10.04.2016
According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 31, 2006, the Air Defense Forces Day is celebrated annually on the second Sunday of April.
The establishment of the date of the holiday is due to the fact that in April the most important government decisions on the organization of the country's air defense were adopted, which became the basis for building the air defense system of our state, the organizational structure of the air defense forces, their formation and further development.The history of air defense, as a special type of armed support in the defense of the state, goes back several decades. In December 1914, the first units, equipped with machine guns and light cannons, appeared to fight against German and Austrian airplanes. The Great Patriotic War became the baptism of fire for the air defense forces. Suffice it to mention the air battles over Moscow, Leningrad, on the Kursk Bulge, where German aviation suffered heavy losses. During the war, the air defense forces shot down more than 7,500 aircraft, destroyed over 1,000 tanks, more than 1,500 enemy guns.
The rich combat experience of the country's Air Defense Forces, accumulated during the Great Patriotic War, as well as in the course of a number of local conflicts and other wars, has not lost its significance at the present time, despite the fact that the emergence of nuclear weapons and various means of aerospace attack caused profound changes in the armament of the Air Defense Forces of the country and the methods of their combat use.
In the post-war years, the air defense forces underwent various structural changes. Air defense associations were disbanded and recreated again. Air defense formations were reassigned to military districts, and fighter aircraft were withdrawn from their composition and included in the Air Force. Responsibility for air defense was divided into internal and border areas, assigned to the commander-in-chief of the Air Defense Forces and the commanders of military districts, and returned to the commander-in-chief again.
Despite this, their development did not stop, and in the late 1950s. The Air Defense Forces received new anti-aircraft missile systems and aircraft intercept missile systems, and the Moscow anti-aircraft missile system was created.
In 1992, air defense troops on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as on the territory of other republics of the former USSR, which did not come under their jurisdiction, became part of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation as a service of the Armed Forces.
The air defense troops included the rocket and space defense troops, anti-aircraft missile troops, air defense aviation and radio-technical troops, as well as special troops and the rear.
The result of the military reform in 1998 was the unification of the two branches of the Armed Forces - the Air Force and the Air Defense Forces into a single qualitatively new type - the Air Force. The Air Defense Forces lost their status as a branch of the Armed Forces. The Air Force is entrusted with the task of strategic importance - protection against encroachment of the state border, protection of administrative-political, military-industrial centers, communication centers, forces and means of higher military and state administration, facilities of the Unified Energy System and other important elements of the national economic infrastructure Russia from the attacks of the aggressor from the aerospace. The Russian Air Force is armed with a variety of military equipment. Many types of weapons have no analogues in the world. An example is the S-400 anti-aircraft missile system, replacing the effective S-300 system.
The current stage in the existence of an air defense system is military air defense as part of the Ground Forces and an air defense unit as part of the Russian Air Force. In 1997, in order to improve the leadership of the troops, the air defense forces of the Ground Forces, formations, military units and air defense units of the Coastal Forces of the Navy, military units and air defense units of the Airborne Forces were united into the military air defense troops.
The question of the future of air defense causes debate both among the military elite and among representatives of the military-industrial complex ..
Based on materials from RIA Novosti
Air Defense Day in Russia is one of the most important professional holidays among the military, so many people are interested in how many days this holiday will be celebrated in 2018. This day is very important for everyone who serves in the air defense forces, and for the entire population, since the main task of air defense is to protect the state's borders and prevent an attack on the country from the air.
The professional holiday of the air defense servicemen has a "floating" date. It is celebrated not on a specific date, but on the second Sunday in April, so the number may vary. Air Defense Day is celebrated annually.
This holiday is celebrated by all military personnel who serve in the air defense forces, including dispatchers, engineers, and riflemen. This day is important both for veterans and for people who have chosen to serve in the air defense.
The history of the emergence and development of air defense
It is difficult for a modern person to imagine a military conflict without the use of aviation. Aircraft and other equipment of this kind often play a key role in resolving a conflict, as it allows for effective reconnaissance, deliver supplies or troops to an object as soon as possible. In addition, aviation is used for attack, so air defense forces play a key role in protecting state borders from enemy attacks.
The history of Russian air defense began at the beginning of the 20th century, when airships and balloons were used for the first time for military purposes. When the First World War began, it became necessary to protect the airspace, so portable cannons and machine guns began to be used for these purposes. In 1914, the first battery of cannons was created, which was the appearance of the air defense forces. She performed several functions:
- Conducted airspace monitoring.
