I am convinced that only truth can be a worthy monument to the fallen and that time when it was so difficult to defend not only the life of the country, the dignity of the people, but also the right to their own, in general, the life that was just beginning then and, of course, the opportunity to see now , after more than forty years, this agitated tenderness of young foliage, the hidden expectation of a re-meeting of this green magic of spring ...
Innokenty Smoktunovsky, To be
Long ago I decided that in the anniversary year this magnificent theater and film actor, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, whose name is hardly associated in my imagination with the tragedy of our country of 1941-45, will become the Face of Victory for me. In a series of fellow front-line soldiers, Innokenty Mikhailovich Smoktunovsky is, in my opinion, the most unusual. A mysterious Russian Actor, multifaceted and incomprehensible, with tsarist graceful manners, tremendous artistic taste ... It seemed that he was a man of noble blood, an alien, a star of the first magnitude, what should he do at the front? But reality turned out to be much more prosaic and harsh. Innokenty Mikhailovich Smoktunovich, a native of the remote Siberian village of Tatyanovka in the Tomsk Region, whose parents were ordinary workers, having sent his father to the front in 1941, became the mother's support for a year and a half in a large family, where he was the second oldest of six children. Kesha combined work in a hospital with studies, first at a medical assistant-obstetric school, and then at courses for projectionists. At the same time, he moonlighting as an extra in the Krasnoyarsk Drama Theater. In January 1943, Innokenty was drafted into the army and sent to study at the Kiev Infantry School. But he did not have time to finish it. For the fact that during school time he collected the potatoes remaining in the field, he was expelled from the school and sent to the army. This is how Smoktunovsky, a lanky boy who was not shot, found himself at the front and immediately in hell itself - on the Kursk Bulge. As part of the 212nd Guards Regiment of the 75th Guards Rifle Division, he also participated in the liberation of Kiev and the hostilities on the Dnieper. Once, a liaison of the regiment's headquarters, Private Smoktunovsky, under enemy fire ford across the Dnieper, delivered combat reports to the division headquarters. It was like this: on the Dnieper bridgehead, the Germans with precise artillery attacks interrupted our communications, stretched along the bottom of the channel. In order to report on the situation on the bridgehead to the higher authorities located on an island in the middle of the Dnieper, the highest growth was chosen from the units, so that they wade, under fire, and now and then plunge headlong into the water, holding only a packet with a report above it, to the goal. Often these attempts ended in the death of soldiers. Here is how Innokenty Mikhailovich himself recalled this episode: This idea was doomed, everyone understood it. My partner, as soon as he entered the water, was wounded and could not keep close to me. I had to leave, try to break through the shelling zone - there was also such an instruction, and somewhere in the middle of the channel, choking, barely managing to grab air before going under the water again, looking back, I saw him, strangely throwing his hands , sideways, as if stumbling or drunk, fell heavily into the water, floundered, got up and again fell on its side. I tried to shout something to him, but I think it was wrong, stupid, and simply useless - the roar of the explosions of the intensified shelling (the guys at the mortars saw that I was still alive and afloat) drowned out everything around. Having passed the deep part of the channel, looking around as he ran, he tried to catch a glimpse of the passed section of the ford, but no one was there: it was either carried away by the current, or it sank. Because of some driftwood, I still tried to inspect everything around ... but the bank and the channel were sadly empty. I delivered that stupid package, in this respect everything was in order, and I was even presented with a medal for courage, although it was presented to me 49 years later right on the stage of the Moscow Art Theater after the play "Moliere". This crossing of Smoktunovsky was watched by many, and everyone, whoever saw how they beat us on the channel, were a lot surprised to learn that they didn't even scratch me: Well, you're lucky, long, you're just lucky, despite being a goner. On December 3, 1943, in battles near Zhitomir, Smoktunovsky was captured, for a month he wandered around the prisoner of war camps