it is impossible to ignore Anatoly Lunacharsky. After all, it was he who, having heard the first poems written by her, noted the author's talent and strongly advised not to give up creativity.
This fateful meeting happened while studying at a choreographic school. Passion for the civil poetry of Mayakovsky, and later a personal meeting with him, largely determined the social orientation of Barto's work.
In short, her children's works teach seemingly simple, but very important things: to love the Motherland, to take care of the weak, not to betray friends, to be brave and honest.
Famous works of Agnia Barto
The poet writes a lot, but collections of her poems never gather dust on the shelves of bookstores: not then, not now.
Our grandparents, for sure, remember wonderful children's poems and the most famous works of the poetess. These are poems from collections: "Brothers", "Boy on the contrary", "Toys", "Bullfinch".
Especially the little ones liked the poems from the collection “Toys”: about a bunny thrown by the hostess in the rain; about a bull that is about to fall; about Tanya crying out loud ...
Barto wrote a number of scripts, according to which famous and favorite films were shot to this day. The list of these films is well known to many: "Foundling", "Alyosha Ptitsyn develops character" and "10 thousand boys".
Barto was friends and worked with director Ilya Frez. By the way, the plot of the poem "The Rope" was used by Frez during the filming of the film "The Elephant and the Rope".
At the end of the seventies, the presentation of Barto's autobiographical book "Notes of a Children's Poet" took place. Admirers and admirers of the poet's work will be interested in reading this book even today. It combines diary stories and notes. Everything is structured in such a way as not to tire the reader and not make him bored.
Personal life of the writer
Agnia's personal life is marriage and the birth of two children. This is the pain of losing my only son.
She happened to be married twice. Children were born in both marriages.
The first husband was the young poet Pavel Barto. Young Agnia Volova was young and romantic. Falling in love with a stately young man, she saw family life in bright pictures of cloudless happiness.
But, unfortunately, the young spouses were tied only by romance and love of poetry. As a result, the marriage quickly fell apart, and Agnia was left with her husband's surname and little son in her arms. The boy's name was Garik.
The years of life measured for the son are only eighteen years old. At this young age, he was hit by a truck in Moscow, in Lavrushinsky lane, not far from his home. Having completely gone into work, being engaged in creativity, Barto could not fully survive this loss.
Her second husband was a promising scientist - heat and power engineer, Andrei Shcheglyaev. He long and very persistently sought the hand of his beloved. They lived in a happy and strong marriage for fifty years, practically without even quarreling.
As a result of the love of physicists and lyrics, a daughter was born, who was named Tanya. Perhaps it was she who became the heroine of the famous poem "Our Tanya is crying loudly."
Barto adored her strong family, husband and children and dreamed that everyone would live under one roof, even when the children grew up and started their own families.
When Agnia Barto died
At the age of 76, she suddenly became ill with her heart. I had a heart attack. He was the first and the last.
Barto died on April 1, 1981. She found her last refuge at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.
Barto's grave is always buried in flowers from devoted admirers of various nationalities, ages and professions.
Interesting facts from the biography and work of Barto
In the end, I would like to tell you a little about interesting facts from her biography and work:
- According to the recollections of the poet's friends, she was the main one in her own family. No decision was made without her knowledge and approval. At the same time, the husband and a devoted housekeeper named Domna Ivanovna completely took over all the household chores. Barto was free to travel on creative business trips and write poetry. After the death of her son, she became very worried about her loved ones and always wanted to know if everything was fine with them.
- It is known that at the age of fifteen, the future great children's poetess worked in a children's clothing store, wanting to gain financial independence. To do this, she went for a little deception, making herself a year older, since she was hired only from the age of sixteen.
- In the midst of patriotic war the poetess received a large state prize, which she immediately donated to the needs of the tank factory.
- Barto from the mid-sixties, for ten long years, hosted the radio program "Find a Man". This transmission, heartbreaking in the intensity of emotions, helped to find and meet children and parents, friends and fellow soldiers separated by the war.
- Her name was given to one distant planet in endless space and one huge crater on the planet Venus.
- Her talented pen was the author of many bright aphorisms.
- Agnia Barto was for many years the head of the Children's Literature and Artists' Association; was a member of the International Andersen Jury. Her works have been translated into a huge number of languages.
Conclusion
The name of Agnia Barto will live on for many, many years to come, as love for her poems is passed down "by inheritance", from parents to their children. And so - from generation to generation.
Her touching poems: about a bear, about a girl Tanya, about Vovka, about a bull - no modern technologies, artificial intelligence and total digitalization. The poems of Agniya Lvovna Barto, with their sincerity and sincerity, have long earned the right to eternal love and eternal life.