- Destroyed enemy flying objects.
During the Second World War, air defense moved to a new level. Due to the rapid development of military aviation, tank and foot troops suffered heavy losses, so the issue of protecting the airspace was very acute. In this regard, special troops were created, the main task of which was to protect the airspace.
Since that period, the air defense forces have constantly evolved. The primitive weapons used to protect the airspace have been replaced by anti-aircraft devices and modern cannons. Now air defense uses high-tech implementations that make it possible to detect the enemy from afar and strike in time, preventing a disaster.
When did you start celebrating Air Defense Day in Russia?
The history of the celebration of the Air Defense Day began more than 40 years ago. Several important events can be noted in the history of this professional holiday:
- February 20, 1975 - the "birth" of the Air Defense Day. The Soviet authorities signed the corresponding decree.
- In 1980, the country's leadership decided to change the date of the celebration of the day from April 11 (the date set initially) to the second Sunday in April.
- In 2006, President Vladimir Putin signed a document according to which the day of air defense was attributed to professional holidays.
Air Defense Day 2018: Celebration Traditions
On the day of air defense in 2018, which will be celebrated on April 8, military personnel and veterans will traditionally get together to discuss the past year, talk about plans and remember past events. Celebrations are held not only among colleagues, but also with family and friends.
On this professional holiday, the management conducts solemn ceremonies, during which fighters are awarded orders and medals for their merits, as well as certificates of honor. Fighters who have proven themselves are recorded gratitude in their personal affairs. The hero of the holiday is also presented with gifts and souvenirs.
Often, the best employees are promoted on this day, and they carry out the ritual of "washing" the stars: new stars are dipped in alcohol, after which the contents of the glass must be drunk.
Military aviation is a large part of the army that participates in modern conflicts, protects countries from penetration by outsiders, and ensures a safe life for citizens. In service with aviation today there are means that allow reconnaissance, deliver accurate strikes against opponents, use paratroopers, etc. Special units, which are ready at any time to take off in the air to protect the state and its borders, also have powerful support from the air defense ... The importance of these troops is so great that they have their own holiday. He has a moving date - the Day of the Air Defense Forces is celebrated on the second Sunday in April. The next time this date falls on the eighth.
history of the holiday
The history of air defense, as a special type of armed support in the defense of the state, goes back several decades. In December 1914, the first units, equipped with machine guns and light cannons, appeared to fight against German and Austrian airplanes.
The beginning of this holiday was laid back in Soviet times, in 1975. Then in February a decree was issued that regulated the activities of the air defense forces. For many years, representatives of this unit were honored not at the state level - it was more of a tradition. But in 2006 the situation changed.
By order of the head of state, the celebration became official. A specific day was set - April was chosen for the reason that this month many changes were adopted in the laws that strengthened the position of the air defense forces. This day is celebrated both by the current participants in the system and by those people who have not had any relation to it for a long time - a lot of attention is paid to veterans.
According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 549 of May 31, 2006 "On the establishment of professional holidays and memorable days in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", the Air Defense Forces Day (Day of Air Defense Forces) is celebrated annually on the second Sunday of April. The establishment of the date of the holiday is due to the fact that in April the most important government decisions on the organization of the country's air defense were adopted, which became the basis for building the air defense system of our state, the organizational structure of the air defense forces, their formation and further development. The history of air defense, as a special type of armed support in the defense of the state, goes back several decades. In December 1914, the first units, equipped with machine guns and light cannons, appeared to fight against German and Austrian airplanes.
The Great Patriotic War became the baptism of fire for the air defense forces. Suffice it to mention the air battles over Moscow, Leningrad, on the Kursk Bulge, where German aviation suffered heavy losses. During the war, the air defense forces shot down more than 7,500 aircraft, destroyed over 1,000 tanks, more than 1,500 enemy guns. For the merits of the air defense troops during the war years, as well as for the fulfillment of especially important tasks in peacetime, by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 20, 1975, a state holiday was established - the Day of the Air Defense Forces, celebrated on April 11. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 1, 1980, the Day of the Air Defense Forces was postponed to the second Sunday of April, this date was fixed by the Decree of 2006, which was mentioned above. Today, the Air Defense Forces of Russia is a branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, designed to cover troops and objects from the actions of enemy air attack weapons when combined-arms formations and formations of operations (combat actions) are conducted, regroupments (march) and location on the spot.
