Ensuring national security is one of priority areas activities of government agencies. After all, this characteristic largely determines the country’s position in the foreign policy and foreign economic arena. Thus, low indicators of this concept will directly affect ordinary citizens. Therefore, the security issue must be resolved as quickly as possible.
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It is worth understanding that in order to maintain it, it is necessary to be regulated in some way. So, this relates to the legal support of the area under consideration.
People with this specialty, after graduating from a higher educational institution, acquire knowledge and skills with the help of which the optimal functioning of government structures operating in the field of security is realized.
Most citizens have a completely reasonable understanding that such specialists are almost great intelligence officers, they work only in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB or the Ministry of Emergency Situations and risk their lives every day. However, everything looks less heroic, although this does not diminish the value of their work.
To understand what kind of profession “legal support of national security” is, you need to study the current information in 2020 in this area of study, because when analyzing the main subjects studied, it is already possible to draw certain conclusions. In addition, such information may be useful for schoolchildren thinking about working as a lawyer in the field of government relations.
general review
A private lawyer who is engaged in the field of public, commercial and civil relations, in terms of the characteristics of his activities, differs significantly from a specialist involved in matters of national importance.
First of all, the latter needs to undergo separate training, since, unlike ordinary lawyers, when training students in this area, special emphasis is placed on the international legal field and the information component of training. The graduate must have deep knowledge of at least one foreign language.
The direction “Legal Support of National Security” trains lawyers in the field of relations between government agencies and individuals or legal entities. There are several special profiles, each of which, in a more precise examination, defines one or another facet of the legal field.
Thus, the following options can be distinguished when security is ensured:
- state-legal;
- civil law;
- international legal;
- law enforcement;
- criminal law;
- law-making.
For the most part, the meaning of each profile can be judged by its name alone. But it is obvious that before enrolling, the applicant must carefully study each option so as not to regret his choice in the future.
What's included in the content
Training in this area
When choosing a place to study in this area, it is recommended to submit documents to a university that is in the top positions of the ranking and has positive reviews from both employers and former students. Universities that specialize in graduating lawyers of various categories remain relevant.
The most preferred educational organizations are:
- Moscow State Linguistic University;
- Russian Legal Academy of the Ministry of Justice of Russia;
- Moscow State Transport University;
- Russian Academy National economy and civil services under the President of the Russian Federation.
Admission is carried out for applicants with average general education or average professional. Selection among school graduates is based on the results of a single state exam in Russian language, history and social studies.
Obviously, you can win the competition only if you have enough points. Therefore, timely preparation for passing specialized subjects is the key to successful admission.
As for persons who have diplomas from a higher or secondary vocational educational institution, their admission is carried out through an interview process.
What disciplines are in the program
You need to understand that this direction requires a serious approach, forming the necessary base of 80 subjects for general education and legal purposes.
The training program is developed by experienced, highly qualified teachers who are simultaneously engaged in practice, thereby being able to give their students much more important information than theoretical aspects.
As for the disciplines studied, from all the diversity the following provisions can be distinguished:
- fundamentals of theory, history of state and law;
- legal psychology;
- foundations of the theory of national security;
- various types of law, be it criminal, constitutional, environmental or any other;
- classes in forensic psychiatry;
- classes on forensic medical examination.
Obviously, the degree of in-depth study of the subject and their priority are determined by the profile that the student has chosen.
Other specialty descriptions
The learning process in the field of legal security can be implemented in several ways:
If a person enters after receiving a diploma from a specialized college, then the period of study is reduced by one year.
Additionally, it is worth noting that this direction assumes the presence budget places. However, you need to understand that their number is very limited, and they are available only for full-time and part-time studies. full-time training.
This specialty implies further participation of the graduate in the following activities:
- drawing up and implementing legal guidelines;
- legal support of national security;
- maintaining compliance with law and order;
- legal education and legal education.
That is, a person with an appropriate diploma can engage in activities of the following nature:
- law-making;
- law enforcement;
- law enforcement;
- organizational and managerial;
- teaching legal disciplines;
- international legal support.