in Zhitomir, Shepetivka, Berdichev, enduring humiliation, bullying and hunger: They fed gruel from the intestines, sometimes animal feces floated there ... An attempt to escape was supposed to be immediately shot. There was another way out - those who wished were offered service in the ROA ... But he did not suit me, - Innokenty Mikhailovich admitted in his memoirs. The chance to escape presented itself a month later, when the Germans sent their column to Germany: ... I escaped from captivity. We had widespread dysentery in the camp. When we were on the march, they drove us somewhere in a column, my stomach hitched, and I asked to go under the bridge. I sit and hear the receding steps above. They forgot about me. I sat under the bridge until dark. Coming out from under the bridge at night, he wandered among forests and swamps, bypassing the highways, where one could easily run into the Germans. So, half-forgotten, he got to the extreme village hut, knocked on the door and lost consciousness. A soldier, dying of exhaustion, illness and mental trauma, was sheltered, warmed, washed and left, risking her own life and the lives of her children, Ukrainian peasant woman Vasilisa Shevchuk (Baba Vasya, as he called her) from the village of Dmitrovka Kamenets-Podolskaya (now Khmelnitskaya) area. Later, the actor remembered Baba Vasya with great gratitude, remembered and helped not only her, but also her children and grandchildren: How can I forget the Shevchuk family, which sheltered me after escaping from captivity? Baba Vasya died a long time ago, and her daughter Oniska still lives in Shepetovka, and these dear, sincere people, who literally saved me, come to us, and we always welcome them Smoktunovsky stayed in Dmitrovka for about a month, and in February 1944 a chance helped him get to the partisans. For several months he fought in the partisan detachment. Lenin's Kamenets-Podolsk connection. In May of the same year, the front line moved sharply to the west, due to which this partisan detachment merged with the regular units of the Red Army. Smoktunovsky recalled: ... the joy of the approaching end of the war bubbled in each of us, and we uncontrollably went west ... In October-December 1944, junior sergeant Smoktunovsky, the commander of the submachine gunner squad of the guards rifle regiment, took part in the battles for the liberation of Poland and Warsaw. The night battles near the village of Domirau (Dobmrovka) were especially fierce: Nine people survived after that night; not hurt, not injured - and even less, a few. I am one of them. However, I didn’t do anything that everyone else wouldn’t do: fall here, crawl away, bend down, get behind cover, wait out a second of the artillery attack, lying at the bottom of the crater, dive into a ditch from a bomb flying from above - in general, I did all that, that everyone did, everyone around was a normal soldier, fighter, person. Others who acted differently - did not see, did not know, for two years of continuous life at the front did not meet a single one. On February 18, 1945, the commander of a submachine gun company squad, junior sergeant Smoktunovsky, was nominated for a medal For courage for fighting near the village of Lorzen. Innokenty Mikhailovich finished the war in the German town of Grevesmühlen with the rank of senior sergeant of the guard. Fate obviously took care of Innokenty Mikhailovich: I have never been injured. Honestly, the strangest thing - two years of a real terrible front-line life: he stood at the muzzles of German machine guns, fought surrounded, escaped from captivity ... But he was not wounded. In the fall of 1945, the future actor was demobilized from the army. Even because of a very short stay in captivity, he was banned from living in the 39 largest cities of the Soviet Union. Therefore, Innokenty Mikhailovich worked in theaters in Krasnoyarsk, Norilsk, Makhachkala, Stalingrad. In the mid-fifties, he moved to Moscow. He starred in several films. But real fame came to him in Leningrad on the stage of the BDT in the role of Prince Myshkin in the play by Georgy Tovstonogov Idiot... Well, you know about the future fate of the actor as well as I do ... And yet Innokenty Mikhailovich starred in the film in 1956 The soldiersbased on the story by Viktor Nekrasov In the trenches of Stalingrad, where he played the role of a clumsy, stooped, intelligent mathematician, bespectacled Lieutenant Farber, who fought bravely during the Battle of Stalingrad, giving us the opportunity to present the actor as the liberator of Europe ... The shooting took place in Stalingrad. It turned out that Smoktunovsky was the only front-line soldier in the film crew, so he unwittingly became also a