The main tasks of the country's air defense are: carrying out combat duty
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air defense; conducting reconnaissance of the air enemy and alerting the covered troops; destruction of enemy air attack weapons in flight; participation in the conduct of missile defense in theaters of operations. Organizationally, the air defense forces of the ground forces consist of military command and control bodies, air defense command posts, anti-aircraft missile (rocket-artillery) and radio-technical formations, military units and subunits. They are capable of destroying enemy air attack weapons throughout the entire range of altitudes and flight speeds. Further development of the air defense forces is carried out by increasing the mobility, survivability, secrecy of work, the degree of automation, fire performance, expanding the parameters of the affected area, reducing the reaction time and mass-dimensional characteristics of anti-aircraft missile (rocket-artillery) complexes.
Air Defense Forces Day (Air Defense Forces Day)
According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 549 of May 31, 2006 "On the establishment of professional holidays and memorable days in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", the Day of the Air Defense Forces is celebrated annually on the second Sunday of April - the Day of the Air Defense Forces.
The establishment of the date of the holiday is due to the fact that in April the most important government decisions on the organization of the country's air defense were adopted, which became the basis for building the air defense system of our state, the organizational structure of the air defense forces, their formation and further development.
The history of air defense, as a special type of armed support in the defense of the state, goes back several decades. In December 1914, the first units, equipped with machine guns and light cannons, appeared to fight against German and Austrian airplanes.
The Great Patriotic War became the baptism of fire for the air defense forces. Suffice it to mention the air battles over Moscow, Leningrad, on the Kursk Bulge, where German aviation suffered heavy losses. During the war, the air defense forces shot down more than 7,500 aircraft, destroyed over 1,000 tanks, more than 1,500 enemy guns.
For the merits of the air defense troops during the war years, as well as for the fulfillment of especially important tasks in peacetime, by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 20, 1975, a public holiday was established - the Day of the Air Defense Forces, celebrated on April 11.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 1, 1980, the Day of Air Defense Forces was postponed to the second Sunday in April, this date was
NIKOLAI I signed a decree on the creation of the Rumyantsev Museum, the basis of which was the collection of Count N.P. RUMYANTSEV.
1832
In Russia, the titles of Honorary Citizens have been introduced for certain categories of persons of non-noble origin. It could be personal and hereditary, and exempted its owners from paying the poll tax, recruiting and other duties, as well as corporal punishment. The title was awarded only by a personal decree of the emperor, it was very rare and differed from the titles of honorary citizens of the city, which from the second half of the 19th century could be assigned by the city authorities to the townspeople as a special tribute to their merits.
One of the biggest floods in the history of the city began in Moscow
In the capital, floods have occurred many times. For centuries, flood waters have flooded low-lying areas near the Moskva River and its tributaries.
The first documented report of a flood dates back to the 15th century. This flood happened in 1496: after a cold winter and heavy snows, the "great flood" came.
"Floods" happened often, in the 18th century it was decided to create a network of bypass canals. But of all the planned projects, only one was implemented - the Vodootvodny Canal, which protected the area of \u200b\u200bBakhrushin, Novokuznetskaya, Pyatnitskaya, Yakimanskaya streets.
But one of the biggest floods occurred in Moscow from April 10 to 14, 1908. The flood of the river came extremely late, but at the same time it assumed monstrous proportions that exceeded all expectations ...
As a result of the flooding of the rivers of Moscow, Yauza and Vodootvodny canal, a significant area was captured, almost a fifth of the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe city. Five sections on the right side of the Moscow River were especially affected: the second Khamovnichesky, both sections of the Yakiman part and both sections of the Pyatnitskaya. The houses of Dorogomilov and Zamoskvorechye, the walls of the Kremlin were flooded by an average of 2.3 meters from the level of the pavement. The river's water has risen by nine meters compared to its summer level.
The streets flooded with water were impassable, the horse tram was inactive. From different parts of Moscow, cut by the flood, the townspeople were transported back and forth across bridges in carts and cabs. Boatmen carried residents through the streets between houses.
1920
The Krasnoyarsk provincial committee decided to prohibit the felling of forests and the extraction of wild stones in the area of \u200b\u200bthe famous Pillars, and 4 square miles around them were declared a "protective" area.