The choice depends primarily on which profile was chosen by the applicant upon admission. Depending on the activity, the future specialist is assigned certain tasks to implement the key goals of the direction.
Significant differences
It is worth distinguishing between law enforcement activities and legal support for national security. Despite some similarities, they still have different characteristics.
So, law enforcement- this is the kind government activities, which is implemented in order to protect the rights of individuals and legal entities with the help of authorized structures using legal mechanisms of influence, in accordance with the requirements of the law and strict adherence to the established procedure.
A striking example of such work will be the actions of the police - one of the elements of law enforcement agencies.
If we consider the legal support of national security, then such activities are more highly specialized. A specialist in this area is primarily engaged in the development and implementation of regulations aimed at maintaining the functions of the law at the state level.
He examines foreign economic and foreign policy relations in line with established developments. Moreover, not only are they taken into account internal provisions, but also international, achieved through the development of various conventions or agreements.
Help for graduates
Graduates should know what awaits them after graduating from higher education.
Taking a general look at the specialty, without breaking it down into profiles, a graduate with an appropriate diploma, when employed based on the acquired knowledge and skills, acquires a range of the following tasks:
- development and implementation of legal norms, documents (laws, orders);
- carrying out an examination of regulatory legal acts in order to identify inconsistencies and possible corruption mechanisms;
- making decisions in accordance with the provisions of the law;
- investigation of crimes of a legal nature, establishment of punishment for the committed act;
- participation in court hearings;
- development and implementation of activities for interaction between the state and individuals or legal entities (the same applies to international agreements);
- maintaining compliance with the law in the direction of “subject-state” and “state-state”;
- consulting the population and government or commercial structures on legal issues;
- protection state secrets and secret information.
As you can see, there are many tasks and they are quite different. In addition, these types of activities are of exceptional importance for the state, which makes the specialist in demand in the labor market.
Additionally, it is worth understanding that after completing the main program, most educational institutions provide the opportunity for further study as a graduate or master's degree.
Where can I work?
Graduates of the “Legal Support of National Security” direction have sufficient training to obtain a position in:
- government structures aimed at maintaining security;
- state bodies of legislative, judicial or executive power;
- in local governments;
- in the legal department of companies with foreign economic activity;
- in the apparatus authorized by rights.
They can also take part in the provision of activities political parties, work in the registry office, the bar. In addition, during the training process, students acquire the skills necessary to serve as a legal adviser to legislative officials at various levels.
Therefore, depending on what field the graduate will go into, he can become an employee of organizations in the following areas:
- armed forces;
- border and internal troops;
- law enforcement agencies;
- foreign intelligence agencies;
- service for maintaining the security of the legislative, executive and judicial powers (the same is true for senior officials of these formations);
- tax office;
- emergency response service;
- bodies supporting the safe conduct of activities in certain areas of production, such as: industry, energy, transport and agriculture;
- services whose work is aimed at ensuring the security of information transmission;
- Customs;
- commercial organizations if the business is related to international cooperation.
Salaries in such organizations initially do not exceed 30 thousand rubles per month. With the passage of time and experience, a lawyer’s services become more expensive - monthly income can reach 80 thousand rubles.
Approved by the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in the field of training 40.05.01 Legal support of national security (hereinafter referred to as the specialty program, specialty).
Approved by the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in the field of training 40.05.01 Legal support of national security (hereinafter referred to as the specialty program, specialty).
Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of December 19, 2016 N 1614
"On approval of the federal state educational standard of higher education in specialty 40.05.01 Legal support of national security (specialty level)"In accordance with subclause 5.2.41 of the Regulations on the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 3, 2013 N 466 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2013, N 23, Art. 2923; N 33, Art. 4386 ; N 37, Art. 4702; 2014, N 2, Art. 126; N 6, Art. 582; N 27, Art. 3776; 2015, N 26, Art. 3898; N 43, Art. 5976; 2016, N 2, Article 325; No. 8, Article 1121; No. 28, Article 4741), and paragraph 17 of the Rules for the development and approval of federal state educational standards and making changes to them approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 5, 2013 N 661 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2013, N 33, Art. 4377; 2014, N 38, Art. 5069; 2016, N 16, Art. 2230), I order:
The volume of the specialty program is 300 credit units (hereinafter referred to as credits), regardless of the form of study used educational technologies, implementation of a specialty program using a network form, implementation of a specialty program according to an individual curriculum, including accelerated learning.