Biography
Agniya Lvovna Barto
One of the most famous Soviet children's poets. author a large number children's poems; in addition, she wrote prose, film scripts, plays, poems, acted as a publicist and theorist of children's literature. Her work, innovative in the 1920s and 1930s, "verbose and opportunistic" (E.O. Putklova) - in subsequent decades, has always been recognized not only by readers, but also by the authorities: B. is an indispensable delegate to all writers' congresses, laureate of the Stalin (195O) and Lenin (1972) prizes, a member of Soviet delegations at various international events.
She was born in Moscow. Father - veterinarian L. Volov. She began to write poetry while still at the gymnasium and continued at the ballet school. During the graduation celebrations, B. read her poems, which drew attention to the People's Commissar of Education A. V. Lukacharsky, who summoned her to the People's Commissariat for Education and advised her to write funny children's poems. In 1925, B.'s first book was published, consisting of two poems - "Little Chinese Wang Li" and "Bear-Thief". The influence of V.V. Mayakovsky turned out to be decisive in the formation of the young poetess. This influence explains both the predominantly satirical orientation of her works, and the addiction to stylistic experiments: B. dramatically changes the size within one poem ("Oh, the board ends, / Now I will fall" ), makes extensive use of unexpected spectacular rhymes, sometimes bordering on a pun ("when to me" - "no time"; "Lida, they say" - "invented"). These searches in the field of form were sometimes negatively perceived by critics, and the poetess had to prove the right to such experiments in children's poetry.
Barto was never fond of fables, "shape-shifters" widely represented in children's poetry of the 1920s and 1930s. In her poems, satirical and humorous images of children are created, a wide variety of shortcomings are ridiculed. K. Chukovsky wrote to her, congratulating her on her 50th birthday, in 1956 E: Even when you make fun of some Sonya or Klava in your book, they perceive it not as boring notation from adults, but as a teaser for your girlfriend "..." You talk with their Egors, Katy, Lyubochki, not as a teacher or moralist, but as wounded by them
Bad behavior comrade. " children's poetic encyclopedia of ornithology.
Barto's second husband is A.V. Shcheglyaev, a power scientist, doctor of sciences, academician. Barto's collaboration with S. Ya. Marshak, who edited her first works, turned out to be fruitful. For a long time, Marshak did not accept the satiricality of Barto's poems, reproaching them for excessive fluttering. "Marshak demandedly, sometimes meticulously criticized Barto's works. According to Barto herself, she once suggested
Marshak: "Let's meet next time only when you accept my whole poem as a whole, and not separate parts or lines." Marshak came to Barto in 1938: the poem he liked was "Bullfinch".
End of 20-30s - the heyday of Barto's talent. In 1936, the famous cycle of miniatures "Toys" was published - to this day the most famous work of B. (During a meeting with Barto, Yu. A. Gagarin presented her with his photograph, on the back of which he wrote down the line "They dropped the bear on the floor"). Together with R. Zelena Barto wrote the script
The film "Foundling" (1940) and the play "Dima and Vava" (1940).
During the war, Barto worked for some time as a correspondent on the Western Front, then left for evacuation to Sverdlovsk, where he met P.P.Bazhov; on his advice, in order to better understand the psychology of the worker, she mastered the turning business and received the second category.
In the postwar years Barto. continues to work with the same intensity (she has published about 150 books for children in total). In general, Barto's later work is less interesting than the works of the 1920s and 1930s; the innovative character of her poetry is gradually being lost. In a speech at the 4th Congress of Soviet Writers, Barto warns young poets against "petty topics" and the danger of "getting lost on the side path of only verbal searches." At the same time, the thematic range of works
Barto herself is noticeably transforming: she rarely writes purely propaganda poems (such works, as a rule, are extremely weak, were a frequent occurrence in her early work): meeting the requirements of the time, V. pays more attention to the image of the child's inner world - this is how the "I am growing" cycle appears
(1968), which traces the growing up process. In 1970, Barto publishes the collection "For flowers in the winter forest" (Lenin Prize 1972), consisting mainly of lyric poems. A number of Barto's works of the 1970s. addressed to adolescents. Adolescence was traditionally considered “unpoetic,” and Barto in her theoretical works argued the opposite, relying, however, not on abstract reasoning, but on her own poetic experience.
An important place in the post-war activities of Barto. takes the "Find a Person" project. In 1947, Barto published the poem Zvenigorod, an idyllic depiction of the life of children in an orphanage. According to the poetess, it was the publication of this poem that triggered the start of work on the reunification of families separated during the war. Often times, people who have lost their families have fragmentary, haphazard memories of their childhood. An attempt to use little things, details that human memory retained to search for missing relatives formed the basis of the radio program Find a Man (1964-1973; in 1968 Barto published a story with the same title). In total, during the existence of the radio program, of which Barto was the permanent presenter, 927 families were reunited.