An international conference on economic and financial issues opened in Genoa (it finished its work on May 19), in which 28 capitalist states and a delegation of Soviet Russia headed by G. V. CHICHERIN took part. During the conference, Soviet diplomats managed to break through the economic and political blockade of the country by the Western powers by concluding the Rapallo Treaty with Germany.
The city of Tsaritsyn was renamed Stalingrad (now Volgograd).
On charges of leading a conspiratorial organization in the troops and organs of the NKVD, espionage for foreign intelligence services, preparation of terrorist acts against the leaders of the party and government, an armed uprising against Soviet power, the People's Commissar of Water Transport, the former head of the NKVD Nikolai Ezhov was arrested. In February next year, he will be sentenced to capital punishment and shot.
1942
The film "Mashenka" by Yulia RAISMAN was released on the screens.
The first flight of the MiG-23 fighter - the first Soviet aircraft with variable wing geometry.
On this day were born
1910
Evgeny Konstantinovich Fyodorov
(1910 - 30.12.1981),
academician-geophysicist, researcher of the first drifting station "North Pole - 1", Hero of the Soviet Union (193.
1918
Ivan Ivanovich PSTYGO
(1918 - 23.2.2009),
attack pilot, air marshal, Hero of the Soviet Union.
1919
Yuri Vasilievich SILANTYEV
(1919 - 8.2.1983),
People's Artist of the USSR, Chief Conductor of the Pop Symphony Orchestra of the All-Union Radio and Central Television.
1921
Konstantin Kuzmich REVA
(1921 - 1. 9.1997),
star of Soviet and world volleyball in the late 40s - early 50s, two-time world champion, honored master of sports. The International Volleyball Federation named him the best player of the 20th century.
1927
Vil Vladimirovich LIPATOV
(1927 - 1.5.1979),
writer.
1935
Nikolay Andreevich KASYAN
(1935 - 28.10.2009),
osteopathic doctor, famous for his unique method of manual therapy.
1937
Bella / Isabella Akhatovna / AKHMADULINA
(1937),
poet.
1945
Revaz DZODZUASHVILI
(1945),
football player, defender of Dinamo Tbilisi and the USSR national team. He gained international fame in 1969, completely excluding George BESTA from the game in the qualifying match of the World Championship-70 of the USSR national team against the Northern Ireland national team. Currently in coaching. Among his pupils are Georgiy KINKLADZE, brothers ARVELADZE, and the Latvian national team under his leadership began to get out of the football backyards.
1952
Grigory Alekseevich YAVLINSKY
(1952),
leader of the Yabloko party.
1981
Vera Vladimirovna SHIMANSKAYA
(1981),
2000 Olympic champion in rhythmic gymnastics in group exercises.
I was going to fight for a place in the team and at the Athens Olympics, but suddenly there was a story with a Spanish casino, which was willingly picked up by the Russian media. As a result, all charges collapsed, some editions had to apologize, but the athlete was expelled from the national team.
Passed away
1869
Evgenia I. KOLOSOVA (neelova)
(26.12.1780 - 1869),
ballet dancer, who became famous as a performer of Russian dance. She also played in drama and opera performances, and as a teacher she made a significant contribution to the establishment of the Russian choreographic school.
1906
Georgy Apollonovich GAPON
(17.2.1870 - 1906),
priest, secret police agent, organizer of the January 9 rally.
1987
Nikolay Mikhailovich ROMADIN
(19.5.1903, Samara - 1987, Moscow),
painter, People's Artist of the USSR, member of the Academy of Arts. Father of Mikhail ROMADIN.
1989
Gennady Borisovich BONDARENKO
(4.2.1929 - 1989),
football player, coach. He played in the positions of the right extreme and welterweight striker in the Leningrad and Moscow Dynamo, Zenit, scored 49 goals in the USSR championships. He was the head coach of Zenit, Baku Neftchi, Riga Daugava, received the title of Honored Coach in Azerbaijan and Latvia. Among his pupils are the Olympic champion Igor PONOMAREV, the residents of Riga DEGLIS, SHITIK, ALEXEENKO.
1989
Nikolay Grigorievich GRINKO
(30.4 or 22.5.1920 - 1989),
film actor, People's Artist of the Ukrainian SSR.
2009
Evgeny Yakovlevich VESNIK
(15.1.1923 - 2009),
theater and film actor, People's Artist of the USSR (1989).
2009
Naum Mironovich OLEV
(22.2.1939, Moscow - 2009, Vienna),
songwriter.