Full-time education, including vacations provided after passing the state final certification, regardless of the educational technologies used, is 5 years. Scope of the full-time specialty program, implemented in one academic year, on average is 60 z.e.;
In full-time or part-time forms of education, regardless of the educational technologies used, it increases by no less than 6 months and no more than 1 year compared to the period of obtaining full-time education. At the same time, the volume of the specialty program implemented in one academic year cannot be more than 75 credits;
When studying according to an individual curriculum, regardless of the form of study, it is no more than the period for obtaining education established for the corresponding form of study, and when studying according to an individual plan for persons with disabilities health can be increased at their request by no more than 1 year compared to the period for obtaining education established for the corresponding form of education. The volume of a specialty program for one academic year when studying according to an individual plan cannot be more than 75 z.e.
The specific period for obtaining education and the volume of the specialty program, implemented in one academic year in full-time or part-time forms of study according to an individual plan, are determined by the organization independently within the time limits established by this paragraph.
When training people with disabilities, e-learning and distance educational technologies must provide for the possibility of receiving and transmitting information in forms accessible to them.
Implementation of a specialty program using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies are not allowed.
Lawmaking;
Law enforcement;
Expert-consulting;
Law enforcement;
Organizational and managerial;
Research;
Pedagogical.
Specializations for which graduates who have mastered the specialty program are trained:
Specialization N 1 "Criminal Law";
Specialization No. 2 "State legal";
Specialization No. 3 "Civil Law";
Specialization No. 4 "International Legal";
Specialization No. 5 "Military-legal".
When developing and implementing a specialty program, the organization focuses on the specific type(s) of professional activity for which the specialist is preparing and chooses a specialization based on the needs of the labor market, research and material and technical resources of the organization.
In accordance with the type(s) of professional activity that the specialty program is focused on:
Development of regulatory legal acts;
Justification and acceptance within job responsibilities decisions, as well as taking actions related to the implementation of legal norms;
Drawing up legal documents;
Providing legal assistance, consulting on legal issues;
Conducting legal examination of regulatory legal acts;
Ensuring legality, law and order, security of the individual, society and state;
Identification and prevention of threats to the security of individuals, society and the state;
Prevention, prevention, suppression, identification, disclosure and investigation of crimes and other offenses;
Providing assistance to individuals and legal entities in protecting their rights and legitimate interests;
Ensuring international cooperation between law enforcement agencies;
Legal support for official activities;
Ensuring the implementation of acts of application of law;
Search, obtain, analyze and evaluate information relevant for the implementation of legal norms in the field of national security, ensuring law and order;
Organization of the work of small teams and groups of performers in the process of solving specific professional problems;
Conducting scientific research in accordance with the profile of professional activity;
Pedagogical activities:
Teaching legal disciplines (modules) in organizations engaged in educational activities;
Implementation of legal education.
Professional tasks in accordance with the specializations specified in paragraph 4.3 of this Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education are determined by the organization.
The ability to understand and analyze worldview, socially and personally significant philosophical problems (OK-1);
Ability to analyze main stages and patterns historical development Russia, its place and role in modern world in order to form a civic position and develop patriotism (OK-2);
Ability to navigate political, social and economic processes (OK-3);
The ability to perform professional tasks in accordance with moral standards, professional ethics and official etiquette (OK-4);
The ability to work in a team, tolerantly perceiving social, cultural, religious and other differences, to prevent and constructively resolve conflict situations in the process of professional activity (OK-5);
The ability to demonstrate psychological stability in difficult and extreme conditions, to apply methods of emotional and cognitive regulation to optimize one’s own activities and psychological state (OK-6);
Ability to logical thinking, construct oral and written speech in a reasoned and clear manner, conduct polemics and discussions (OK-7);
Ability to make optimal organizational and managerial decisions (OK-8);
The ability to organize your life in accordance with socially significant ideas about a healthy lifestyle (OK-9);
Ability to carry out written and oral communication in Russian (OK-10);
Ability for business communication, professional communication in one of the foreign languages(OK-11);
Ability to work with various information resources and technologies, apply basic methods, methods and means of obtaining, storing, searching, systematizing, processing and transmitting information (OK-12).