freelance military consultant for the film. And then a photo gallery of Soviet actors and directors - participants in the Great Patriotic War. Some of them, even before the war, took place as actors, played in theaters and theater studios (Anatoly Abramov, Sofya Avericheva, Boris Bityukov, Sergei Bondarchuk, Pyotr Glebov, Zinovy \u200b\u200bGerdt, Mikhail Gluzsky, Mikhail Pugovkin, Vladislav Strzhelchik, Adolf Ilyin, Vladimir Etuch ) or acted in films (Fedor Nikitin, Grigory Pluzhnik, Antonina Maksimova). Others learned acting in theater universities (Nikolai Trofimov, Yuri Ozerov, Ekaterina Verulashvili, Antonina Maksimova, Mikhail Pogorzhelsky, Gleb Romanov) or schools (Yuri Averin, Boris Ivanov, Nikolai Boyarsky, Evgeny Vesnik, Pavel Vinnik, Maxim Grekov, Ivan Lapikov Alexey Smirnov, Nikolay Slesarev) But most of them could not even imagine that they would become artists in the future. Among the future front-line actors, there were also those who in forties-fatal served in the army (Nikolai Grinko, Yuri Katin-Yartsev, Mikhail Gluzsky, Nikolai Zasukhin, Yuri Nikulin), were cadets of military schools (Vladimir Gulyaev, Alexey Smirnov, Pyotr Todorovsky, Grigory Chukhrai), underwent military retraining or completed courses for a young soldier (Pyotr Glebov, Boris Ivanov) Since the beginning of the war, many, without waiting for the draft to the active army, went to the front as volunteers (Alexander Vokach, Ekaterina Verulashvili, Zoya Vasilkova, Oleg Golubitsky, Zinovy \u200b\u200bGerdt, Marinella (Gulya) Koroleva, Fedor Nikitin, Elena Sanko, Lydia Shtykan) Young Evgeny Burenkov, Sergei Gurzo, Vasily Korzun left to fight right from school; some, in order to quickly get to the front, ascribed to themselves years (Vladimir Basov, Alexey Vanin, Nikolai Eremenko Sr., Vladimir Zamansky, Alexey Mironov, Mikhail Pugovkin, Gleb Strizhenov) They had to fight on different fronts, in different divisions and ranks. In addition to infantry (Nikolai Slesarev, Vladislav Strzhelchik, Nikolai Boyarsky), various types of artillery (Vasily Korzun, Otar Koberidze, Alexey Lyarsky, Leonid Chubarov, Alexey Mironov, Yuri Nikulin, Anatoly Papanov, Fedor Nikitin), communications troops (Nikolai Pastukhov , Grigory Pluzhnik) there were also more exotic military specialties. Alexander Vokach, Kirill Lavrov served in the Air Force; the military navigator was Vladimir Kashpur, the pilots flying on very dangerous missions were Vladimir Gulyaev and Valentin Zubkov. Mechanic Valery Chkalov said about the latter: This guy will never die. Nikolai Burenkov and Nikolai Trofimov fought as part of the navy, Grigory Chukhrai was a paratrooper, Georgy Yumatov and Mikhail Vasilyev were marines. At first, Vladimir Etush was a military translator, then he served in intelligence, like Mikhail Pugovkin and Alexei Smirnov. Nikolai Dupak and Stanislav Rostotsky fought in the cavalry troops, Nikolai Volkov, Viktor Pavlovsky, Vladimir Zamansky in the tank troops, Zinovy \u200b\u200bGerdt was a sapper. Service in the militia (Fedor Nikitin) and partisan detachments (Pavel Luspekaev, Innokenty Smoktunovsky) was no less difficult and dangerous. Unfortunately, there were those who experienced all the horrors of captivity and concentration camps, from which they tried to escape. Alexander Afanasyev, Nikolai Eremenko, Nikolai Lebedev managed to survive in the Nazi camps and were liberated by Soviet troops. Front-line roads were also different for all the participants in the war: someone fought from the first to the last days of the war, like Boris Bityukov, Gleb Romanov, someone less - a year or two or several months, there were those who died practically in the early days of the war, like Boris Yasen. Some participants in the war did not receive a scratch or were slightly wounded, others (Zinovy \u200b\u200bGerdt, Boris Ivanov, Leonid Gaidai, Sergei Gurzo, Pavel Luspekaev, Zamansky, Yuri Nikulin, Mikhail Pogorzhelsky, Mikhail Pugovkin, Stanislav Rostotsky, Vladimir Etush) received heavy wounds and mutilations. Many of them were discharged for health reasons. Soldiers of the Patriotic War fought with dignity. I think each of them could repeat the words of Vladimir Yakovlevich Samoilov: He did not perform any feats, but he did not show his back to the enemy either ... Almost all participants were awarded orders and medals. Many of them ended the war in Europe; Pavel Kormunin, Alexey Mironov, Nikolai Prokopovich, Pavel Vinnik reached Berlin. And Vladimir Gulyaev took part in the Victory Parade on June 24, 1945 in Moscow. The war did not go without girls who served not only in medical units, hospitals and medical trains (Elina Bystritskaya, Nadezhda Karataeva, Lydia Shtykan). Sofya Avericheva was a scout, Antonina