Of considerable interest is the collection Translations from Children (1976), the publication of which was timed to coincide with the Sofia Forum of Writers, dedicated to the role of word artists in the practical implementation of the Helsinki Agreements. This collection contains free translations of poems written by children from different countries: the main purpose of the collection is to proclaim humanistic values that are important for children around the world.
In 1976, Barto published the book "Notes of a Children's Poet", summarizing the many years of creative experience of the poetess. Formulating his poetic credo, Barto speaks of "modernity, civic-mindedness and skill" as the "three pillars" on which children's literature should stand. The demand for a socially significant topic for children's poetry is combined with that characteristic of the 1970s. protest against the excessively early socialization of the child, leading to the fact that the child loses his "childishness", loses the ability to emotionally perceive the world (chapter "In Defense of Santa Claus").
Barto's creative heritage is diverse - from propaganda poems written for some Soviet holiday to heartfelt lyrical sketches. Often Barto's works are frankly didactic: her addiction to the aphoristically expressed morality that crowns the poem is known: “But, following the fashion, // Don't mutilate yourself”; "And if you need payment, // Then the deed is worthless"; “Remember the simple truth: / / If the girls are friendly. " good "so that his parents agree to buy him a bird painfully experiences this need (" And I answered with longing: !! - I am always like that now. ") Having become the happy owner of a bullfinch, the hero sighs with relief:" So, you can fight again. Tomorrow morning in the yard. "In the poem" I Grew Up "(1944), a girl who became a schoolgirl and asserts her" adulthood "still retains a touching attachment to old toys. independence from the world of adults Barto's poetry, always responding directly to the demands of the times, is unequal: reflecting the contradictions of the era, it contains both weak, opportunistic works, and genuine masterpieces. with their charm to this day.
Agniya Lvovna Barto was born in 1906, in a friendly Moscow family, her father, a veterinarian Lev Volov, was interested in art, loved ballet and theater, so he gave his daughter to a ballerina. She composed poetry while still in high school, and at the ballet school continued to create, relying on the style of Mayakovsky. At the graduation ceremony, reading poetry of her own composition, she was able to interest the People's Commissar of Education A. V. Lukacharsky, who summoned her to the People's Commissariat for Education and recommended writing poetry for children.
1925 is an important date in the biography of Agnia Barto. The first book is published, it contains two poems "Chinese Wang Li" and "Bear-thief". The poetess's style is innovative, she teases her readers with skill, she is not afraid to use different sizes within the same poem, speaks with children in one understood language.
The end of the 20s, the beginning of the 30s - the flowering of talent and the best period of creativity of Agnia Barto. In 1936, a series of miniatures "Toys" was published, which was included in the golden fund of children's literature; the circulation of the cycle went through the roof. Barto collaborates with Marshak, two creative personalities they do not immediately find common ground, Marshak is picky, categorical, critical, but thanks to him, really worthwhile poems are born.
Agnia's first husband, poet Pavel Barto, divorced her after six years of life, they worked together on the famous poems "The girl-revushka", "The girl - grimy", it was his name she bore until the end of her days, glorifying the whole world. Second husband, Andrey Shcheglyaev, academician, doctor of sciences, far from art and creative throwing. During the war, Barto worked for a short time as a military commander, a year before the start of the Great Patriotic War, in 1940, she played an unusual role for herself - she wrote the script for the film "Foundling" together with Rina Zelena and the play "Dima and Vava". Later she leaves for evacuation to Sverdlovsk ...
The post-war period of the poet's work is not so bright. She writes fruitfully, tries herself in lyrics, avoids propaganda and concentrates on the inner world child. Barto was treated kindly by the attention of the country's leadership, she was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1950, and the Lenin Prize in 1972, often included in Soviet delegations.
In 1976, Agnia Barto writes the book "Notes of a Children's Poet", where he summarizes and rethinks all the accumulated poetic experience, formulates the principles of children's literature - modernity, citizenship and skill. An important place in post-war activities is occupied by the "Find a Man" project - a radio broadcast where the poetess read scraps of memories of those who lost their relatives in the horror of the battles.
Agnia Barto passed away in 1981, leaving an invaluable storehouse of works. Her creativity is invaluable for the perception of childhood, the poetess insisted that a child is completely independent from adults, who has the right to actions and deeds, who knows how to smile and be sad, play and be serious, the pearls of the poet's works of poetry, undoubtedly, should be in every family.