The ability to use knowledge of basic concepts, categories, institutions, legal statuses of subjects, legal relations in relation to individual industries legal science(OPK -1);
The ability to implement the norms of substantive and procedural law, the legislation of the Russian Federation, generally recognized principles and norms international law in professional activities (OPK-2).
Lawmaking activities:
Ability to develop regulatory legal acts (PC-1);
Law enforcement activities:
The ability to legally correctly qualify facts, events and circumstances (PC-2);
The ability to make decisions and perform legal actions in strict accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (PC-3);
The ability to skillfully apply regulatory legal acts in professional activities (PC-4);
Ability to develop and correctly execute legal and official documents (PC-5);
Expert and consulting activities:
Ability to competently interpret regulatory legal acts (PC-6);
The ability to conduct a legal examination of regulatory legal acts, including in order to prevent provisions in them that contribute to the creation of conditions for corruption (PC-7);
Law enforcement:
The ability to respect and protect the rights and freedoms of man and citizen (PC-8);
The ability to identify, suppress, solve and investigate crimes and other offenses (PK-9);
Ability to apply in professional activities theoretical basis detection and investigation of crimes, to use, in order to establish the objective truth in specific cases, technical and forensic methods and means, tactical techniques for conducting investigative actions, forms of organization and methods of detection and investigation individual species and groups of crimes (PC-10);
The ability to implement measures to obtain legally significant information, check, analyze, evaluate it and use it in the interests of preventing, suppressing, solving and investigating crimes (PC-11);
The ability to carry out prevention, prevent crime, corruption, identify and eliminate the causes and conditions conducive to their commission (PC-12);
The ability to correctly and completely reflect the results of professional activities in procedural and service documentation (PC-13);
The ability to carry out actions to suppress crime by force, to use special equipment, weapons, and special means used in the activities of a law enforcement agency, through which specialists are trained, to solve professional problems (PK-14);
Ability to apply in solving professional problems psychological methods, means and techniques (PC-15);
The ability to comply in professional activities with the requirements of regulatory legal acts in the field of protection of state secrets and information security, to ensure compliance with the secrecy regime (PC-16);
Ability to perform professional tasks under special conditions, emergency circumstances, emergency situations, in a state of emergency and in wartime, provide first aid, ensure personal safety and security of citizens in the process of solving official tasks (PC-17);
Organizational and managerial activities:
Ability to make optimal management decisions (PC-18);
The ability to organize the work of a small team of performers, plan and organize the work activities of performers, monitor and record its results (PC-19);
Research activities:
The ability to analyze law enforcement and law enforcement practice, scientific information, domestic and foreign experience on the topic of research (PC-20);
Ability to apply methods of conducting applied scientific research, analyzing and processing their results (PC-21);
Ability to summarize and formulate conclusions on the research topic, prepare reports on the results of completed research (PC-22);
Pedagogical activities:
Ability to teach legal disciplines (modules) in organizations engaged in educational activities (PK-23);
Ability to carry out legal education (PC-24).
Block 1 “Disciplines (modules)”, which includes disciplines (modules) related to the basic part of the program and disciplines (modules) related to its variable part;
Block 2 “Practices, including research work (R&D)”, which fully relates to the basic part of the program;
Block 3 “State final certification”, which fully relates to the basic part of the program and ends with the assignment of qualifications specified in the list of higher education specialties approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation * (3).
Structure of the specialty program
Structure of the specialty program
Scope of the specialty program in z.e.