Maksimova was a radio operator, Elena Sanko was a foreman of artillery. And three future artists held various positions in the Air Defense Forces - meteorologist Zoya Vasilkova, anti-aircraft gunner Ekaterina Verulashvili and political instructor Yevgenia Kozyreva. And these are non-professional film actors who starred in films as children, and then died on the fronts of the Patriotic War. Gulya Koroleva ( Kashtanka, Ryazan women, Daughter of a partisan), Volodya Konstantinov ( New Gulliver), Valentin Litovskiy ( The poet's youth, Sasha Pushkin), Alyosha Lyarsky ( Gorky's childhood and In people as Alyosha Peshkov), Boris Yasen ( Timur and his team, Mishka Kvakin) It is likely that some of them would have continued their artistic careers. I want to tell you about this charming actress. This is a living legend, the actress of the Yaroslavl Russian State Academic Drama Theater named after Fyodor Volkov Sofia Petrovna Avericheva, who celebrated her 100th anniversary last September! She has a truly amazing biography. Before the war, she worked for two years at the Yaroslavl Drama Theater. One day a colleague who knew how to read her hand told her: Yes, you have a field of Mars! And that means a military career. As soon as the war began, Sophia joined the people's militia. She was trained to work underground, and she improved her German every day. Sophia herself asked to go to the front, and it was in intelligence. She knew how to drive a truck and a motorcycle, spoke German and mastered some types of small arms - machine gun, machine gun. She became a fighter of a separate 225th reconnaissance company in the 234th Yaroslavl communist rifle division formed in the city. At first she was a reconnaissance soldier, then a submachine gunner. In repeated operations in capture groups on the front line and in the deep rear of the Germans, where she often went, she showed exceptional courage, courage and endurance. With her division, she covered the combat path from Moscow to the Elbe. She was twice wounded, but remained in the ranks. Has 18 awards, including two medals For courage, orders Battle Red Banner, Red Star... The actress dedicated a book to her fellow soldiers Scout Diary, which was based on her front diary. She returned to the stage at the end of the war, played more than a hundred roles. Happy Holidays! It is clear that I could not cover all the actors and directors who fought, if someone has additions - you are welcome. Since my post is called They fought for their homeland, then, finally, a few frames from the film of the same name based on the story of Sholokhov, in which Sergei Bondarchuk shot several front-line actors: Yuri Nikulin, Nikolai Volkov, Alexei Vanin, himself and Innokenty Smoktunovsky.
Guard sergeant, 1945 
Innokenty Mikhailovich with his daughter Masha.
But the selection did not include artists, members of the front brigades who gave concerts and staged performances
for the soldiers of the Red Army on the front line, in hospitals.
Vladimir ETUSH, Nikolay LEBEDEV, Elina BYSTRITSKAYA, Nikolay DUPAK, Vladimir ZAMANSKY.
Exactly two months did not live to see the anniversary of the Victory Otar Koberidze.
Actors, participants of the Great Patriotic War, whom we have a happy opportunity to congratulate today
Happy Holidays and wish them good health and longevity.
I will be very grateful.
In accordance with the Action Plan of the Southern Interregional Territorial Directorate of Air Transport of the Federal Air Transport Agency in preparation for the celebration of the 70th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, a children's drawing competition "They fought for the Motherland ..." was held in the Southern MTU of the Federal Air Transport Agency.
The jury included representatives of the Southern MTU of the Federal Air Transport Agency, the Trade Union of Aviation Workers of the South of Russia, JSC Rostov-on-Don Airport and JSC Donavia.
The competition received 187 drawings made in pencil, watercolors, felt-tip pens, gouache, oil. Children depicted scenes of air battles, tank battles, honoring veterans, a Victory parade. Many have sent portraits of their great-grandfathers and great-grandmothers - participants in the war to the competition.
The jury of the competition determined the winners in three age categories.
1st place: Karpova Ksenia (6 years old) “They entered a mortal battle with the enemy between heaven and earth ...” (photo 1).
2nd place: Konopleva Valeria (5 years old) "Fields of former glory" (photo 2).
3rd place: Cho Irina (6 years old) “Nurse-nurse” (photo 3).
"For the originality of the drawing" - Khadzhaev Zarif (2 years old) "Salute of Victory", Ilyashenko Vladislav (6 years old) "Russian soldier".