Disciplines (modules):
Including disciplines (modules) of specialization
Practices, including scientific research work (R&D)
State final certification
The electronic information and educational environment of the organization must provide:
Access to curricula, work programs of disciplines (modules), practices, publications of electronic library systems and electronic educational resources specified in the work programs;
Fixing the progress educational process, results of intermediate certification and results of mastering the main educational program;
Conducting all types of classes, procedures for assessing learning outcomes, the implementation of which is provided for using e-learning, distance learning technologies;
Formation electronic portfolio the student, including the preservation of his work, reviews and evaluations of these works by any participants in the educational process;
Interaction between participants in the educational process, including synchronous and (or) asynchronous interaction via the Internet.
The functioning of the electronic information and educational environment is ensured by the appropriate means of information and communication technologies and the qualifications of the workers who use and support it. Access, use and operation of the electronic information and educational environment must comply with the legislation of the Russian Federation * (5).
In federal government organizations under the jurisdiction of federal government agencies carrying out training of personnel in the interests of defense and security of the state, ensuring law and order, functionality, procedure for the formation, use and functioning of the electronic information and educational environment, features of students’ access to the electronic library system (electronic library) and the electronic information and educational environment, as well as students’ access to information reference systems, computer equipment connected to local networks and (or) the Internet, are determined by the federal government body in charge of the organization.
In federal government organizations under the jurisdiction of federal government bodies that train personnel in the interests of defense and security of the state, ensuring law and order, the share of teachers in these categories is determined by the federal government body under whose jurisdiction the organization is located.
In federal state organizations under the jurisdiction of federal state bodies that train personnel in the interests of defense and security of the state, ensuring law and order, military-professional and special-vocational teachers are equated to scientific and pedagogical workers with academic degrees and (or) academic titles disciplines (modules) without academic degrees and (or) academic titles, with specialized higher education, experience military service(services in law enforcement agencies) in the region and with objects of professional activity corresponding to the specialty program, at least 10 years, military (special) rank not lower than "major" ("captain 3rd rank"), as well as having combat experience, or state awards , or state (industry) honorary titles, or state awards.
Among scientific and pedagogical workers with an academic degree of Doctor of Science and (or) the academic title of professor, teachers of military professional disciplines (modules), special professional disciplines (modules) with an academic degree of Candidate of Sciences, having either state awards or state ( industry) honorary titles, or state awards.
To conduct lecture-type classes, sets of demonstration equipment and educational visual aids are offered, providing thematic illustrations corresponding to the programs academic disciplines(modules).
The organization implementing the specialty program must have a material and technical base that ensures all types of disciplinary and interdisciplinary training, laboratory, practical and research work of students provided for curriculum organizations, including forensic, as well as special equipment, service weapons, special means and other material and technical means necessary for the implementation of special or military training of students in federal government organizations under the jurisdiction of federal government bodies that carry out training in the interests of defense and state security, ensuring law and order.
In case of non-use of the electronic library system in the organization ( electronic library) or if access to the publications necessary, in accordance with the programs of academic disciplines (modules) and practices, is not provided through electronic library systems, library collection must be equipped with printed publications at the rate of at least 50 copies of each of these editions of the basic literature listed in the work programs of disciplines (modules), practices and at least 25 copies of additional literature per 100 students.
The ability of students to access professional databases and information reference systems in federal government organizations under the jurisdiction of federal government bodies that train personnel in the interests of defense and state security, ensuring law and order, is regulated by the federal government body.
______________________________
*(1) Part 4 of Article 81 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 23, Art. 2878; N 27, Art. 3462; N 30, Art. 4036; N 48, Art. 6165; 2014, N 6, Art. 562, Art. 566; N 19, Art. 2289; N 22, Art. 2769; N 23, Art. 2933; N26, Art. 3388; N 30, Art. 4217, Art. 4257, Art. 4263; 2015, N 1, Art. 42, Art. 53, Art. 72; N 14, Art. 2008; N 27, Art. 3951, Art. 3989; N 29, Art. 4339, Art. 4364; N 51, Art. 7241; 2016, N 1, Art. 8, Art. 9, Art. 24, Art. 78; N 10, Art. 1320; N 23, Art. 3289, Art. 3290; N 27, Art. 4160, Art. 4219, Art. 4223, Art. 4238, Art. 4239, Art. 4245, Art. 4246, Art. 4292).
*(2) Part 2 of Article 81 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 23, Art. 2878; N 27, Art. 3462; N 30, Art. 4036; N 48, Art. 6165; 2014, N 6, Art. 562, Art. 566; N 19, Art. 2289; N 22, Art. 2769; N 23, Art. 2933; N26, Art. 3388; N 30, Art. 4217, Art. 4257, Art. 4263; 2015, N 1, Art. 42, Art. 53, Art. 72; N 14, Art. 2008; N 18, Art. 2625; N 27, Art. 3951, Art. 3989; N29, Art. 4339, Art. 4364; N 51, Art. 7241; 2016, N 1, Art. 8, Art. 9, Art. 24, Art. 78; N 10, Art. 1320; N 23, Art. 3289, Art. 3290; N 27, Art. 4160, Art. 4219, Art. 4223, Art. 4238, Art. 4239 , Article 4245, Article 4246, Article 4292).
*(3) List of specialties of higher education - specialty, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated September 12, 2013 N 1061 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on October 14, 2013, registration N 30163), as amended by orders of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Federation dated January 29, 2014 N 63 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on February 28, 2014, registration N 31448), dated August 20, 2014 N 1033 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on September 3, 2014, registration N 33947) , dated October 13, 2014 N 1313 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on November 13, 2014, registration N 34691), dated March 25, 2015 N 270 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on April 22, 2015, registration N 36994) and dated October 1, 2015 N 1080 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on October 19, 2015, registration N 39355).
*(4) See Article 76 of the Federal Law of November 30, 2011 N 342-FZ “On service in internal affairs bodies and amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2011, N 49, Art. 7020; 2012, N 50 , Art. 6954; 2013, N 19, Art. 2329; N 27, Art. 3477; N 48, Art. 6165; 2014, N 13, Art. 1528; N 47, Art. 6633; N 49, Art. 6928 ; N 52, Art. 7542; 2015, N 7, Art. 1022; N 29, Art. 4356; N 41, Art. 5639; 2016, N 27, Art. 4160, Art. 4233, Art. 4238).
*(5) Federal Law of July 27, 2006 N 149-FZ “On information, information technology and on the protection of information" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2006, No. 31, Art. 3448; 2010, No. 31, Art. 4196; 2011, No. 15, Art. 2038; No. 30, Art. 4600; 2012, No. 31, Art. 4328; 2013, N 14, Art. 1658; N 23, Art. 2870; N 27, Art. 3479; N 52, Art. 6961, Art. 6963; 2014, N 19, Art. 2302; N 30, Article 4223, Article 4243, No. 48, Article 6645; 2015, No. 1, Article 84; No. 27, Article 3979; No. 29, Article 4389, Article 4390; 2016, No. 28, Article 4558 ), Federal Law of July 27, 2006 N 152-FZ “On Personal Data” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2006, N 31, Art. 3451; 2009, N 48, Art. 5716; N 52, Art. 6439; 2010, N 27, Art. 3407; N 31, Art. 4173, Art. 4196; N 49, Art. 6409; 2011, N 23, Art. 3263; N 31, Art. 4701; 2013, N 14, Art. 1651; N 30, Art. 4038; N 51, Art. 6683; 2014, N 23, Art. 2927; N 30, Art. 4217, Art. 4243).
Graduate qualification (degree):
Specializations:
- "Criminal Law"
- "Civil law"
- "State-legal"
Training period
- full-time - 5 years,
- part-time - 6 years.
Possibility of accelerated training on the basis of higher education
Area of professional activity includes: development and implementation of legal norms; legal support of national security; ensuring law and order; legal education and legal education.
Objects of professional activity are public relations in the sphere of implementation of legal norms, ensuring law and order.