1st place: Semkin Savely (9 years old) "Protection of the train" (photo 4).
2nd place: Polatovsky Artem (9 years old) "Decisive battle" (photo 5).
3rd place: Makarenko Elizaveta (9 years old) "At the Halt" (photo 6).
"For the originality of the drawing" - Silkov Ivan (10 years old) "Battle for Stalingrad"; Rud Georgy (8 years old) "Air battle"; Borisenko Maria (9 years old) "Battle for Sevastopol".
1st place: Horuzhaya Anna (16 years old) "They fought for the Motherland!" (photo 7).
2nd place:Zaripov Timur (17 years old) “The enemy will be defeated. Victory will be ours!" (photo 8).
3rd place:Berman Ekaterina (13 years old) "Not an easy way" (photo 9).
"For the originality of the drawing" - Polina Lazareva (14 years old) "Heroes of the Mine Search Service"; Rud Daniel (14 years old) "Air battle".
The winners of the competition will be awarded memorable gifts, all participants will be encouraged with letters of thanks. All works submitted to the children's drawing competition will be published on the website.
In the pictures: The jury of the competition selects the best works.
OUR WINNERS
Photos provided by the parents of the participants.
Every person is talented from birth! Every child has abilities in all areas of creativity. And their disclosure and development depends on the degree of adult participation. It is for the development of the creative potential of children that remote creative contests are held. One of them is a drawing competition.
That unforgettable time of the spring day of 1945, when the great event took place, whose name is VICTORY, is going further and further! On this day, people cried with happiness, congratulated each other, sang, danced, wished each other peace on earth. On this day, fireworks sparkle every year, festivities are held, relay races, competitions, promotions, meetings with war veterans and home front workers are held. The light of the Great Victory solemnly shines in the gold of orders and medals, flickers on the streets and squares with multi-colored fireworks, turns red in the first spring tulips, sparkles in children's smiles. And we offered to tell children and adolescents about how they relate to the Victory Day, to the war through painting.
The first drawing competition was held as part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War and became an annual event.
1 Goals and objectives of the children's drawing competition
Raising a sense of pride in the deeds of ancestors in the younger generation;
Patriotic education of children and adolescents by means of fine arts;
Counteraction to negative trends aimed at revising the results of World War II and discrediting the role of the Soviet people in the Great Victory;
Fostering a respectful attitude towards the history of the Fatherland, war veterans and workers in the rear of the war years;
Involvement of the heads of educational institutions in a higher quality patriotic and moral and aesthetic education of children;
Identification and support of gifted children.
Maintaining children's interest in Russian history;
2 Requirements for drawings submitted for the Competition
Drawings must correspond to the theme of the Competition;
Possible themes of competition drawings:
1. Get up, the country is huge.
2. Wartime soldier labor.
3. Veteran's stories.
4. Soviet Army - Army Liberator.
5. This must not be forgotten.
6. Childhood scorched by war.
7. Female faces of war.
8. My dear Veterans.
9. Illustration based on children's literature on the Great Patriotic War.
10. Composition based on feature films and documentaries about the Great Patriotic War
3 A drawing for the competition could only be submitted by its author (parents with the consent of the author or the director of an educational institution with the consent of the author and parents).
4 Drawings should be completed without the help of parents or teachers.
5 Drawings can be made on any material (Whatman paper, cardboard, canvas, etc.) and executed in any drawing technique (oil, watercolor, ink, colored pencils, crayons, etc.). Works submitted for the Competition must be at least A4 format (210mm x 290mm)
6 The number of works submitted to the Competition by one child cannot exceed 1 drawing.
7 Participants are divided into four age categories:
Group I - up to 7 years old (preschool children)
Students:
Group II - from 7 to 10 years old (inclusive)
III group - from 11 to 14 years old (inclusive)
Group IV - from 15 to 18 years old (inclusive)
8 Participants submitted their works for the competition during a month on weekdays from 10.00 to 18.00 and for convenience, drawings were accepted in two territories in Balashikha and in the microdistrict. Railway.
According to the results of the competition, 318 competitive works were submitted in the first year, in the next over 500 and in 2018 the number of works amounted to 618 of which 4 children become winners of the Competition every year in four age categories, and 16 more were recognized as winners and owners of special nominations. The winners and awardees received valuable prizes from the organizers in the form of professional kits for creativity.