Types and tasks of a graduate’s professional activity in the specialty “Legal Support of National Security”: law-making activities: development of normative legal acts; law enforcement activities: justifying and making decisions within the limits of official duties, as well as taking actions related to the implementation of legal norms; drafting legal documents; law enforcement: ensuring legality, law and order, security of the individual, society and state; identification and prevention of threats to the security of individuals, society and the state; prevention, prevention, suppression, identification, disclosure and investigation of offenses; protection of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens and legal entities; providing assistance to individuals and legal entities in protecting their rights and legitimate interests; ensuring international cooperation between law enforcement agencies; legal support for official activities; ensuring the implementation of acts of application of law; searching, obtaining, analyzing and evaluating information relevant to the implementation of national security standards; organizational and managerial activities: organizing the work of small teams and groups of performers in the process of solving professional problems; research activities: conducting scientific research on legal issues; participation in scientific research in accordance with the profile of their professional activities; pedagogical activity: teaching legal disciplines in general educational institutions, in educational institutions of primary vocational, secondary vocational, higher vocational and additional education.
The purpose of training in the specialty “Legal Support of National Security” consists of high-quality training of competitive, tolerant and competent professionals with high level legal culture and legal consciousness, fundamental knowledge in the field of lawmaking, law enforcement, law enforcement, expert advisory, organizational and management, research and teaching and activities in demand by the state and society. The basis for the content of graduate training, among other things, is the formation of an order from employers, reflecting the need of the regional labor market for specialists of a certain profile. Students study fundamental legal disciplines: theory of state and law, constitutional law, financial law, administrative law, civil law, civil procedure, labor law, business law, criminal law, criminal procedure, criminology, etc.
Higher education should go slightly ahead of the demands of the state and place the main emphasis on the formation of specialists with a certain set of competencies. For these purposes, training has been organized in several specializations. Students are determined by their specialization in the third year, which allows them to make a choice based on the direction of their future professional activity. Specialization serves as a means of differentiation and individualization of education, allows, through changes in the structure, content and organization of the educational process, to more fully take into account the interests, inclinations and abilities of students, to create conditions for their learning in accordance with professional interests and intentions regarding continued education.
Criminal law specialization provides in-depth professional knowledge about the activities of law enforcement agencies and is aimed at preparing students for future work in law enforcement agencies at all levels, as well as in government bodies as legal specialists. Graduates are trained to work to ensure national security and ensure law and order in the activities of law enforcement agencies, state authorities and local government. The tasks of developing in students the necessary professional skills in the fight against crime, the ability to identify corrupt behavior and contribute to its suppression are being solved. This is the focus of the study of such disciplines as the organization and tactics of solving certain types of crimes, issues of qualification of crimes, criminal procedural evidence, crimes against management, and corruption crimes.
Civil law specialization provides more in-depth study legal institutions in the field of regulation of civil legal relations in the field of ensuring national security. The main goal of civil law specialization is to prepare graduates to assist in the implementation of civil rights and legitimate interests of citizens, commercial and non-profit organizations. Trends are reflected in student training economic development modern society, this is the focus of the study of such disciplines as intellectual property law, judicial practice in civil cases, consumer law, bankruptcy law, and investment law.
State legal specialization provides in-depth professional knowledge about the activities of legal institutions in public legal relations and is aimed at preparing students for future work in state authorities and local government as specialists in legal issues. Graduates of the specialization are prepared to work to support the activities of political parties and public organizations; to work in election commissions of all levels; offices of commissioners for human rights, children's rights, entrepreneurs' rights, and social security authorities. The preparation of students includes the study of such disciplines as electoral law and process, constitutional justice, problems of Russian federalism, citizenship and migration problems, etc.
Practices
In accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Professional Education, the section of the main educational program “Educational and production practice“is mandatory and is a type of training sessions directly focused on the professional and practical training of students. Internships consolidate the knowledge and skills acquired by students as a result of mastering theoretical courses and special disciplines, develop practical skills and contribute to the comprehensive formation of students’ general cultural and professional competencies. The main form of performing this task, first of all, is efficient organization all types of practice provided for by the curriculum. For organizational purposes, long-term agreements have been concluded with law enforcement agencies, ministries and departments, which are the main bases of practice. Practice allows you to get acquainted with the organization of work of relevant bodies, enterprises and institutions, with their employees and employees, to prove yourself, and to create favorable conditions for subsequent employment.
The most common entrance exams:
- Russian language
- Mathematics (basic level)
- History - specialized subject, at the choice of the university
- Foreign language - at the choice of the university
- Social studies - by choice of university
In universities where this direction is available, you can enter the law faculty if you have a certain passing score on the Unified State Exam and testing knowledge in the following disciplines: Russian language, history or foreign language, social studies (profile).
A private lawyer who deals with public, civil and commercial matters differs significantly in his area of activity from a specialist who deals with government affairs. The latter requires appropriate special training. Unlike ordinary lawyers, when training graduates of this area, much attention is paid to activities in the international legal field and the information component of training. Students must study one of the foreign languages (sometimes two) in depth.
Brief description of the specialty
The direction prepares lawyers in the field of relations between the state and the individual/organization. Applicants need to decide which training profile they are going to prefer:
- state legal security;
- civil security;
- criminal law security;
- international legal security;
- law-making, law-conciliatory security.
Large universities in the capital
To study this course, you should prefer a university with a high rating or educational institution, which specializes specifically in legal specialties. Among these universities, the departments of law faculties provide the basis for training:
- Moscow State Linguistic University;
- Russian Academy of National Economy and Civil Administration under the President of the Russian Federation;
- Russian Legal Academy of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation;
- Russian Academy of Advocacy and Notariat (RAAN);
- Moscow state university communication routes.
Terms and forms of training
The learning process is carried out in several ways: full-time (4-5 years depending on the university), part-time (4-6 years), part-time (6 years) and remotely (6 years) upon admission on the basis of 11 classes. Admission after a specialized college reduces the period of study by a year. On the basis of the first education, you can study part-time and part-time for 3-4 years. Full-time and part-time options in some universities provide a small number of budget places compared to the total number of commercial ones.
Subjects studied by students
The training program requires a serious approach and consists of general education and large quantity legal items. In most universities, the most experienced and qualified teachers are involved in its development, who are also engaged in practical activities and can present important aspects of a certain subject in order to use them in the future with greater efficiency. There are only about 80 disciplines to study, among them:
- fundamentals of theory, history of state and law (world and Russian);
- Roman, civil, administrative, municipal, criminal, foreign constitutional, environmental and other types of law;
- foundations of the theory of national security;
- classes in forensic psychiatry, forensic medical examination;
- legal psychology.
Gained knowledge and skills
Among the main tasks that specialists in this area are taught:
- development and implementation of legal norms, legal documents (laws, orders);
- conducting an examination of legal acts to identify inconsistencies and corruption loopholes;
- making decisions in accordance with the law;
- investigation of crimes, determination of punishment;
- taking part in court proceedings;
- development and conduct of activities under agreements between the state and private individuals, commercial enterprises, as well as work with interstate agreements;
- ensuring the rule of law at the “subject-state” and “state-state” levels;
- providing advisory services to various structures and citizens;
- protection of state secrets and classified information.
Professions: who and where to work
Graduates of the direction are prepared to conduct law-making, law enforcement, consulting, management and law enforcement activities.
- consultant in the area of “relations between an organization/individual and the state”;
- security specialist at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, state security agencies;
- lawyer in the legal departments of companies that maintain commercial relationships with enterprises of other countries (logistics, foreign trade activities, etc.);
- forensic scientist;
- bailiff;
- legal advisor
Graduates can realize themselves by working in the Armed Forces and border troops, law enforcement agencies and security agencies, in emergency response services; in establishments that ensure the safe operation of industrial, energy, transport facilities, Agriculture, MASS MEDIA.
If during the training process or after graduation a specialist gets a job as an assistant lawyer or uncategorized specialist in government agency, he has a chance to earn 25-30 thousand rubles. Specialists with experience in business management can count on 70-80 thousand rubles, and upon receiving the position of head of a department - 100-150 thousand rubles.
Continuing training in the specialty
One of the tasks of the training program developers is to train not only practitioners, but also analysts, scientists, theorists, and teachers. Preparation to this level is carried out in a master's program, which can be entered after a specialty. A master's degree gives the right to study pedagogical activity, teach disciplines in the specialty. TO scientific activity Lawyers are trained by graduate school; admission to it is carried out after successful completion of the master's program.
